SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Amendment No. 1
Gaylord Entertainment Company
Delaware | 73-0664379 | |
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) |
(I.R.S. Employee Identification Number) |
One Gaylord Drive
Carter R. Todd, Esq.
Copy to:
F. Mitchell Walker, Jr., Esq. Bass, Berry & Sims PLC 315 Deaderick Street, Suite 2700 Nashville, Tennessee 37238 (615) 742-6200 |
Frederic T. Spindel Matthew B. Swartz Venable LLP 575 7th Street, NW Washington, DC 20004 (202) 344-4800 |
Andrew R. Schleider Shearman & Sterling LLP 599 Lexington Avenue New York, New York 10022 (212) 848-4000 |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement is declared effective.
If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. o
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box. o
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. o
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, please check the following box. o
The registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this
preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We
may not sell securities until the registration statement filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission is declared
effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell
these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these
securities in any state where the offer or sale is not
permitted. |
Subject to Completion, Dated April 20, 2004
Prospectus
5,872,113 Shares
All of the 5,872,113 shares of common stock being sold in this offering are being sold by the selling stockholders. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of shares.
Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol GET. On April 19, 2004, the last reported sale price of the common stock was $29.85 per share.
Investing in our common stock involves risk. See Risk Factors beginning on page 10.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Per Share | Total | |||
Public offering price
|
$ | $ | ||
Underwriting discounts and commissions
|
$ | $ | ||
Proceeds, before expenses, to the selling
shareholders
|
$ | $ |
The selling stockholders have granted the underwriters an option for a period of 30 days from the date of this prospectus to purchase up to 880,816 additional shares to cover over-allotments.
Deutsche Bank Securities | JPMorgan |
JMP Securities | Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc. |
The date of this prospectus is , 2004.
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY
You should read the following summary together with the more detailed information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus, and the information and financial statements and notes in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003, as amended, which is incorporated by reference herein. Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus to we, us and our refer to Gaylord Entertainment Company and its direct and indirect subsidiaries.
Gaylord Entertainment Company
We are the only hospitality company whose stated primary focus is the large group meetings segment of the lodging market. Our hospitality business includes our Gaylord branded hotels consisting of the Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center in Nashville, Tennessee, the Gaylord Palms Resort & Convention Center near Orlando, Florida and the Gaylord Texan Resort & Convention Center near Dallas, Texas. Driven by our All-in-One-Place strategy, our award-winning Gaylord branded hotels incorporate not only high quality lodging, but also significant meeting, convention and exhibition space, superb food and beverage options and retail facilities within a single self-contained property. As a result, our properties provide a convenient and entertaining environment for our convention guests. In addition, our custom-tailored, all-inclusive solutions cater to the unique needs of meeting planners.
In order to strengthen and diversify our hospitality business, on November 20, 2003, we acquired ResortQuest International, Inc. in a stock-for-stock transaction. ResortQuest is a leading provider of vacation condominium and home rental property management services in premier destination resort locations in the United States and Canada, with a branded network of vacation rental properties. We refer to ResortQuest and its subsidiaries in this prospectus as ResortQuest.
We also own and operate several attractions in Nashville, including the Grand Ole Opry, a live country music variety show, which is the nations longest running radio show and an icon in country music. Our local Nashville attractions provide entertainment opportunities for Nashville-area residents and visitors, including our Nashville hotel and convention guests, while adding to our destination appeal.
Our operations are organized into four principal business segments: (i) Hospitality, which includes our hotel operations; (ii) Opry and Attractions Group, which includes our Nashville attractions and assets related to the Grand Ole Opry; (iii) ResortQuest, which is our newly acquired provider of vacation and home rental property management services and (iv) Corporate and Other, which includes corporate expenses and results from our minority investments.
Hospitality
Our Gaylord branded hotels target the large group meetings segment of the lodging market and are designed to minimize the logistical and organizational challenges typically associated with planning and hosting a large group meeting. To accommodate large group meetings, our Gaylord branded hotels feature among the highest ratios of meeting space per guest room among convention hotels in the United States and include our award-winning food and beverage offerings and a variety of entertainment options. Each of our Gaylord branded hotels offers the following: lodging, banquet and meeting facilities, exhibition space, restaurants, bars, shopping, recreational facilities and other resort amenities. For the year ended December 31, 2003, our revenues and operating income, excluding preopening costs, for our Hospitality segment were $369.3 million and $42.3 million, respectively.
Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention CenterNashville, Tennessee. (2,881 guest rooms) Our flagship resort, the Gaylord Opryland in Nashville, is one of the leading convention
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Gaylord Palms Resort & Convention Center Kissimmee, Florida. (1,406 guest rooms) In January 2002, we opened our Gaylord Palms Resort & Convention Center on a 65-acre site in Osceola County, Florida, approximately 5 minutes drive from the main gate of the Walt Disney World® Resort complex. For the year ended December 31, 2003, Gaylord Palms revenues, occupancy and RevPAR were $146.8 million, 72.3% and $119.87, respectively.
Gaylord Texan Resort & Convention Center Grapevine, Texas. (1,511 guest rooms) We opened our new Gaylord branded hotel in Grapevine, Texas, in April 2004 on the schedule and budget developed by our current management. The Gaylord Texan has already attracted significant demand as evidenced by its advanced bookings. As of December 31, 2003, approximately 639,000 group room nights have been booked for future periods. In addition, we expect the hotels proximity to the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport will attract business travelers.
Radisson Hotel at Opryland. (303 guest rooms) We own and operate the Radisson Hotel at Opryland in Nashville, Tennessee, a Radisson franchise hotel which is located across the street from the Gaylord Opryland.
Opry and Attractions Group
Our Opry and Attractions Group segment assets include the Grand Ole Opry, General Jackson Showboat, Ryman Auditorium, Springhouse Golf Club and the Wildhorse Saloon. It also includes the operations of our radio station, WSM-AM, and Corporate Magic, our corporate events production business. For the year ended December 31, 2003, our total Opry and Attractions Group segment revenues and operating loss were $61.4 million and $0.6 million, respectively.
ResortQuest
ResortQuest is a leading provider of vacation condominium and home rental property management services in premier destination resort locations in the United States and Canada (based on the number of properties under management). ResortQuest has developed a branded network of vacation rental properties and currently provides management services to approximately 19,300 vacation rental properties, approximately 17,800 of which are under exclusive management contracts and approximately 1,500 of which are under non-exclusive management contracts. ResortQuests operations are located in more than 50 premier beach, mountain, desert and tropical resort locations. We completed the ResortQuest acquisition in November 2003. For the year ended December 31, 2003 (the period from November 20 to December 31, 2003), our ResortQuest segment had total revenues and operating loss of $17.9 million and $2.6 million, respectively.
Corporate and Other
Our Corporate and Other segment includes our corporate activities, plus our 19.1% minority investment in Bass Pro, Inc., which owns and operates Bass Pro Shops, a retailer of premium outdoor sporting goods and fishing tackle, and our 10.5% minority investment in the Nashville Hockey Club Limited Partnership, which owns the Nashville Predators National Hockey League franchise. For the year ended December 31, 2003, our total Corporate and Other segment revenues and operating loss were $0.2 million and $43.4 million, respectively.
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Competitive Strengths
Strong revenue and cash flow visibility. We have significant visibility with regard to our future revenues and cash flows. Approximately 80% of our total room nights occupied in 2003 were related to large group meetings. In 2003, these large groups accounted for only 11% of the total number of our group customers but represented 81% of our occupied room nights. In order to reserve the required capacity, our large group clients typically contract room nights several years in advance. Approximately 47.5% of our group room nights in 2003 were generated by associations, which typically have more attendees, longer advance booking periods, more consistent booking cycles, longer stays and a pattern of rotating meetings through locations around the country. As of December 31, 2003, advanced bookings at the Gaylord Opryland and Gaylord Palms for 2004 through 2005 represented approximately 44% of our total available room nights at these hotels for that period.
Superior business model. We believe that through a combination of excellent customer service, a unique product offering and an entertaining environment, we are able to provide our customers with a one-of-a-kind experience that distinguishes our hotels from those of our competitors. Our properties have gained significant industry recognition, as evidenced by Gaylord Opryland receiving the prestigious 2002 Gold Key Elite Award from Meeting & Conventions magazine, and the Gaylord Palms receiving the AAA Four Diamond Award 2003 and Successful Meetings Pinnacle Award 2003.
Solid brand recognition. An American icon with a 75-year legacy, the Grand Ole Opry is a unique asset that provides us with a significant competitive advantage as it appeals to the country lifestyle consumer, which we estimate to number approximately 70 million in the United States. Since 1925, when WSM-AM broadcast the first radio show which became the Grand Ole Opry, the Grand Ole Opry has entertained, and continues to entertain, millions of country-music lovers both nationally and abroad. In addition to significant brand awareness of the Grand Ole Opry name, we also enjoy a high level of brand name awareness among meeting planners with our Gaylord hotels brand.
Experienced and proven management. Our senior management team has substantial experience in the lodging industry. In April 2001, Michael Rose, Chairman, and Colin Reed, President and CEO, joined us with a combined 56 years of industry experience. Upon joining Gaylord, Mr. Rose and Mr. Reed significantly improved the management team by replacing nine out of ten senior managers. On average, our new senior management team has approximately 13 years of experience in the hospitality industry.
Business Strategy
Our goal is to become the nations premier hotel brand serving the meetings and conventions sector and to enhance our business by offering additional vacation and entertainment opportunities to our guests and target consumers. Our Gaylord branded hotels focus on the $86 billion large group meetings market. Our properties and service are designed to appeal to meeting planners who arrange these large group meetings. As a result of the ResortQuest acquisition, we now operate a leading provider of vacation condominium and home rental management services with approximately 19,300 vacation rental properties under management. The Grand Ole Opry is one of the brands best-known by the country lifestyle consumer, which we estimate to number approximately 70 million in the United States. Country lifestyle consumers are persons who have recently participated in one or more of a number of activities identified by our management. These activities include listening to country music, buying country music recordings, attending country music concerts or reading country-themed publications.
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All-in-One-Place product offering. Through our All-in-One-Place strategy, our Gaylord branded hotels incorporate meeting and exhibition space, signature guest rooms, award-winning food and beverage offerings, fitness facilities and other attractions within a large hotel property so our attendees needs are met in one location. This strategy creates a better experience for both meeting planners and our guests, allows us to capture a greater share of their event spending, and has led to our Gaylord Opryland hotel in Nashville and our Gaylord Palms hotel in Florida claiming a place among the leading convention hotels in the country.
Create customer rotation between our hotels. In order to further capitalize on our success in Nashville, we opened our Gaylord Palms hotel in January 2002, and our new Gaylord Texan hotel in April 2004. In 2001, we refocused the efforts of our sales force to capitalize on our expansion and the desires of some of our large group meeting clients to meet in different parts of the country each year and to establish relationships with new customers as we increase our geographic reach. There is a significant opportunity to establish strong relationships with new customers and rotate them to our other properties.
Leverage brand name awareness. We believe that the Grand Ole Opry is one of the most recognized entertainment brands within the United States. We promote the Grand Ole Opry name through a number of media including our WSM-AM radio station, the internet, television and performances by the Grand Ole Oprys members, many of whom are renowned country music artists and we believe that significant growth opportunities exist through leveraging and extending the Grand Ole Opry brand into other products and markets. As such, we have alliances in place with multiple distribution partners in an effort to foster brand extension. We are currently exploring additional products, such as television specials and retail products, through which we can capitalize on our brand affinity and awareness. We believe that licensing our brand for products may provide an opportunity to increase revenues and cash flow with relatively little capital investment.
Capitalize on the ResortQuest acquisition. We believe the combination of Gaylord and ResortQuest formed a stronger, more diversified hospitality company with the ability to offer a broader range of accommodations to existing and potential customers. We believe that there are significant opportunities to cross-sell hospitality products by offering ResortQuests vacation properties to our country lifestyle consumers and introducing our hotels and country lifestyle offerings to ResortQuests customers. Drawing upon the experience of our combined management teams, we believe that we can more fully develop the ResortQuest brand and take advantage of future growth opportunities through increased scale, improved operational efficiency and access to additional sources of capital. In addition, we have identified a number of cost saving opportunities and synergies, including the elimination of redundant functions and optimization of the combined companys infrastructure.
Material Risk Factors
In considering our company, our competitive strengths and our business strategy, you should also be aware that we face risks to our business which may adversely affect our competitive position and our ability to achieve our business strategy. These include the following factors:
| We have a substantial amount of indebtedness. As of December 31, 2003, we had approximately $548.8 million of debt outstanding, exclusive of our $613.1 million secured forward exchange contract, and our substantial indebtedness could hinder our ability to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness and our other obligations. | |
| The agreements governing our debt, including the notes and our senior secured loans, contain various covenants that limit our discretion to operate our business and could lead to acceleration of debt. |
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| To service our debt, we will require a significant amount of cash, which may not be available to us. | |
| We have recently refocused our business strategy on the development of additional resort and convention center hotels and on the management of rental vacation properties, which strategy we may not be able to successfully implement. | |
| We may not be able to successfully integrate our recent and future acquisitions, including our recent acquisition of ResortQuest, and may be unable to achieve the anticipated cost savings and other benefits from these acquisitions, which may weaken our competitive position. | |
| Our hotel development is subject to timing and budgeting risks, including without limitation construction delays or cost overruns, that may increase project costs. | |
| The regional concentration of our hotels may subject us to economic downturns in the southeastern United States, which may reduce our revenues and operating income. | |
| Hospitality companies have been the target of class actions and other lawsuits alleging violations of federal and state law, and damages and expenses from lawsuits of this type could reduce our operating income and profits. | |
| Our properties are subject to numerous environmental regulations that could impose significant financial liability on us. | |
| Any failure to attract, retain and integrate our senior and managerial level executives and employees could negatively impact our operations and development of our properties. | |
| We have certain minority equity interests over which we have no significant control, to or for which we may owe significant obligations and for which there is no liquid market, and these investments may not be profitable. | |
| The SEC staff is currently conducting a formal investigation in connection with our restatement of our historical financial statements for 2000, 2001 and the first nine months of 2002, which could lead to significant liability. | |
| The market price for our common stock may be volatile, and fluctuations in our operating results and other factors may result in decreases in our stock price. |
Recent Developments
Our new Gaylord Texan Resort & Convention Center opened on schedule and on budget on April 2, 2004.
On April 5, 2004, we announced that we had elected Michael I. Roth as a new member of our board of directors and that Christine Gaylord Everest and Martin C. Dickinson resigned from their board duties effective immediately. Mr. Roth serves as chairman of the board and chief executive officer of Mutual of New York (MONY) Group Inc., a financial services holding company.
Our principal executive offices are located at One Gaylord Drive, Nashville, Tennessee 37214. Our telephone number is (615) 316-6000 and our website address is www.gaylordentertainment.com (information contained on our website is not incorporated herein by reference). Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol GET.
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The Offering
Common Stock Offered by the Selling Stockholders
|
5,872,113 shares | |
Total Outstanding Shares Beneficially Owned by
Selling Stockholders before this Offering
|
9,366,199 shares | |
Total Outstanding Shares Beneficially Owned by
Selling Stockholders after this Offering
|
3,494,086 shares(1) | |
Common Stock to be Outstanding after this Offering
|
39,508,277 shares | |
Use of Proceeds
|
We will not receive any proceeds from this offering of shares by the selling stockholders. | |
Dividend Policy
|
We intend to retain all future earnings, if any, to fund the development and growth of our business. We do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock. | |
New York Stock Exchange Symbol
|
GET |
(1) | Includes options to purchase 79,108 shares of common stock. |
The number of shares of our common stock outstanding after the offering is based on shares outstanding as of April 1, 2004. This number does not include 3,961,625 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options under our stock option plans, with a weighted average exercise price of $25.42 per share, 1,794,108 shares of common stock reserved and available for future issuance under our stock option plans as of April 1, 2004, and 5,000 shares issuable upon exercise of an outstanding stock purchase warrant with an exercise price of $35.00 per share. The information contained in this prospectus assumes no exercise of the underwriters overallotment option.
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Summary Historical Consolidated Financial Information
The following table sets forth, for the periods and as of the dates indicated, summary historical consolidated financial information for Gaylord Entertainment Company. The summary historical consolidated financial information as of December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2003 was derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. We acquired ResortQuest on November 20, 2003 and the results of operations of ResortQuest for the period from November 20, 2003 to December 31, 2003 are included in our results for the year ended December 31, 2003.
The table below should be read in conjunction with Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003.
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2001 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Income Statement Data:
|
||||||||||||||
Revenues:
|
||||||||||||||
Hospitality
|
$ | 369,263 | $ | 339,380 | $ | 228,712 | ||||||||
Opry and Attractions
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61,433 | 65,600 | 67,064 | |||||||||||
ResortQuest
|
17,920 | | | |||||||||||
Corporate and Other
|
184 | 272 | 290 | |||||||||||
Total revenues
|
448,800 | 405,252 | 296,066 | |||||||||||
Operating expenses:
|
||||||||||||||
Operating costs
|
276,937 | 254,583 | 201,299 | |||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative
|
117,178 | 108,732 | 67,212 | |||||||||||
Preopening costs(1)
|
11,562 | 8,913 | 15,927 | |||||||||||
Gain on sale of assets(2)
|
| (30,529 | ) | | ||||||||||
Impairment and other charges
|
856 | (4) | | 14,262 | (4) | |||||||||
Restructuring charges
|
| (17 | )(5) | 2,182 | (5) | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization
|
58,950 | 56,480 | 38,405 | |||||||||||
Total operating expenses
|
465,483 | 398,162 | 339,287 | |||||||||||
Operating income (loss)
|
(16,683 | ) | 7,090 | (43,221 | ) | |||||||||
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized
|
(52,804 | ) | (46,960 | ) | (39,365 | ) | ||||||||
Interest income
|
2,461 | 2,808 | 5,554 | |||||||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on Viacom stock
|
39,831 | (37,300 | ) | 782 | ||||||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivatives, net
|
(33,228 | ) | 86,476 | 54,282 | ||||||||||
Other gains and (losses)
|
2,209 | 1,163 | 2,661 | |||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations before
income taxes
|
(58,214 | ) | 13,277 | (19,307 | ) | |||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
|
(24,669 | ) | 1,318 | (9,142 | ) | |||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations
|
(33,545 | ) | 11,959 | (10,165 | ) | |||||||||
Gain (loss) from discontinued operations,
net of taxes(3)
|
34,371 | 85,757 | (48,833 | ) | ||||||||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of
taxes
|
| (2,572 | )(6) | 11,202 | (7) | |||||||||
Net income (loss)
|
$ | 826 | $ | 95,144 | $ | (47,796 | ) | |||||||
See footnotes beginning on the following page
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As of December 31, | ||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2001 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data:
|
||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents:
|
||||||||||||||
Unrestricted
|
$ | 120,965 | $ | 98,632 | $ | 9,194 | ||||||||
Restricted(8)
|
37,723 | 19,323 | 64,993 | |||||||||||
Total assets(9)
|
2,577,263 | 2,178,691 | 2,177,644 | |||||||||||
Total debt(10)
|
548,759 | 340,638 | 468,997 | |||||||||||
Secured forward exchange contract(9)
|
613,054 | 613,054 | 613,054 | |||||||||||
Total stockholders equity
|
904,509 | 787,579 | 696,988 |
Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2001 | |||||||||||
Operating Data:
|
|||||||||||||
Gaylord Opryland:
|
|||||||||||||
Occupancy
|
72.4 | % | 68.6 | % | 70.3 | % | |||||||
ADR(11)
|
$ | 137.47 | $ | 142.58 | $ | 140.33 | |||||||
RevPAR(12)
|
$ | 99.59 | $ | 97.80 | $ | 98.65 | |||||||
Total RevPAR(13)
|
$ | 204.75 | $ | 195.97 | $ | 211.01 | |||||||
Gaylord Palms(14):
|
|||||||||||||
Occupancy
|
72.3 | % | 64.8 | % | | ||||||||
ADR(11)
|
$ | 165.79 | $ | 168.65 | $ | | |||||||
RevPAR(12)
|
$ | 119.87 | $ | 109.37 | $ | | |||||||
Total RevPAR(13)
|
$ | 286.05 | $ | 251.26 | $ | |
(1) | Preopening costs are the costs associated with preopening expenses related to the construction of new hotels, start-up activities and organization costs related to the Gaylord Palms Resort & Convention Center hotel in Kissimmee, Florida and the new Gaylord Texan Resort & Convention Center in Grapevine, Texas. Gaylord Palms opened in January 2002 and the Gaylord Texan opened on April 2, 2004. | |
(2) | During 2002, we sold our one-third interest in the Opry Mills Shopping Center in Nashville, Tennessee and the interest in the related land lease between Gaylord and the Mills Corporation. | |
(3) | In August 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 144, we have presented the operating results and financial position of the following businesses as discontinued operations: WSM-FM and WWTN(FM); Acuff-Rose Music Publishing; Oklahoma RedHawks; Word Entertainment; GET Management, our artist management business; the international cable networks; the businesses sold to affiliates of The Oklahoma Publishing Company in 2001 consisting of Pandora Films, Gaylord Films, Gaylord Sports Management, Gaylord Event Television and Gaylord Production Company; and the water taxis. | |
(4) | Reflects the divestiture of certain businesses and reduction in the carrying values of certain assets. The components of the impairment and other charges related to continuing operations for the years ended December 31 are as follows: |
2003 | 2001 | ||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||
Programming, film and other content
|
$ | 856 | $ | 6,858 | |||||
Gaylord Digital and other technology investments
|
| 4,576 | |||||||
Property and equipment
|
| 2,828 | |||||||
Total impairment and other charges
|
$ | 856 | $ | 14,262 | |||||
(5) | Related primarily to employee severance and contract termination costs. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. | |
(6) | Reflects the cumulative effect of the change in accounting method related to adopting the provisions of SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. We recorded an impairment loss related to impairment of the |
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goodwill of the Radisson Hotel at Opryland. The impairment loss was $4.2 million, less taxes of approximately $1.6 million. | ||
(7) | Reflects the cumulative effect of the change in accounting method related to recording the derivatives associated with the secured forward exchange contract at fair value as of January 1, 2001 of $18.3 million less a related tax provision of $7.1 million. | |
(8) | Cash and cash equivalents restricted for our hospitality segment represent cash held in escrow for required capital expenditures, property taxes, insurance payments and other reserves required pursuant to the terms of our credit agreements. For ResortQuest, this primarily represents guest advance deposits held in escrow for lodging reservations and deposits on real estate transactions. | |
(9) | Total assets include the Viacom, Inc. Class B common stock at its market values of $488.3 million, $448.5 million and $485.8 million at December 31, 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively. During 2000, we entered into a seven-year secured forward exchange contract for a notional amount of $613.1 million with respect to 10,937,900 shares of the Viacom, Inc. Class B common stock. Prepaid interest related to the secured forward exchange contract of $91.2 million, $118.1 million and $145.0 million was included in total assets at December 31, 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. |
(10) | Total debt includes both short-term and long-term debt and is related primarily to the construction of our Gaylord Palms and Gaylord Texan hotels and refinancing ResortQuests indebtedness. |
(11) | ADR refers to average daily rate per room in dollars. |
(12) | RevPAR refers to room revenues divided by room nights available to guests for the applicable period. RevPAR is not comparable to similarly titled measures such as revenues. |
(13) | Total RevPAR or Total Revenue per Available Room, is calculated by dividing the sum of room sales, food and beverage sales, and other ancillary services revenue (which equals hospitality segment revenues) by room nights available to guests for the applicable period. Total Revenue per Available Room is not comparable to similarly titled measures such as revenues. |
(14) | Gaylord Palms opened in February 2002. |
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RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider the risk factors set forth below as well as the other information contained in this prospectus and incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference before buying securities in this offering. The risks described below are not the only risks facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially and adversely affect our business operations. Any of the following risks could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Risks Relating to the Business of Gaylord
The successful implementation of our business strategy depends on our ability to generate cash flows from our existing operations and our new Texas hotel and other factors.
We have refocused our business strategy on the development of additional resort and convention center hotels in selected locations in the United States; on our attractions properties, including the Grand Ole Opry, which are focused primarily on the country music genre; and our recently acquired ResortQuest vacation rental and property management business. The success of our future operating results depends on our ability to implement our business strategy by successfully operating Gaylord Opryland and the Gaylord Palms and successfully operating the Gaylord Texan, which we opened on April 2, 2004, and by further exploiting our attractions assets and our vacation rental business. Our ability to do this depends upon many factors, some of which are beyond our control. These include:
| our ability to achieve positive cash flow from operations of our new Gaylord Texan within the anticipated ramp-up period; | |
| our ability to generate cash flows from existing operations; | |
| our ability to hire and retain hotel management, catering and convention-related staff for our hotels and staff for our vacation rental offices; | |
| our ability to capitalize on the strong brand recognition of certain of our Opry and Attractions assets; and | |
| the continued popularity and demand for country music. |
If we are unable to successfully implement the business strategies described above, our cash flows and net income may be reduced.
Our hotel and convention business and our vacation rental and property management business are subject to significant market risks.
Our ability to continue to successfully operate the Gaylord Opryland, the Gaylord Palms, and the new Gaylord Texan, and to operate our ResortQuest vacation rental business, is subject to factors beyond our control which could reduce the revenue and operating income of these properties. These factors include:
| the desirability and perceived attractiveness of the Nashville, Tennessee area; the Orlando, Florida area; and the Dallas, Texas area as tourist and convention destinations; | |
| adverse changes in the national economy and in the levels of tourism and convention business that would affect our hotels or vacation rental properties we manage; | |
| the hotel and convention business is highly competitive, and Gaylord Palms and our new Gaylord Texan hotel are operating in extremely competitive markets for convention and tourism business; |
10
| our group convention business is subject to reduced levels of demand during the year-end holiday periods, and we may not be able to attract sufficient general tourism guests to offset this seasonality; and | |
| the vacation rental and property management business is highly competitive and has low barriers to entry, and we compete primarily with local vacation rental and property management companies located in its markets, some of whom are affiliated with the owners or operators of resorts where these competitors provide their services or which may have lower cost structures and may provide their services at lower rates. |
Our recent acquisition of ResortQuest International, Inc., which we completed on November 20, 2003, involves substantial risks.
The ResortQuest acquisition involves the integration of two companies that previously have operated independently, which is a complex, costly and time-consuming process. The process of integrating operations could cause an interruption of, or loss of momentum in, the activities of the combined companys business and the loss of key personnel. The diversion of managements attention and any delays or difficulties encountered in connection with the ResortQuest acquisition and the integration of the two companies operations could harm the business, results of operations, financial condition or prospects of the combined company. In addition, we may be unable to achieve the anticipated cost savings from the ResortQuest acquisition for many reasons. Gaylord and ResortQuest have incurred substantial expenses, such as legal, accounting and financial advisor fees, in connection with the acquisition.
Unanticipated costs of hotels we open in new markets may reduce our operating income.
As part of our growth plans, we may open or acquire new hotels in geographic areas in which we have little or no operating experience and in which potential customers may not be familiar with our business. As a result, we may have to incur costs relating to the opening, operation and promotion of those new hotel properties that are substantially greater than those incurred in other areas. Even though we may incur substantial additional costs with these new hotel properties, they may attract fewer customers than our existing hotels. As a result, the results of operations at new hotel properties may be inferior to those of our existing hotels. The new hotels may even operate at a loss. Even if we are able to attract enough customers to our new hotel properties to operate them at a profit, it is possible that those customers could simply be moving future meetings or conventions from our existing hotel properties to our new hotel properties. Thus, the opening of a new hotel property could reduce the revenue of our existing hotel properties.
Our hotel development is subject to timing, budgeting and other risks.
We intend to develop additional hotel properties as suitable opportunities arise, taking into consideration the general economic climate. New project development has a number of risks, including risks associated with:
| construction delays or cost overruns that may increase project costs; | |
| construction defects or noncompliance with construction specifications; | |
| receipt of zoning, occupancy and other required governmental permits and authorizations; | |
| development costs incurred for projects that are not pursued to completion; | |
| so-called acts of God such as earthquakes, hurricanes, floods or fires that could delay the development of a project; |
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| the availability and cost of capital; and | |
| governmental restrictions on the nature or size of a project or timing of completion. |
Our development projects may not be completed on time or within budget.
Our real estate investments are subject to numerous risks.
Because we own hotels and attractions properties, we are subject to the risks that generally relate to investments in real property. The investment returns available from equity investments in real estate depend in large part on the amount of income earned and capital appreciation generated by the related properties, as well as the expenses incurred. In addition, a variety of other factors affect income from properties and real estate values, including governmental regulations, insurance, zoning, tax and eminent domain laws, interest rate levels and the availability of financing. For example, new or existing real estate zoning or tax laws can make it more expensive and/or time-consuming to develop real property or expand, modify or renovate properties. When interest rates increase, the cost of acquiring, developing, expanding or renovating real property increases and real property values may decrease as the number of potential buyers decreases. Similarly, as financing becomes less available, it becomes more difficult both to acquire and to sell real property. Finally, governments can, under eminent domain laws, take real property. Sometimes this taking is for less compensation than the owner believes the property is worth. Any of these factors could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations or financial condition. In addition, equity real estate investments, such as the investments we hold and any additional properties that we may acquire, are relatively difficult to sell quickly. If our properties do not generate revenue sufficient to meet operating expenses, including debt service and capital expenditures, our operating income will be reduced.
Our hotel and vacation rental properties are concentrated geographically and our revenues and operating income could be reduced by adverse conditions specific to our property locations.
Our existing hotel properties are located predominately in the southeastern United States. As a result, our business and our financial operating results may be materially affected by adverse economic, weather or business conditions in the Southeast. In addition, our ResortQuest vacation rental business manages properties that are significantly concentrated in beach and island resorts located in Florida and Hawaii and mountain resorts located in Colorado. Adverse events or conditions which affect these areas in particular, such as economic recession, changes in regional travel patterns, extreme weather conditions or natural disasters, may have an adverse impact on our ResortQuest operations.
Hospitality companies have been the target of class actions and other lawsuits alleging violations of federal and state law.
Our operating income may be reduced by legal or governmental proceedings brought by or on behalf of our employees or customers. In recent years, a number of hospitality companies have been subject to lawsuits, including class action lawsuits, alleging violations of federal and state law regarding workplace and employment matters, discrimination and similar matters. A number of these lawsuits have resulted in the payment of substantial damages by the defendants. Similar lawsuits have been instituted against us from time to time, and we may incur substantial damages and expenses resulting from lawsuits of this type, which could have a material adverse effect on our business.
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Our properties are subject to environmental regulations that could impose significant financial liability on us.
Environmental laws, ordinances and regulations of various federal, state, local and foreign governments regulate certain of our properties and could make us liable for the costs of removing or cleaning up hazardous or toxic substances on, under or in the properties we currently own or operate or those we previously owned or operated. Those laws could impose liability without regard to whether we knew of, or were responsible for, the presence of hazardous or toxic substances. The presence of hazardous or toxic substances, or the failure to properly clean up such substances when present, could jeopardize our ability to develop, use, sell or rent the real property or to borrow using the real property as collateral. If we arrange for the disposal or treatment of hazardous or toxic wastes, we could be liable for the costs of removing or cleaning up wastes at the disposal or treatment facility, even if we never owned or operated that facility. Other laws, ordinances and regulations could require us to manage, abate or remove lead- or asbestos-containing materials. Similarly, the operation and closure of storage tanks are often regulated by federal, state, local and foreign laws. Finally, certain laws, ordinances and regulations, particularly those governing the management or preservation of wetlands, coastal zones and threatened or endangered species, could limit our ability to develop, use, sell or rent our real property.
Any failure to attract, retain and integrate senior and managerial level executives could negatively impact our operations and development of our properties.
During 2001, we appointed a new Chairman and a new Chief Executive Officer and had numerous changes in senior management. Our future performance depends upon our ability to attract qualified senior executives and to retain their services. Our future financial results also will depend upon our ability to attract and retain highly skilled managerial and marketing personnel in our different areas of operation. Competition for qualified personnel is intense and is likely to increase in the future. We compete for qualified personnel against companies with significantly greater financial resources than ours.
We have certain minority equity interests over which we have no significant control, to or for which we may owe significant obligations and for which there is no market, and these investments may not be profitable.
We have certain minority investments which are not liquid and over which we have no rights, or ability, to exercise the direction or control of the respective enterprises. These include our equity interests in Viacom, Bass Pro and the Nashville Predators. When we make these investments, we sometimes extend guarantees related to such investments. For example, in connection with our investment in the Nashville Predators, we agreed to guarantee, severally and jointly with other investors, up to $15.0 million of specified obligations. The ultimate value of each of these investments will be dependent upon the efforts of others over an extended period of time. The nature of our interests and the absence of a market for those interests restricts our ability to dispose of them. Our lack of control over the management of these businesses and the lack of a market to sell our interest in these businesses may cause us to recognize a loss on our investment in these businesses. In addition, we may enter into joint venture arrangements. These arrangements are subject to uncertainties and risks, including those related to conflicting joint venture partner interests and to our joint venture partners failing to meet their financial or other obligations.
We are subject to risks relating to acts of God, terrorist activity and war.
Our operating income may be reduced by acts of God, such as natural disasters or acts of terror, in locations where we own and/or operate significant properties and areas of the world from which we draw a large number of customers. Some types of losses, such as from
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We face risks related to an SEC investigation.
In March 2003, we restated our historical financial statements for 2000, 2001 and the first nine months of 2002 to reflect certain non-cash changes, which resulted primarily from a change to our income tax accrual and a change in the manner in which we accounted for our investment in the Nashville Predators. We have been advised by the SEC staff that it is conducting a formal investigation into the financial results and transactions that were the subject of our restatement. The SEC staff is reviewing documents provided by us and our independent accountants and has taken or will take testimony from former and current employees of the Company. We have been cooperating with the SEC staff and intend to continue to do so. Nevertheless, if the SEC makes a determination adverse to us, we may face sanctions, including, but not limited to, monetary penalties and injunctive relief.
The hospitality industry and the vacation and property management industry are heavily regulated, including with respect to food and beverage sales, real estate brokerage licensing, employee relations and construction concerns, and compliance with these regulations could increase our costs and reduce our revenues and profits.
Our hotel operations are subject to numerous laws, including those relating to the preparation and sale of food and beverages, liquor service and health and safety of premises. Our vacation rental operations are also subject to licensing requirements applicable to real estate operations, laws and regulations relating to consumer protection and local ordinances. We are also subject to laws regulating our relationship with our employees in areas such as hiring and firing, minimum wage and maximum working hours, overtime and working conditions. The success of expanding our hotel operations also depends upon our obtaining necessary building permits and zoning variances from local authorities. Compliance with these laws is time intensive and costly and may reduce our revenues and operating income.
If vacation rental property owners do not renew a significant number of property management contracts, revenues and operating income from our ResortQuest vacation rental business would be reduced.
Through our ResortQuest vacation rental business, we provide rental and property management services to property owners pursuant to management contracts, which generally have one-year terms. The majority of such contracts contain automatic renewal provisions but also allow property owners to terminate the contract at any time. If property owners do not renew a significant number of management contracts or if we are unable to attract additional property owners, revenues and operating income for our ResortQuest business may be reduced. In addition, although most of its contracts are exclusive, industry standards in certain geographic markets dictate that rental services be provided on a non-exclusive basis.
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Risk Relating to our Leveraged Capital Structure
Our substantial debt could reduce our cash flow and limit our future business activities.
We currently have a significant amount of debt. As of December 31, 2003, we had $548.8 million of total debt, exclusive of our $613.1 million secured forward exchange contract, and stockholders equity of $904.5 million. Our substantial amount of debt could have important consequences to you. For example, it could:
| make it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations under our existing indebtedness; | |
| increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions; | |
| require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to make interest and principal payments on our debt, thereby limiting the availability of our cash flow to fund future capital expenditures, working capital and other general corporate requirements; | |
| limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the hospitality industry, which may place us at a competitive disadvantage compared with competitors that are less leveraged; and | |
| limit our ability to borrow additional funds, even when necessary to maintain adequate liquidity. |
In addition, the terms of our Nashville hotel loan, our new revolving credit facility and the indenture governing our 8% senior notes allow us to incur substantial amounts of additional debt subject to certain limitations. Any such additional debt could increase the risks associated with our substantial leverage. Our substantial leverage is evidenced by our earnings being insufficient to cover fixed charges by $71.8 million, $37.8 million and $167.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2001 and 2000.
To service our debt and pay other obligations, we will require a significant amount of cash, which may not be available to us.
Our ability to make payments on, or repay or refinance, our debt, including any future debt we may incur, and to fund planned capital expenditures will depend largely upon our future operating performance and our ability to generate cash from operations. Our future performance, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control. In addition, our ability to borrow funds in the future to make payments on our debt will depend on the satisfaction of the covenants and financial ratios in our Nashville hotel loan and our new revolving credit facility and our other debt agreements, including the indenture governing our 8% senior notes due 2013 and other agreements we may enter into in the future. Our business may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations or we may not have future borrowings available to us under our new revolving credit facility or from other sources in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our debt, or to fund our other liquidity needs.
In addition, we will be required to refinance our Nashville hotel loan ($199.2 million outstanding as of December 31, 2003), which matures in 2005, subject to extension to 2006, and our new revolving credit facility which matures in 2006. At the expiration of the secured forward exchange contract relating to shares of Viacom stock we own, we will be required to incur additional debt or use any cash on hand to pay the estimated $156.0 million deferred tax payable at that time. We cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance any of our debt, including our Nashville hotel loan and our new revolving credit facility or finance the deferred taxes on our Viacom stock on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If we were unable to
15
| sales of assets; | |
| sales of equity; and/or | |
| negotiations with our lenders to restructure the applicable debt. |
Our credit agreements, the indenture governing our 8% senior notes and the indenture governing any future debt securities we issue may restrict, and market or business conditions may limit, our ability to do some of these things.
The agreements governing our debt, including our 8% senior notes due 2013 and our senior secured loans, contain various covenants that limit our discretion in the operation of our business and could lead to acceleration of debt.
Our existing agreements, including our new revolving credit facility, our Nashville hotel loan and our 8% senior notes, impose, and future financing agreements are likely to impose, operating and financial restrictions on our activities. These restrictions require us to comply with or maintain certain financial tests and ratios, including minimum consolidated net worth, minimum interest coverage ratio and maximum leverage ratios, and limit or prohibit our ability to, among other things:
| incur additional debt and issue preferred stock; | |
| create liens; | |
| redeem and/or prepay certain debt; | |
| pay dividends on our stock to our stockholders or repurchase our stock; | |
| make certain investments; | |
| enter new lines of business; | |
| engage in consolidations, mergers and acquisitions; | |
| make certain capital expenditures; and | |
| require our subsidiaries to pay dividends and make other distributions to us. |
These restrictions on our ability to operate our business could seriously harm our business by, among other things, limiting our ability to take advantage of financing, merger and acquisition and other corporate opportunities.
Various risks, uncertainties and events beyond our control could affect our ability to comply with these covenants and maintain these financial tests and ratios. Failure to comply with any of the covenants in our existing or future financing agreements could result in a default under those agreements and under other agreements containing cross-default provisions. A default would permit lenders to accelerate the maturity for the debt under these agreements and to foreclose upon any collateral securing the debt. Under these circumstances, we might not have sufficient funds or other resources to satisfy all of our obligations. In addition, the limitations imposed by financing agreements on our ability to incur additional debt and to take other actions might significantly impair our ability to obtain other financing.
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Other Risks Related to an Investment in Our Common Stock
The market price for our common stock may be volatile, and fluctuations in our operating results and other factors may result in decreases in our stock price.
In recent periods, there has been significant volatility in the market price for our publicly traded common stock. In addition, the market price of our common stock could fluctuate substantially in the future in response to a number of factors, including the following:
| our quarterly operating results or the operating results of other hospitality companies; | |
| changes in general conditions in the economy, the financial markets or hospitality or vacation rental industry; | |
| changes in financial estimates or recommendations by stock market analysts regarding us or our competitors; | |
| announcements by us or our competitors of significant acquisitions; | |
| increases in labor and other costs; and | |
| natural disasters, riots, terrorist attacks or other developments affecting us or our competitors. |
In addition, in recent years the stock market has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations. This volatility has had a significant effect on the market prices of securities issued by many companies for reasons unrelated to their operating performance. These broad market fluctuations may materially adversely affect our stock price, regardless of our operating results.
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and Delaware law could make it difficult for a third party to acquire our company.
The Delaware General Corporation Law (DGCL) and our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that could delay, deter or prevent a change in control of our company or our management. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for you and other stockholders to elect directors and take other corporate actions. These provisions:
| authorize us to issue blank check preferred stock, which is preferred stock that can be created and issued by our board of directors, without stockholder approval, with rights senior to those of common stock; | |
| provide that directors may only be removed with cause by the affirmative vote of at least a majority of the votes of shares entitled to vote thereon; | |
| establish advance notice requirements for submitting nominations for election to the board of directors and for proposing matters that can be acted upon by stockholders at a meeting; | |
| provide that special meetings of stockholders may be called only by our chairman or by a majority of the members of our board of directors; | |
| impose restrictions on ownership of our common stock by non-United States persons due to our ownership of a radio station; and | |
| prohibit shareholder actions taken on written consent. |
We are also subject to anti-takeover provisions under Delaware law, which could also delay or prevent a change of control. Together, these provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and Delaware law may discourage transactions that otherwise could provide for the payment of a premium over prevailing market prices for publicly traded equity securities, and
17
Our issuance of preferred stock could adversely affect holders of our common stock and discourage a takeover.
Our board of directors has the power to issue up to 100.0 million shares of preferred stock without any action on the part of our stockholders. As of April 7, 2004, we had no shares of preferred stock outstanding. Our board of directors also has the power, without stockholder approval, to set the terms of any new series of preferred stock that may be issued, including voting rights, dividend rights, preferences over our common stock with respect to dividends or in the event of a dissolution, liquidation or winding up and other terms. In the event that we issue additional shares of preferred stock in the future that have preference over our common stock with respect to payment of dividends or upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, or if we issue preferred stock with voting rights that dilute the voting power of our common stock, the rights of the holders of our common stock or the market price of our common stock could be adversely affected. In addition, the ability of our board of directors to issue shares of preferred stock without any action on the part of our stockholders may impede a takeover of us and prevent a transaction favorable to our stockholders.
Future sales of our common stock in the public market could adversely affect our stock price and our ability to raise funds in new stock offerings.
Future sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that such sales could occur, could adversely affect prevailing market prices of our common stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through future offerings of equity securities. Upon completion of this offering, we intend to enter into a registration rights agreement with the remaining Gaylord family shareholders pursuant to which they may request a registration of their remaining common stock and sell their common stock in a public offering and may also participate in up to two offerings conducted by us, if any, under certain circumstances. Approximately 6.5 million shares will be subject to registration rights, of which approximately 3.5 million will be held by the selling stockholders.
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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The prospectus contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act, and Section 2lE of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. All statements other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements for purposes of federal and state securities laws. Forward-looking statements may include the words may, will, plans, estimates, anticipates, believes, expects, intends and similar expressions. Although we believe that such statements are based on reasonable assumptions, these forward-looking statements are subject to numerous factors, risks and uncertainties that could cause actual outcomes and results to be materially different from those projected or assumed in our forward-looking statements. These factors, risks and uncertainties include, among others, the following:
| the potential adverse effect of our debt on our cash flow and our ability to fulfill our obligations under our indebtedness and maintain adequate cash to finance our business; | |
| the availability of debt and equity financing on terms that are favorable to us; | |
| the challenges associated with the integration of ResortQuests operations into our operations; | |
| general economic and market conditions and economic and market conditions related to the hotel and large group meetings and convention industry; | |
| the timing, budgeting and other factors and risks relating to new hotel development, including our ability to generate cash flows from our new hotel in Grapevine, Texas; | |
| our restatement of our financial results and the related SEC investigation; and | |
| other risks that are described in Risk Factors. | |
Our actual results, performance or achievements could differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements. We can give no assurances that any of the events anticipated by the forward-looking statements will occur or, if any of them do, what impact they will have on our results of operations and financial condition. Except as required by law, we do not intend, and we undertake no obligation, to update any forward-looking statement. We urge you to review carefully Risk Factors in this prospectus for a more complete discussion of the risks of an investment in our securities.
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USE OF PROCEEDS
We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the shares of our common stock offered by the selling stockholders. All expenses relating to the offering will be paid by the selling stockholders including the underwriting commissions.
CAPITALIZATION
The following table sets forth cash and cash equivalents and capitalization as of December 31, 2003.
As of | ||||||
December 31, | ||||||
2003 | ||||||
(in millions) | ||||||
Unrestricted cash and cash equivalents
|
$ | 121.0 | ||||
Restricted cash and cash equivalents
|
37.7 | |||||
Total cash and cash equivalents
|
$ | 158.7 | ||||
Secured forward exchange contract(1)
|
$ | 613.1 | ||||
Long-term debt:
|
||||||
Gaylord Nashville senior secured debt due 2005(2)
|
199.2 | |||||
Revolving credit facility(3)
|
| |||||
Other debt
|
1.1 | |||||
8% senior notes due 2013
|
350.0 | |||||
Less marked-to-market derivatives
|
(1.5 | ) | ||||
Total long-term debt
|
548.8 | |||||
Total secured forward exchange contract and
long-term debt
|
1,161.9 | |||||
Total stockholders equity
|
904.5 | |||||
Total capitalization
|
$ | 2,066.4 | ||||
(1) | The secured forward exchange contract represents an obligation, the interest on which has been prepaid and the principal obligation of which may be satisfied by delivery of shares of Viacom stock that we own. |
(2) | The senior loan was scheduled to mature in March 2004. At our option, the senior loan could be extended for two additional one-year terms to March 2006, subject to our Gaylord Opryland operations meeting certain financial ratios and other criteria. We satisfied those criteria and extended the loan until March 2005. |
(3) | Approximately $11.3 million of letters of credit are outstanding under the new revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2003. |
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PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK AND DIVIDENDS
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol GET. The following table sets forth, for the calendar quarters indicated, the high and low sales prices for our common stock as reported by the NYSE for the last two years:
High | Low | ||||||||
2002
|
|||||||||
First Quarter
|
$ | 26.98 | $ | 22.10 | |||||
Second Quarter
|
29.26 | 21.76 | |||||||
Third Quarter
|
23.05 | 17.90 | |||||||
Fourth Quarter
|
21.35 | 16.16 | |||||||
2003
|
|||||||||
First Quarter
|
$ | 21.02 | $ | 16.55 | |||||
Second Quarter
|
24.44 | 17.10 | |||||||
Third Quarter
|
26.24 | 17.70 | |||||||
Fourth Quarter
|
30.60 | 24.55 | |||||||
2004
|
|||||||||
First Quarter
|
$ | 32.70 | $ | 28.25 | |||||
Second Quarter (through April 19, 2004)
|
31.31 | 29.34 |
On April 19, 2004, our last reported sale price on the NYSE was $29.85.
There were approximately 2,282 record holders of our common stock as of March 16, 2004.
We did not pay dividends on our common stock during the 2002 or 2003 fiscal years. We do not presently intend to declare any cash dividends. We intend to retain our earnings to fund the operation of our business, to service and repay our debt, and to make strategic investments as they arise. Moreover, the terms of our debt contain covenants that restrict our ability to pay dividends. Our board of directors may reevaluate this dividend policy in the future in light of our results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements, future prospects, loan agreements and other factors deemed relevant by our board.
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SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected historical financial information of Gaylord and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2003 was derived from our audited consolidated financial statements. The selected financial information as of December 31, 2000 and 1999 and for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2000 was derived from previously issued audited consolidated financial statements adjusted for unaudited revisions for discontinued operations. The information in the following table should be read in conjunction with Managements Discussion of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and our consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003. We acquired ResortQuest on November 20, 2003 and the results of operations of ResortQuest for the period from November 20, 2003 to December 31, 2003 are included in our results for the year ended December 31, 2003.
Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | 1999 | |||||||||||||||||||
Income Statement Data:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Hospitality
|
$ | 369,263 | $ | 339,380 | $ | 228,712 | $ | 237,260 | $ | 239,248 | |||||||||||||
Opry and Attractions
|
61,433 | 65,600 | 67,064 | 69,283 | 97,839 | ||||||||||||||||||
ResortQuest
|
17,920 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Corporate and Other
|
184 | 272 | 290 | 64 | 5,318 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues
|
448,800 | 405,252 | 296,066 | 306,607 | 342,405 | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating costs
|
276,937 | 254,583 | 201,299 | 210,018 | 220,088 | ||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative
|
117,178 | 108,732 | 67,212 | 89,052 | 74,004 | ||||||||||||||||||
Preopening costs(1)
|
11,562 | 8,913 | 15,927 | 5,278 | 1,892 | ||||||||||||||||||
Gain on sale of assets(2)
|
| (30,529 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Impairment and other charges
|
856 | (4) | | 14,262 | (4) | 75,660 | (4) | | |||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges
|
| (17 | )(5) | 2,182 | (5) | 12,952 | (5) | 2,786 | (5) | ||||||||||||||
Merger costs
|
| | | | (1,741 | )(9) | |||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Hospitality
|
46,536 | 44,924 | 25,593 | 24,447 | 22,828 | ||||||||||||||||||
Opry and Attractions
|
5,129 | 5,778 | 6,270 | 13,955 | 11,159 | ||||||||||||||||||
ResortQuest
|
1,186 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Corporate and Other
|
6,099 | 5,778 | 6,542 | 6,257 | 6,870 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total depreciation and amortization
|
58,950 | 56,480 | 38,405 | 44,659 | 40,857 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total operating expenses
|
465,483 | 398,162 | 339,287 | 437,619 | 337,886 | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating income (loss):
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Hospitality
|
42,347 | 25,972 | 34,270 | 45,478 | 43,859 | ||||||||||||||||||
Opry and Attractions
|
(600 | ) | 1,596 | (5,010 | ) | (44,413 | )(8) | (8,183 | ) | ||||||||||||||
ResortQuest
|
(2,616 | ) | | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Corporate and Other
|
(43,396 | ) | (42,111 | ) | (40,110 | ) | (38,187 | ) | (28,220 | ) | |||||||||||||
Preopening costs(1)
|
(11,562 | ) | (8,913 | ) | (15,927 | ) | (5,278 | ) | (1,892 | ) | |||||||||||||
Gain on sale of assets(2)
|
| 30,529 | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Impairment and other charges
|
(856 | )(4) | | (14,262 | )(4) | (75,660 | )(4) | |
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Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | 1999 | ||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges
|
| 17 | (5) | (2,182 | )(5) | (12,952 | )(5) | (2,786 | )(5) | |||||||||||||
Merger costs
|
| | | | 1,741 | (9) | ||||||||||||||||
Total operating income (loss)
|
(16,683 | ) | 7,090 | (43,221 | ) | (131,012 | ) | 4,519 | ||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized
|
(52,804 | ) | (46,960 | ) | (39,365 | ) | (30,307 | ) | (15,047 | ) | ||||||||||||
Interest income
|
2,461 | 2,808 | 5,554 | 4,046 | 5,922 | |||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on Viacom stock
|
39,831 | (37,300 | ) | 782 | | | ||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (loss) gain on derivatives, net
|
(33,228 | ) | 86,476 | 54,282 | | | ||||||||||||||||
Other gains and losses
|
2,209 | 1,163 | 2,661 | (3,514 | ) | 586,371 | (10)(11) | |||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations
before income taxes
|
(58,214 | ) | 13,277 | (19,307 | ) | (160,787 | ) | 581,765 | ||||||||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes
|
(24,669 | ) | 1,318 | (9,142 | ) | (52,331 | ) | 172,831 | ||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations
|
(33,545 | ) | 11,959 | (10,165 | ) | (108,456 | ) | 408,934 | ||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) from discontinued operations,
net of taxes(3)
|
34,371 | 85,757 | (48,833 | ) | (47,600 | ) | (15,280 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net of
taxes
|
| (2,572 | )(6) | 11,202 | (7) | | | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss)
|
$ | 826 | $ | 95,144 | $ | (47,796 | ) | $ | (156,056 | ) | $ | 393,654 | ||||||||||
Income (Loss) Per Share:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations
|
$ | (0.97 | ) | $ | 0.36 | $ | (0.30 | ) | $ | (3.25 | ) | $ | 12.42 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations
|
0.99 | 2.54 | (1.45 | ) | (1.42 | ) | (0.46 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change
|
| (0.08 | ) | 0.33 | | | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss)
|
$ | 0.02 | $ | 2.82 | $ | (1.42 | ) | $ | (4.67 | ) | $ | 11.96 | ||||||||||
Income (Loss) Per Share-Assuming
Dilution:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations
|
$ | (0.97 | ) | $ | 0.36 | $ | (0.30 | ) | $ | (3.25 | ) | $ | 12.31 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations
|
0.99 | 2.54 | (1.45 | ) | (1.42 | ) | (0.46 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change
|
| (0.08 | ) | 0.33 | | | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss)
|
$ | 0.02 | $ | 2.82 | $ | (1.42 | ) | $ | (4.67 | ) | $ | 11.85 | ||||||||||
Dividends per share
|
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 0.80 |
As of December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | 1999 | ||||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data:
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets
|
$ | 2,577,263 | $ | 2,178,691 | (10) | $ | 2,177,644 | (10 | ) $ | 1,930,805 | (1 | 0 | ) $1,741,215 | |||||||
Total debt
|
548,759 | (12) | 340,638 | (12) | 468,997 | (12) | 175,500 | 297,500 | ||||||||||||
Secured forward exchange contract
|
613,054 | (10) | 613,054 | (10) | 613,054 | (10) | 613,054 | (10) | | |||||||||||
Total stockholders equity
|
904,509 | 787,579 | 696,988 | 765,937 | 1,007,149 |
(1) | Preopening costs are related to the Gaylord Palms and the new Gaylord Texan hotel in Grapevine, Texas. Gaylord Palms opened in January 2002 and the Gaylord Texan opened on April 2, 2004. |
23
(2) | During 2002, the Company sold its one-third interest in the Opry Mills Shopping Center in Nashville, Tennessee and the related land lease interest between the Company and the Mills Corporation. | |
(3) | In August 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 144, the Company has presented the operating results and financial position of the following businesses as discontinued operations: WSM-FM and WWTN(FM); Word Entertainment; Acuff-Rose Music Publishing; GET Management, the Companys artist management business; Oklahoma RedHawks; the Companys international cable networks; the businesses sold to affiliates of The Oklahoma Publishing Company consisting of Pandora Films, Gaylord Films, Gaylord Sports Management, Gaylord Event Television and Gaylord Production Company; and the Companys water taxis. | |
(4) | Reflects the divestiture of certain businesses and reduction in the carrying values of certain assets. The components of the impairment and other charges related to continuing operations for the years ended December 31 are as follows: |
2003 | 2001 | 2000 | |||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Programming, film and other content
|
$ | 856 | $ | 6,858 | $ | 7,410 | |||||||
Gaylord Digital and other technology investments
|
| 4,576 | 48,127 | ||||||||||
Property and equipment
|
| 2,828 | 3,397 | ||||||||||
Orlando-area Wildhorse Saloon
|
| | 15,854 | ||||||||||
Other
|
| | 872 | ||||||||||
Total impairment and other charges
|
$ | 856 | $ | 14,262 | $ | 75,660 | |||||||
(5) | Related primarily to employee severance and contract termination costs. | |
(6) | Reflects the cumulative effect of the change in accounting method related to adopting the provisions of SFAS No. 142. The Company recorded an impairment loss related to impairment of the goodwill of the Radisson Hotel at Opryland. The impairment loss was $4.2 million, less taxes of $1.6 million. | |
(7) | Reflects the cumulative effect of the change in accounting method related to recording the derivatives associated with the secured forward exchange contract at fair value as of January 1, 2001, of $18.3 million less a related deferred tax provision of $7.1 million. | |
(8) | Includes operating losses of $27.5 million related to Gaylord Digital, the Companys Internet initiative, and operating losses of $6.1 million related to country record label development, both of which were closed during 2000. | |
(9) | The merger costs relate to the reversal of merger costs associated with the October 1, 1997 merger when TNN and CMT were acquired by CBS. |
(10) | 1999 results of operations include a pretax gain of $459.3 million on the divestiture of television station KTVT in Dallas-Ft. Worth in exchange for CBS Series B preferred stock (which was later converted into 11,003,000 shares of Viacom, Inc. Class B common stock), $4.2 million of cash, and other consideration. The CBS Series B preferred stock was included in total assets at its market value of $648.4 million at December 31, 1999. The Viacom, Inc. Class B common stock was included in total assets at its market values of $488.3 million, $448.5 million, $485.8 million and $514.4 million at December 31, 2003, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. During 2000, the Company entered into a seven-year forward exchange contract for a notional amount of $613.1 million with respect to 10,937,900 shares of the Viacom, Inc. Class B common stock. Prepaid interest related to the secured forward exchange contract of $91.2 million, $118.1 million, $145.0 million and $171.9 million was included in total assets at December 31, 2003, 2002, 2001 and 2000 respectively. |
(11) | In 1995, the Company sold its cable television systems. Net proceeds were $198.8 million in cash and a note receivable with a face amount of $165.7 million, which was recorded at $150.7 million, net of a $15.0 million discount. As part of the sale transaction, the Company also received contractual equity participation rights (the Rights) equal to 15% of the net distributable proceeds from future asset sales. During 1998, the Company collected the full amount of the note receivable and recorded a pretax gain of $15.0 million related to the note receivable discount. During 1999, the Company received cash and recognized a pretax gain of $129.9 million representing the value of the Rights. The proceeds from the note receivable prepayment and the Rights were used to reduce outstanding bank indebtedness. |
(12) | Related primarily to the construction of the Gaylord Palms and the new Gaylord Texan. |
24
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
Results of Operations for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2003
Our Current Operations |
Our operations are organized into four principal businesses:
| Hospitality, consisting of our Gaylord Opryland Resort and Convention Center, our Gaylord Palms Resort and Convention Center, our Radisson Hotel at Opryland and our new Gaylord Texan Resort and Convention Center on Lake Grapevine. | |
| Opry and Attractions, consisting of our Grand Ole Opry assets and our Nashville attractions. | |
| ResortQuest, consisting of our vacation rental property management business. | |
| Corporate and Other, consisting of our ownership interests in certain entities including our corporate expenses. |
During 2003, 2002, and 2001, we disposed of certain businesses, which have been classified as discontinued operations and are described in more detail below.
During the third quarter of 2003, we completed a sale of the assets primarily used in the operation of WSM-FM and WWTN(FM) (collectively, the Radio Operations). The Radio Operations were previously included in a fourth business segment, media, along with WSM-AM. Due to the Radio Operations now being included in discontinued operations, WSM-AM is now grouped in the Opry and Attractions business segment for all periods presented.
The acquisition of ResortQuest was completed on November 20, 2003. The results of operations of ResortQuest for the period November 20, 2003 to December 31, 2003 are included in the results discussed below.
For the years ended December 31, our total revenues from continuing operations were divided among these businesses as follows:
Business | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 | |||||||||
Hospitality
|
82% | 84% | 77% | |||||||||
Opry and Attractions
|
14% | 16% | 23% | |||||||||
ResortQuest
|
4% | 0% | 0% | |||||||||
Corporate and Other
|
0% | 0% | 0% |
We generate a significant portion of our revenues from our Hospitality business. We believe that we are the only hospitality company focused primarily on the large group meetings and conventions sector of the lodging market. Our strategy is to continue this focus by concentrating on our All-in-One-Place self-contained service offerings and by emphasizing customer rotation among our convention properties, while also offering additional vacation and entertainment opportunities to guests and target customers through the Opry and Attractions and ResortQuest businesses.
Our concentration in the hospitality industry, and in particular the large group meetings sector of the hospitality industry, exposes us to certain risks outside of our control. General economic conditions, particularly national and global economic conditions, can affect the number and size of meetings and conventions attending our hotels. Our business is also exposed to risks related to tourism, including terrorist attacks and other global events which affect levels of tourism in the United States and, in particular, the areas of the country in which
25
Key Performance Indicators; Hotel Industry Metrics |
As a hospitality-based company, our operating results are highly dependent on the volume of customers at our hotels and the quality of the customer mix at our hotels. These factors impact the price we can charge for our hotel rooms and other amenities such as food and beverages and meeting space at the resorts. Key performance indicators related to revenue are:
| hotel occupancy (volume indicator); | |
| average daily rate (ADR) (price indicator); | |
| Revenue per Available Room (RevPAR) (a summary measure of hotel results calculated by dividing room sales by room nights available to guests for the period); and | |
| Total Revenue per Available Room (Total RevPAR) (a summary measure of hotel results calculated by dividing the sum of room sales, food and beverage sales and other ancillary services revenue (which equals hospitality segment revenues) by room nights available to guests for the period). |
We recognize revenue from rooms as earned on the close of business each day and from concessions and food and beverage sales at the time of sale. Almost all of our revenues are either cash-based or, for meeting and convention groups meeting our credit criteria, billed and collected on a short-term receivables basis. Our industry is capital intensive, and we rely on the ability of our resorts to generate operating cash flow to repay debt financing, fund maintenance capital expenditures and provide excess cash flow for future development.
Our results of operations are affected by the number and type of group meetings and conventions scheduled to attend our hotels in a given period. We attempt to offset any identified shortfalls in occupancy by creating special events at our hotels or offering incentives to groups in order to attract increased business during this period. A variety of factors can affect the results of any interim period, including the nature and quality of the group meetings and conventions attending our hotels during such period, which have often been contracted for several years in advance, and the level of transient business at our hotels during such period.
Overall Outlook |
We have invested heavily in our operations in 2003 and 2002, primarily in connection with the opening of the Gaylord Palms in 2002, the continued construction of the Gaylord Texan in 2003 and the ResortQuest acquisition, which was consummated in November 2003. Subsequent to the completion of the Gaylord Texan in April 2004, our investments in 2004 will consist primarily of ongoing capital improvements rather than construction commitments. We believe that the Gaylord Texan will have an impact on our operating results in 2004, given that it is currently expected to be in operation for over eight months of the fiscal year.
We also believe that a full year of operations of our ResortQuest subsidiary will impact our financial results. Only the results of operations of ResortQuest from the period November 20, 2003 to December 31, 2003 have been included in our historical financial results.
As previously announced, we have plans to develop a Gaylord hotel and have a contract to purchase property on the Potomac River in Prince Georges County, Maryland (in the Washington, D.C. market), subject to market conditions, the availability of financing, resolution of certain zoning issues and approval by our board of directors. We also are considering other potential sites. The timing and extent of any of these development projects is uncertain.
26
Selected Financial Information |
The following table contains our selected financial information for each of the three years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001. The table also shows the percentage relationships to total revenues and, in the case of segment operating income, its relationship to segment revenues.
The acquisition of ResortQuest was completed on November 20, 2003. The results of operations of ResortQuest for the period November 20, 2003 to December 31, 2003 are included in the results discussed below.
Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2003 | % | 2002 | % | 2001 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Income Statement Data:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hospitality
|
$ | 369,263 | 82.3 | $ | 339,380 | 83.7 | $ | 228,712 | 77.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Opry and Attractions
|
61,433 | 13.7 | 65,600 | 16.2 | 67,064 | 22.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
ResortQuest
|
17,920 | 4.0 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate and Other
|
184 | | 272 | 0.1 | 290 | 0.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues
|
448,800 | 100.0 | 405,252 | 100.0 | 296,066 | 100.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating costs
|
276,937 | 61.7 | 254,583 | 62.8 | 201,299 | 68.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Selling, general and administrative
|
117,178 | 26.1 | 108,732 | 26.8 | 67,212 | 22.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Preopening costs
|
11,562 | 2.6 | 8,913 | 2.2 | 15,927 | 5.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Gain on sale of assets
|
| | (30,529 | ) | (7.5 | ) | | | |||||||||||||||||||
Impairment and other charges
|
856 | 0.2 | | | 14,262 | 4.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges
|
| | (17 | ) | | 2,182 | 0.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hospitality
|
46,536 | 10.4 | 44,924 | 11.1 | 25,593 | 8.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Opry and Attractions
|
5,129 | 1.1 | 5,778 | 1.4 | 6,270 | 2.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
ResortQuest
|
1,186 | 0.3 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate and Other
|
6,099 | 1.4 | 5,778 | 1.4 | 6,542 | 2.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total depreciation and amortization
|
58,950 | 13.1 | 56,480 | 13.9 | 38,405 | 13.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total operating expenses
|
465,483 | 103.7 | 398,162 | 98.3 | 339,287 | 114.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Operating income (loss):
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Hospitality
|
42,347 | 11.5 | 25,972 | 7.7 | 34,270 | 15.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Opry and Attractions
|
(600 | ) | (1.0 | ) | 1,596 | 2.4 | (5,010 | ) | (7.5 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
ResortQuest
|
(2,616 | ) | (14.6 | ) | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||
Corporate and Other
|
(43,396 | ) | (A | ) | (42,111 | ) | (A | ) | (40,110 | ) | (A | ) | |||||||||||||||
Preopening costs
|
(11,562 | ) | (B | ) | (8,913 | ) | (B | ) | (15,927 | ) | (B | ) | |||||||||||||||
Gain on sale of assets
|
| (B | ) | 30,529 | (B | ) | | (B | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Impairment and other charges
|
(856 | ) | (B | ) | | (B | ) | (14,262 | ) | (B | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges
|
| (B | ) | 17 | (B | ) | (2,182 | ) | (B | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Total operating income (loss)
|
(16,683 | ) | (3.7 | ) | 7,090 | 1.7 | (43,221 | ) | (14.6 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized
|
(52,804 | ) | (C | ) | (46,960 | ) | (C | ) | (39,365 | ) | (C | ) | |||||||||||||||
Interest income
|
2,461 | (C | ) | 2,808 | (C | ) | 5,554 | (C | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on Viacom stock and derivatives,
net
|
6,603 | (C | ) | 49,176 | (C | ) | 55,064 | (C | ) |
27
Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2003 | % | 2002 | % | 2001 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
Other gains and (losses), net
|
2,209 | (C | ) | 1,163 | (C | ) | 2,661 | (C | ) | |||||||||||||||
(Provision) benefit for income taxes
|
24,669 | (C | ) | (1,318 | ) | (C | ) | 9,142 | (C | ) | ||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on discontinued operations, net
|
34,371 | (C | ) | 85,757 | (C | ) | (48,833 | ) | (C | ) | ||||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of accounting change, net
|
| (C | ) | (2,572 | ) | (C | ) | 11,202 | (C | ) | ||||||||||||||
Net income (loss)
|
$ | 826 | (C | ) | $ | 95,144 | (C | ) | $ | (47,796 | ) | (C | ) | |||||||||||
(A) | These amounts have not been shown as a percentage of segment revenue because the Corporate and Other segment generates only minimal revenue. | |
(B) | These amounts have not been shown as a percentage of segment revenue because the Company does not associate them with any individual segment in managing the Company. | |
(C) | These amounts have not been shown as a percentage of total revenue because they have no relationship to total revenue. |
Summary Financial Results |
The following table summarizes our results of operations for the years ended 2003, 2002 and 2001:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
Percentage | Percentage | |||||||||||||||||||
2003 | Change | 2002 | Change | 2001 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except percentages and per share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues
|
$ | 448,800 | 10.7% | $ | 405,252 | 36.9% | $ | 296,066 | ||||||||||||
Total operating expenses
|
465,483 | 16.9% | 398,162 | 17.4% | 339,287 | |||||||||||||||
Operating income (loss)
|
(16,683 | ) | (335.3% | ) | 7,090 | 116.4% | (43,221 | ) | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations
|
(33,545 | ) | (380.5% | ) | 11,959 | 217.6% | (10,165 | ) | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations per
share fully diluted
|
(0.97 | ) | (369.4% | ) | 0.36 | 220.0% | (0.30 | ) |
2003 Results |
The Companys total revenues in 2003 increased 10.7% from 2002 primarily due to an increase in Hospitality revenues. The Companys income from continuing operations during the year ended 2003 decreased from the year ended 2002 primarily as a result of a decline in operating income caused by:
| A one-time gain of $30.5 million recognized in 2002 as a result of the sale of our Opry Mills investment, which increased our 2002 operating income by a corresponding amount. | |
| An additional $2.6 million in preopening costs over 2002 primarily related to a $7.3 million increase in preopening costs at the Gaylord Texan and a $4.5 million decrease in preopening costs at the Gaylord Palms. | |
| An additional $2.5 million in our depreciation and amortization expense in 2003 due to additional capital expenditures and the acquisition of ResortQuest. | |
| A loss of $2.6 million from the operations of ResortQuest from the period from November 20, 2003 to December 31, 2003. |
28
Also contributing to our loss from continuing operations in 2003 were:
| The recognition of a net unrealized gain on our investment in Viacom stock and the related secured forward exchange contract of $6.6 million in 2003, as compared to a net unrealized gain of $49.2 million in 2002. | |
| A $5.8 million increase in our interest expense in 2003 primarily due to the costs associated with refinancing our indebtedness and repaying the debt of ResortQuest, as well as additional amounts of debt outstanding. |
Serving to lessen the impact of the items described above was an 8.8% increase in Hospitality revenue in 2003, although such increase was partially offset by an 8.8% increase in our operating costs and a 7.8% increase in our selling general and administrative expenses.
2002 Results |
In 2002, income from continuing operations increased from 2001 primarily as a result of the one-time gain from the sale of our Opry Mills investment and a significant reduction in the amount of restructuring charges and impairment and other charges as compared to 2001. However, total revenues also increased 36.9% in 2002 as a result of an increase in Hospitality revenues caused by the opening of the Gaylord Palms. This increase in total revenues was offset partially by a 17.4% increase in operating expenses in 2002, consisting primarily of increases in operating costs, selling, general and administrative expenses, and depreciation and amortization expense related to the opening of the Gaylord Palms.
Per Share Results |
Results on a per share basis in 2003 were impacted by a higher weighted average number of shares outstanding, due to the issuance of 5,318,363 shares on November 20, 2003 in connection with the ResortQuest acquisition.
Operating Results |
The following table includes key information about our operating results:
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||
Percentage | Percentage | ||||||||||||||||||||
2003 | Change | 2002 | Change | 2001 | |||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except percentages) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues
|
$ | 448,800 | 10.7 | % | $ | 405,252 | 36.9 | % | $ | 296,066 | |||||||||||
Operating expenses:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Operating costs
|
276,937 | 8.8 | % | 254,583 | 26.5 | % | 201,299 | ||||||||||||||
Selling, general and admin.
|
117,178 | 7.8 | % | 108,732 | 61.8 | % | 67,212 | ||||||||||||||
Preopening costs
|
11,562 | 29.7 | % | 8,913 | (44.0 | )% | 15,927 | ||||||||||||||
Gain on sale of assets
|
| | (30,529 | ) | | | |||||||||||||||
Impairment and other charges
|
856 | | | | 14,262 | ||||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges
|
| | (17 | ) | (100.8 | )% | 2,182 | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization
|
58,950 | 4.4 | % | 56,480 | 47.1 | % | 38,405 | ||||||||||||||
Operating income (loss)
|
$ | (16,683 | ) | (335.3 | )% | $ | 7,090 | 116.4 | % | $ | (43,221 | ) | |||||||||
29
The most important factors and trends contributing to our operating performance over the last three years have been:
| An improvement in the operating performance of our hotels as compared to previous periods. | |
| Improved food and beverage, banquet and catering services at our hotels, which have increased our Total Revenue per Available Room at our hotels. | |
| The impact of the opening of the Gaylord Palms in 2002 on our total revenues and the accompanying increase in our total operating expenses. | |
| Our ongoing assessment of operations and the related incurrence of restructuring charges to streamline those operations. | |
| Our re-evaluation of the carrying values of certain assets and the related incurrence of impairment charges related to these assets. | |
| The ResortQuest acquisition, which was completed on November 20, 2003. | |
| Preopening costs associated with the Gaylord Palms and the Gaylord Texan. |
The factors described above, particularly the increase in Hospitality revenues associated with improved operations at the Gaylord Palms and Gaylord Opryland, and the inclusion of ResortQuests revenues for the period from November 20, 2003 to December 31, 2003, led to the increase in our total revenue in 2003. The increase in total revenue in 2002 as compared to 2001 is primarily attributable to the opening of the Gaylord Palms in 2002.
Excluding the one-time $30.5 million gain recognized on the sale of our interests in Opry Mills in 2002, operating loss improved 28.8% due to the increase in our total revenues and a reduction in the rate of growth of our operating costs.
Excluding the one-time $30.5 million gain recognized on the sale of our interests in Opry Mills in 2002 and our impairment and restructuring charges our operating loss improved 12.4% from 2001 to 2002 due primarily to the opening of the Gaylord Palms. In analyzing operating loss in 2001 compared to income from operations in 2002, we believe it is appropriate to eliminate the effect of the one-time gain on sale of the Opry Mills interest because it is non-recurring, because the gain or loss on sale of discontinued operations is not included in operating income (loss) and because considering operating loss after eliminating this item gives a more accurate comparison of the operating performance of our business for the periods.
Operating Results Detailed Revenue Information |
The following presents detail of our net revenues:
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||
Percentage | Percentage | ||||||||||||||||||||
2003 | Change | 2002 | Change | 2001 | |||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except percentages) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Hospitality revenue
|
$ | 369,263 | 8.8 | % | $ | 339,380 | 48.4 | % | $ | 228,712 | |||||||||||
Opry and Attractions revenue
|
61,433 | (6.4 | )% | 65,600 | (2.2 | )% | 67,064 | ||||||||||||||
ResortQuest revenue
|
17,920 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Corporate and other revenue
|
184 | (32.4 | )% | 272 | (6.2 | )% | 290 | ||||||||||||||
Total revenues
|
$ | 448,800 | 10.7 | % | $ | 405,252 | 36.9 | % | $ | 296,066 | |||||||||||
The growth in our total revenues in both 2003 and 2002 was driven primarily by a growth in Hospitality revenues during such periods. Total revenues also increased in 2003, as compared to 2002, as a result of the inclusion of the revenues of ResortQuest from the period
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Hospitality Revenue |
Hospitality revenue increased in 2003 as compared to 2002 due to the improved property-level performance at the Gaylord Palms and Gaylord Opryland as a result of an increase in food and beverage and other ancillary revenues, as well as a result of an increase in RevPAR due to increased occupancy levels. The term other ancillary revenues means non-room revenue other than food and beverage and consists primarily of revenue from banquets and other events hosted by the hotel, gift shop and other miscellaneous sales. Property-level revenue increased in 2003 as a result of changes to our group sales strategy in 2002 compared to 2001. These changes included a refocused sales effort on the defined target customer, a revamped incentive program for our sales executives, as well as a new focus on rotating group meetings between the Gaylord Palms and Gaylord Opryland. Hospitality revenue increased in 2002 as compared to 2001 primarily due to the opening of the Gaylord Palms in January 2002. The following table presents details of the revenues, and the key revenue drivers, of our Hospitality business as a whole, Gaylord Opryland and Gaylord Palms:
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||
Percentage | Percentage | ||||||||||||||||||||
2003 | Change | 2002 | Change | 2001 | |||||||||||||||||
Hospitality business(1):
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues (in thousands)
|
$ | 369,263 | 8.8 | % | $ | 339,380 | 48.4 | % | $ | 228,712 | |||||||||||
Occupancy
|
72.2 | % | 7.4 | % | 67.2 | % | (3.3 | )% | 69.5 | % | |||||||||||
Average daily rate
|
$ | 142.57 | (2.4 | )% | $ | 146.07 | 8.1 | % | $ | 135.15 | |||||||||||
RevPAR(2)
|
$ | 102.86 | 4.8 | % | $ | 98.18 | 4.4 | % | $ | 94.00 | |||||||||||
Total RevPAR(3)
|
$ | 220.44 | 8.3 | % | $ | 203.60 | 3.5 | % | $ | 196.62 | |||||||||||
Gaylord Opryland:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues (in thousands)
|
$ | 215,265 | 4.4 | % | $ | 206,132 | (7.1 | )% | $ | 221,932 | |||||||||||
Occupancy
|
72.4 | % | 5.6 | % | 68.6 | % | (2.4 | )% | 70.3 | % | |||||||||||
Average daily rate
|
$ | 137.47 | (3.6 | )% | $ | 142.58 | 1.6 | % | $ | 140.33 | |||||||||||
RevPAR(2)
|
$ | 99.59 | 1.8 | % | $ | 97.80 | (0.9 | )% | $ | 98.65 | |||||||||||
Total RevPAR (3)
|
$ | 204.75 | 4.5 | % | $ | 195.97 | (7.1 | )% | $ | 211.01 | |||||||||||
Gaylord Palms:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues (in thousands)
|
$ | 146,800 | 16.1 | % | $ | 126,473 | | $ | | ||||||||||||
Occupancy
|
72.3 | % | 11.5 | % | 64.8 | % | | | |||||||||||||
Average Daily Rate
|
$ | 165.79 | (1.7 | )% | $ | 168.65 | | $ | | ||||||||||||
RevPAR(2)
|
$ | 119.87 | 9.6 | % | $ | 109.37 | | $ | | ||||||||||||
Total RevPAR(3)
|
$ | 286.05 | 13.8 | % | $ | 251.26 | | $ | |
(1) | The results of our Hospitality business include the results of our Radisson Hotel at Opryland, located in Nashville, Tennessee. |
(2) | The Company calculates RevPAR by dividing room sales for comparable properties by room nights available to guests for the applicable period. RevPAR is not comparable to similarly titled measures such as revenues. |
(3) | The Company calculates Total Revenue per Available Room (Total RevPAR) by dividing the sum of room sales, food and beverage sales, and other ancillary services revenue (which equals hospitality segment revenues) by room nights available to guests for the applicable period. Total Revenue per Available Room is not comparable to similarly titled measures such as revenues. |
31
Gaylord Opryland. The increase in Gaylord Opryland revenue in 2003 as compared to 2002 is due to improved occupancy at the hotel. Despite rate pressure caused by customer mix, the increase in hotel occupancy led to an increase in 2003 RevPAR. In addition, favorable food and beverage and other ancillary revenue contributed to the increase in Total RevPAR in 2003. The decline in revenue at the hotel in 2002 as compared to 2001 is due to the reduced occupancy levels at the hotel throughout 2002. Despite an improved average daily rate in 2002 due to more favorable group room pricing, the decline in occupancy led to a decline in 2002 RevPAR at the hotel. In addition, this lower occupancy contributed to a decline in food and beverage and other ancillary revenue at the hotel, resulting in the decline in Total RevPAR in 2002.
Gaylord Palms. The increase in Gaylord Palms revenue in 2003 as compared to 2002, its first year of operation, is primarily due to improved occupancy at the hotel during the first half of 2003 as well as improved rates at the hotel during the first quarter of 2003. Although average daily rate decreased in 2003 due to less favorable group room pricing throughout the second half of the year, this increase in occupancy (driven by improved group bookings and an increase in transient guests) led to an increase in 2003 RevPAR at the hotel. In addition, increased customer utilization of food and beverage and other ancillary services at the hotel contributed to the increase in Total Revenue per Available Room from 2002.
Opry and Attractions Revenue |
The decrease in Opry and Attractions revenues in 2003 and 2002, as compared to the previous year, was primarily a result of a decrease in the revenue of Corporate Magic, a company specializing in the production of creative events in the corporate entertainment marketplace, of $7.8 million in 2003 and $5.1 million in 2002. This reduction was caused by reduced spending by corporate customers as a result of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 and the resulting downturn in the economy, which reduced demand for corporate events. The decrease in revenue of Corporate Magic was partially offset by an increase in revenues of the Grand Ole Opry of $2.3 million in 2003 (to $18.3 million) and $2.5 million (to $15.9 million) in 2002. The Grand Ole Opry revenue increase is due to an increase in popular performers appearing on the Grand Ole Opry and a resulting increase in attendance.
ResortQuest Revenue |
On November 20, 2003, we completed our acquisition of ResortQuest. Accordingly, our total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003 include the revenues of ResortQuest from the period November 20, 2003 to December 31, 2003. Our ResortQuest group receives property management fees when the properties are rented, which are generally a percentage of the rental price of the vacation property. Management fees range from approximately 3% to over 40% of gross lodging revenues collected based upon the type of services provided by us to the property owner and the type of rental units managed. We also recognize other revenues primarily related to real estate broker commissions, food & beverage sales and software and maintenance sales.
Corporate and Other Revenue |
The decline in Corporate and Other revenue in 2003 and 2002, which consists of corporate sponsorships and rental income, is primarily due to reductions in sponsorship revenues from Opry Mills, which was divested in the second quarter of 2002.
Operating Results Detailed Operating Expense Information |
The 16.9% increase in total operating expenses in 2003 can be attributed to an increase in our operating costs, driven primarily by increases in our preopening costs, depreciation and
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| Operating costs, as a percentage of revenues, decreased to 61.7% during 2003 as compared to 62.8% during 2002. | |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses, as a percentage of revenues, decreased to 26.1% during 2003 from 26.8% in 2002. |
These decreases are primarily the result of improved operational efficiency at our hotels. Excluding the gain on sale of assets, the impairment and other charges and restructuring charges from both periods, total operating expenses increased $35.9 million, or 8.4%, to $464.6 million in 2003 as compared to 2002.
Operating Costs |
Operating costs consist of direct costs associated with the daily operations of our core assets, primarily the room, food and beverage and convention costs in Hospitality. Operating costs also include the direct costs associated with the operations of our other business units. Operating costs increased in both 2003 and 2002 due to increases in Hospitality operating costs. Operating costs for each of our businesses are discussed below.
Hospitality operating costs. Hospitality operating costs were as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||
Percentage | Percentage | ||||||||||||||||||||
2003 | Change | 2002 | Change | 2001 | |||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except percentages) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total Hospitality
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Operating Costs:
|
$ | 215,900 | 3.5 | % | $ | 208,500 | 49.0 | % | $ | 139,900 | |||||||||||
Gaylord Opryland
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Operating Costs:
|
131,000 | 1.0 | % | 129,700 | (5.1 | )% | 136,600 | ||||||||||||||
Gaylord Palms
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Operating Costs:
|
81,700 | 8.6 | % | 75,200 | | |
Hospitality operating costs increased in 2003, as compared to 2002, primarily due to increased utilization of services at the Gaylord Opryland and the Gaylord Palms. The 2002 increase in Hospitality operating costs is primarily due to the opening of Gaylord Palms in January 2002, although such increase was partially offset by a decrease in operating costs at Gaylord Opryland due to the reduced levels of occupancy, and corresponding reductions in variable expenses, at the hotel during the year.
Opry and Attractions operating costs. Opry and Attractions operating costs decreased $0.2 million, or 0.5%, to $39.3 million in 2003. Although the operating costs of the Grand Ole Opry increased $2.9 million in 2003 in response to increased revenues, the operating costs of Corporate Magic decreased $5.6 million to $7.5 million in 2003, as compared to 2002. This decrease is due to Corporate Magics lower revenue and certain cost saving measures taken by the Company during 2003.
Operating costs in the Opry and Attractions group decreased $11.2 million, or 22.0%, to $39.5 million in 2002. The operating costs of Corporate Magic decreased $7.6 million, to $13.2 million in 2002, as compared to 2001 primarily due to the lower revenue and certain cost saving measures taken by the Company during 2002. The operating costs of the Grand Ole Opry and the General Jackson Showboat decreased $1.0 million in 2002 due to cost saving measures.
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ResortQuest operating costs. Operating costs for ResortQuest during the period from November 20, 2003 to December 31, 2003 were $13.4 million.
Corporate and other operating costs. Corporate and Other operating costs increased $1.7 million, or 25.4%, to $8.3 million in 2003 as compared to 2002 due primarily to changes in our long-term incentive plan compensation program and changes to the actuarial assumptions used in our pension plan. Corporate and Other operating costs decreased $4.1 million, or 38.4%, to $6.6 million in 2002 as compared to 2001 due to the elimination of unnecessary management levels and overhead at the hotels identified in our 2001 Strategic Assessment.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses |
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist of administrative and overhead costs. Selling, general, and administrative expenses increased $8.4 million, or 7.8%, to $117.2 million in 2003, primarily due to increases in Hospitality selling, general and administrative expenses described below.
Hospitality selling, general and administrative expenses. Hospitality selling, general and administrative expenses were as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||
Percentage | Percentage | ||||||||||||||||||||
2003 | Change | 2002 | Change | 2001 | |||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except percentages) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total hospitality
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
SG&A expenses:
|
$ | 64,500 | 7.5% | $ | 60,000 | 107.6% | $ | 28,900 | |||||||||||||
Gaylord Opryland
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
G&A expenses:
|
31,700 | 6.0% | 29,900 | 8.3% | 27,600 | ||||||||||||||||
Gaylord Palms
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
SG&A expenses:
|
31,300 | 6.8% | 29,300 | | |
The increase in Gaylord Oprylands selling, general and administrative expenses in 2003 and 2002 is due primarily to an increase in sales efforts at the hotel and advertising to promote the special events held at the hotel in these years. The increase in Gaylord Palms selling, general and administrative expenses in 2003 is due to an increase in sales efforts at the hotel and an increase in special events advertising, while the 2002 increase is primarily due to the opening of the Gaylord Palms in January 2002.
Opry and Attractions selling, general and administrative expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses in Opry and Attractions decreased $1.1 million, or 5.9%, to $17.6 million in 2003. This decrease is primarily due to a $0.9 million decrease at Corporate Magic due to decreased revenues in 2003.
Opry and Attractions selling, general and administrative expenses increased $3.6 million, or 23.7%, to $18.7 million in 2002. This increase was partially due to increases in selling, general and administrative expenses for the General Jackson Showboat (an increase of $1.4 million, to $1.9 million) due to increased labor costs associated with additional revenue and increased management support during 2002. Also, selling, general, and administrative expenses increased $1.3 million to $5.5 million at the Grand Ole Opry due to an increase in revenue.
ResortQuest selling, general and administrative expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses for ResortQuest during the period from November 20, 2003 to December 31, 2003 were $5.9 million.
Corporate and other selling, general and administrative expenses. Corporate and Other selling, general and administrative expenses, consist primarily of the Gaylord Entertainment Center naming rights agreement, senior management salaries and benefits, legal, human resources,
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During 2002, our Corporate and Other selling, general and administrative expenses increased $6.9 million, or 29.8%, to $30.0 million as a result of amendments to our retirement plans and our retirement savings plan. As a result of these amendments, and as more fully described in Note 17 to our consolidated financial statements:
| our retirement cash balance benefit was frozen and the policy related to future contributions to our retirement savings plan was changed; | |
| as a result of these changes, we recorded a pretax charge of $5.7 million related to the write-off of unamortized prior service costs in selling, general, and administrative expenses; | |
| we amended the eligibility requirements of our postretirement benefit plans effective December 31, 2001; and | |
| in connection with the amendment and curtailment of the plans, we recorded a gain of $2.1 million which served to reduce our other selling, general and administrative expenses in 2002. |
Other increases in Corporate and Other selling, general and administrative expenses in 2002 can be attributed to increased personnel costs related to new corporate departments that did not previously exist, new management personnel in other corporate departments, and increased corporate marketing expenses as compared to the same period in 2001.
Preopening Costs |
In accordance with AICPA SOP 98-5, Reporting on the Costs of Start-Up Activities, we expense the costs associated with start-up activities and organization costs as incurred. Preopening costs increased $2.6 million, or 29.7%, to $11.6 million in 2003. The increase in preopening costs in 2003, as compared to 2002, resulted from our hotel development activities. Preopening costs related to our Gaylord Texan hotel, which opened in April 2004, totaled $11.3 million in 2003, as compared to $4.0 million in 2002. Preopening costs decreased in 2002 as compared to 2001 as a result of the opening of the Gaylord Palms in January of 2002. Gaylord Palms preopening costs decreased $8.4 million, to $4.5 million, in 2002 as compared to 2001. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in preopening costs related to the Gaylord Texan ($4.0 million in 2002, as compared to $3.1 million in 2001).
Gain on Sale of Assets |
During 2003, we did not recognize any material gains or losses on the sale of assets in operating income.
In 2002, we recognized a gain of approximately $30.5 million in connection with our ownership interest in Opry Mills. We entered into a partnership in 1998 with The Mills Corporation to develop the Opry Mills Shopping Center in Nashville, Tennessee. We held a one-third interest in the partnership as well as the title to the land on which the shopping center was constructed, which was being leased to the partnership. During the second quarter of 2002, we sold our partnership share to certain affiliates of The Mills Corporation for approximately $30.8 million in cash proceeds. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 66, Accounting for Sales of Real Estate, and other applicable pronouncements, we deferred approximately $20.0 million of the gain representing the estimated fair value of the continuing land lease interest between us and the Opry Mills partnership at June 30, 2002. We recognized the remainder of the proceeds, net of certain transaction costs, as a gain of approximately
35
Impairment and Other Charges |
During 2001, we named a new Chairman and a new Chief Executive Officer, and had numerous changes in senior management. The new management team instituted a corporate reorganization and the reevaluation of our businesses and other investments (the 2001 Strategic Assessment). As a result of the 2001 Strategic Assessment, we determined that the carrying value of certain long-lived assets were not fully recoverable and recorded pretax impairment and other charges from continuing operations during 2001 and 2003 in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. The components of the impairment and other charges related to continuing operations for the years ended December 31 are as follows (amounts in thousands):
2003 | 2002 | 2001 | |||||||||||
Programming, film and other content
|
$ | 856 | $ | | $ | 6,858 | |||||||
Gaylord Digital and other technology investments
|
| | 4,576 | ||||||||||
Property and equipment
|
| | 2,828 | ||||||||||
Total impairment and other charges
|
$ | 856 | $ | | $ | 14,262 | |||||||
We began production of an IMAX movie during 2000 to portray the history of country music. As a result of the 2001 Strategic Assessment, the carrying value of the IMAX film asset was reevaluated on the basis of its estimated future cash flows, resulting in an impairment charge of $6.9 million in 2001.
At December 31, 2000, we held a minority investment in a technology start-up business. During 2001, the unfavorable environment for technology businesses created difficulty for this business to obtain adequate capital to execute its business plan and, subsequently, we were notified that this technology business had been unsuccessful in arranging financing, resulting in an impairment charge of $4.6 million. We also recorded an impairment charge related to idle real estate of $2.0 million during 2001 based upon an assessment of the value of the property. We sold this idle real estate during the second quarter of 2002. Proceeds from the sale approximated the carrying value of the property. In addition, we recorded an impairment charge for other idle property and equipment totaling $0.8 million during 2001 primarily due to the consolidation of offices resulting from personnel reductions.
In the third quarter of 2003, based on the revenues generated by the theatrical release of the IMAX movie, the asset was again reevaluated on the basis of estimated future cash flows. As a result, an additional impairment charge of $0.9 million was recorded in the third quarter of 2003. The carrying value of the asset was $1.2 million as of December 31, 2003.
Restructuring Charges |
As part of the 2001 Strategic Assessment, we recognized pretax restructuring charges from continuing operations of $5.8 million related to streamlining operations and reducing layers of management. We recognized additional pretax restructuring charges from discontinued operations of $3.0 million in 2001. These restructuring charges were recorded in accordance with EITF No. 94-3. The restructuring costs from continuing operations consisted of $4.7 million related to severance and other employee benefits and $1.1 million related to contract termination costs, offset by the reversal of restructuring charges recorded in 2000 of $3.7 million primarily related to negotiated reductions in certain contract termination costs. The restructuring costs from discontinued operations in 2001 consisted of $1.6 million related to
36
As part of our ongoing assessment of operations during 2002, we identified certain duplication of duties within divisions and realized the need to streamline those tasks and duties. Related to this assessment, during the second quarter of 2002, we adopted a plan of restructuring resulting in a pretax restructuring charge of $1.1 million related to employee severance costs and other employee benefits unrelated to discontinued operations. Also during 2002, we reversed approximately $1.1 million of the prior years restructuring charge. These restructuring charges were recorded in accordance with EITF No. 94-3. As of December 31, 2002, we recorded cash payments of $1.1 million against the 2002 restructuring accrual. During the fourth quarter of 2002, the outplacement agreements expired related to the 2002 restructuring charge. Therefore, we reversed the remaining $67,000 accrual. There was no remaining balance of the 2002 restructuring accrual at December 31, 2002.
Depreciation and Amortization |
Depreciation expense increased $1.2 million, or 2.4%, to $53.9 million in 2003. The increase in 2003 is due to additional capital expenditures and the acquisition of ResortQuest in 2003. Depreciation expense increased $18.0 million, or 51.7%, to $52.7 million in 2002. The increase during 2002 is primarily attributable to the opening of Gaylord Palms in January 2002. Depreciation expense of Gaylord Palms was $18.6 million subsequent to the January 2002 opening.
Amortization expense increased by $1.2 million, or 32.3%, to $5.0 million in 2003 and increased slightly, by $0.1 million, in 2002. Amortization of software increased $1.2 million during 2003 and $0.9 million during 2002, primarily at Gaylord Opryland, Gaylord Palms and the Corporate and Other group. The 2002 increase in amortization of software was partially offset by the adoption of SFAS No. 142 on January 1, 2002, under the provisions of which we no longer amortize goodwill.
Non-Operating Results |
Interest Expense |
Interest expense increased $5.8 million, or 12.4%, to $52.8 million in 2003, net of capitalized interest of $14.8 million. The increase in interest expense is primarily due to the costs associated with refinancing our indebtedness and the repayment of the outstanding debt of ResortQuest, as well as additional amounts of debt outstanding during 2003. Interest expense related to the amortization of prepaid costs and interest of the secured forward exchange contract (all of which has been prepaid) was $26.9 million during 2003. Our weighted average interest rate on our borrowings, including the interest expense associated with the secured forward exchange contract and excluding the write-off of deferred financing costs during the period, was 5.3% in 2003 and 2002.
Interest expense increased $7.6 million, or 19.3%, to $47.0 million in 2002, net of capitalized interest of $6.8 million. The increase in interest expense is primarily due to the opening of the Gaylord Palms, after which interest related to the Gaylord Palms was no longer capitalized. Capitalized interest related to the Gaylord Palms hotel was $0.4 million during 2002 before its opening and was $16.4 million during 2001. The absence of capitalized interest related to Gaylord Palms was partially offset by an increase of $4.0 million of capitalized interest related to the Texas hotel. Interest expense related to the amortization of prepaid costs and interest of the secured forward exchange contract was $26.9 million during 2002 and 2001.
37
Excluding capitalized interest from each period, interest expense decreased $4.4 million in 2002 due to the lower average borrowing levels and lower weighted average interest rates during 2002. Our weighted average interest rate on our borrowings, including the interest expense associated with the secured forward exchange contract, was 5.3% in 2002 as compared to 6.3% in 2001.
Interest Income |
The decrease in interest income of $0.3 million (to $2.5 million) in 2003 and $2.7 million (to $2.8 million) in 2002 primarily relates to a decrease in interest income from invested cash balances.
Gain (Loss) on Viacom Stock and Derivatives |
During 2000, we entered into a seven-year secured forward exchange contract with respect to 10.9 million shares of our Viacom stock investment. Effective January 1, 2001, we adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 133, as amended. Components of the secured forward exchange contract are considered derivatives as defined by SFAS No. 133.
For the year ended December 31, 2003, we recorded net pretax losses of $33.2 million related to the decrease in fair value of the derivatives associated with the secured forward exchange contract. For the year ended December 31, 2003, we recorded net pretax gains of $39.8 million related to the increase in fair value of the Viacom stock. For the year ended December 31, 2002, we recorded net pretax gains of $86.5 million related to the increase in fair value of the derivatives associated with the secured forward exchange contract. For the year ended December 31, 2002, we recorded net pretax losses of $37.3 million related to the decrease in fair value of the Viacom stock. For the year ended December 31, 2001, we recorded net pretax gains of $54.3 million related to the increase in fair value of the derivatives associated with the secured forward exchange contract. Additionally, we recorded a nonrecurring pretax gain of $29.4 million on January 1, 2001, related to reclassifying our investment in Viacom stock from available-for-sale to trading as permitted by SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. For the year ended December 31, 2001, we recorded net pretax losses of $28.6 million related to the decrease in fair value of the Viacom stock subsequent to January 1, 2001.
Other Gains and Losses |
Other gains and losses, which consisted of dividends received on the Viacom stock and gains and losses on disposals of fixed assets, increased $1.0 million, or 89.9%, to $2.2 million in 2003. Other gains and losses decreased $1.5 million, or 56.3%, to $1.2 million in 2002. The decrease in 2002 is primarily due to the fact that during 2001, the indemnification period ended related to the sale of KTVT and we recognized a $4.6 million gain in 2001.
38
Income Taxes |
The effective income tax rate from continuing operations was 42%, 10%, and 47% in 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively. The effective tax rate as applied to pretax income from continuing operations differed from the statutory federal rate due to the following:
2003 | 2002 | 2001 | ||||||||||
U.S. federal statutory rate
|
35 | % | 35 | % | 35 | % | ||||||
State taxes (net of federal tax benefit and
change in valuation allowance)
|
8 | | 2 | |||||||||
Effective tax law change
|
| 7 | | |||||||||
Previously accrued income taxes
|
| (37 | ) | 16 | ||||||||
Other
|
(1 | ) | 5 | (6 | ) | |||||||
42 | % | 10 | % | 47 | % | |||||||
The effective income tax rate in 2003 (which was a benefit rate reflecting the 2003 loss) increased from 2002 primarily due to the impact in 2002 of previously recorded income taxes. The previously recorded income taxes relate to the favorable resolution of issues which were either settled with taxing authorities or had statutes of limitations expire. In addition, the rate increased due to the current year state tax benefit and the release of a portion of the state valuation allowance. The Company released valuation allowance of $2.4 million due to the utilization of state net operating loss carryforwards from the sale of Radio Operations. As a result, the Company increased the deferred tax asset by $2.4 million and increased the 2003 tax benefit by $2.4 million.
The effective income tax rate in 2002 decreased from 2001 primarily due to the impact in 2002 of previously recorded income taxes. In addition, the Tennessee legislature increased the corporate income tax rate from 6% to 6.5% during 2002. As a result, the Company increased the deferred tax liability by $1.3 million and increased 2002 tax expense by $1.3 million.
Gain (Loss) from Discontinued Operations |
The Company has reflected the following businesses as discontinued operations, consistent with the provisions of SFAS No. 144. The results of operations, net of taxes (prior to their disposal where applicable), and the estimated fair value of the assets and liabilities of these businesses have been reflected in the Companys consolidated financial statements as discontinued operations in accordance with SFAS No. 144 for all periods presented.
WSM-FM and WWTN(FM). During the first quarter of 2003, the Company committed to a plan of disposal of WSM-FM and WWTN(FM). Subsequent to committing to a plan of disposal during the first quarter of 2003, the Company, through a wholly-owned subsidiary, entered into an agreement to sell the assets primarily used in the operations of WSM-FM and WWTN(FM) to Cumulus Broadcasting, Inc. (Cumulus) in exchange for approximately $62.5 million in cash. In connection with this agreement, the Company also entered into a local marketing agreement with Cumulus pursuant to which, from April 21, 2003 until the closing of the sale of the assets, the Company, for a fee, made available to Cumulus substantially all of the broadcast time on WSM-FM and WWTN(FM). In turn, Cumulus provided programming to be broadcast during such broadcast time and collected revenues from the advertising that it sold for broadcast during this programming time. On July 22, 2003, the Company finalized the sale of WSM-FM and WWTN(FM) for approximately $62.5 million, at which time, net proceeds of approximately $50 million were placed in an escrow account for completion of the Texas hotel. Concurrently, the Company also entered into a joint sales agreement with Cumulus for WSM-AM in exchange for $2.5 million in cash. The Company will continue to own and operate WSM-AM, and under the terms of the joint sales agreement with Cumulus, Cumulus will be
39
Acuff-Rose Music Publishing. During the second quarter of 2002, the Company committed to a plan of disposal of its Acuff-Rose Music Publishing catalog entity. During the third quarter of 2002, the Company finalized the sale of the Acuff-Rose Music Publishing entity to Sony/ ATV Music Publishing for approximately $157.0 million in cash. The Company recognized a pretax gain of $130.6 million during the third quarter of 2002 related to the sale in discontinued operations. The gain on the sale of Acuff-Rose Music Publishing is recorded in the income from discontinued operations in the consolidated statement of operations. Proceeds of $25.0 million were used to reduce the Companys outstanding indebtedness.
OKC RedHawks. During 2002, the Company committed to a plan of disposal of its ownership interests in the RedHawks, a minor league baseball team based in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. During the fourth quarter of 2003, the Company sold its interests in the RedHawks and received cash proceeds of approximately $6.0 million. The Company recognized a loss of $0.6 million, net of taxes, related to the sale in discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations.
Word Entertainment. During 2001, the Company committed to a plan to sell Word Entertainment. As a result of the decision to sell Word Entertainment, the Company reduced the carrying value of Word Entertainment to its estimated fair value by recognizing a pretax charge of $30.4 million in discontinued operations during 2001. The estimated fair value of Word Entertainments net assets was determined based upon ongoing negotiations with potential buyers. Related to the decision to sell Word Entertainment, a pretax restructuring charge of $1.5 million was recorded in discontinued operations in 2001. The restructuring charge consisted of $0.9 million related to lease termination costs and $0.6 million related to severance costs. In addition, the Company recorded a reversal of $0.1 million of restructuring charges originally recorded during 2000. During the first quarter of 2002, the Company sold Word Entertainments domestic operations to an affiliate of Warner Music Group for $84.1 million in cash, subject to future purchase price adjustments. The Company recognized a pretax gain of $0.5 million in discontinued operations during the first quarter of 2002 related to the sale of Word Entertainment. Proceeds from the sale of $80.0 million were used to reduce the Companys outstanding indebtedness.
International cable networks. During the second quarter of 2001, the Company adopted a formal plan to dispose of its international cable networks. As part of this plan, the Company hired investment bankers to facilitate the disposition process, and formal communications with potentially interested parties began in July 2001. In an attempt to simplify the disposition process, in July 2001, the Company acquired an additional 25% ownership interest in its music networks in Argentina, increasing its ownership interest from 50% to 75%. In August 2001, the partnerships in Argentina finalized a pending transaction in which a third party acquired a 10% ownership interest in the companies in exchange for satellite, distribution and sales services, bringing the Companys interest to 67.5%.
In December 2001, the Company made the decision to cease funding of its cable networks in Asia and Brazil as well as its partnerships in Argentina if a sale had not been completed by February 28, 2002. At that time the Company recorded pretax restructuring charges of $1.9 million consisting of $1.0 million of severance and $0.9 million of contract termination costs related to the networks. Also during 2001, the Company negotiated reductions in the contract termination costs with several vendors that resulted in a reversal of $0.3 million of restructuring charges originally recorded during 2000. Based on the status of the Companys efforts to sell its international cable networks at the end of 2001, the Company recorded pretax impairment and other charges of $23.3 million during 2001. Included in this charge are the
40
During the first quarter of 2002, the Company finalized a transaction to sell certain assets of its Asia and Brazil networks, including the assignment of certain transponder leases. Also during the first quarter of 2002, the Company ceased operations based in Argentina. The transponder lease assignment required the Company to guarantee lease payments in 2002 from the acquirer of these networks. As such, the Company recorded a lease liability for the amount of the assignees portion of the transponder lease.
Businesses Sold to OPUBCO. During 2001, the Company sold five businesses (Pandora Films, Gaylord Films, Gaylord Sports Management, Gaylord Event Television and Gaylord Production Company) to affiliates of OPUBCO for $22.0 million in cash and the assumption of debt of $19.3 million. The Company recognized a pretax loss of $1.7 million related to the sale in discontinued operations in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. OPUBCO owns a minority interest in the Company. During 2002, three of the Companys directors were also directors of OPUBCO and voting trustees of a voting trust that controls OPUBCO. Additionally, these three directors collectively owned a significant ownership interest in the Company.
The following table reflects the results of operations of businesses accounted for as discontinued operations for the years ended December 31 (amounts in thousands):
2003 | 2002 | 2001 | ||||||||||||
Revenues:
|
||||||||||||||
Radio Operations
|
$ | 3,703 | $ | 10,240 | $ | 8,207 | ||||||||
Acuff-Rose Music Publishing
|
| 7,654 | 14,764 | |||||||||||
RedHawks
|
5,034 | 6,289 | 6,122 | |||||||||||
Word Entertainment
|
| 2,594 | 115,677 | |||||||||||
International cable networks
|
| 744 | 5,025 | |||||||||||
Businesses sold to OPUBCO
|
| | 2,195 | |||||||||||
Other
|
| | 609 | |||||||||||
Total revenues
|
$ | 8,737 | $ | 27,521 | $ | 152,599 | ||||||||
Operating Income (Loss):
|
||||||||||||||
Radio Operations
|
$ | 615 | $ | 1,305 | $ | 2,184 | ||||||||
Acuff-Rose Music Publishing
|
16 | 933 | 2,119 | |||||||||||
RedHawks
|
436 | 841 | 363 | |||||||||||
Word Entertainment
|
22 | (917 | ) | (5,710 | ) | |||||||||
International cable networks
|
| (1,576 | ) | (6,375 | ) | |||||||||
Businesses sold to OPUBCO
|
(620 | ) | | (1,816 | ) | |||||||||
Other
|
| | (383 | ) | ||||||||||
Impairment and other charges
|
| | (53,716 | ) | ||||||||||
Restructuring charges
|
| (20 | ) | (2,959 | ) | |||||||||
Total operating income (loss)
|
469 | 566 | (66,293 | ) | ||||||||||
41
2003 | 2002 | 2001 | ||||||||||||
Interest Expense
|
(1 | ) | (81 | ) | (797 | ) | ||||||||
Interest Income
|
8 | 81 | 199 | |||||||||||
Other Gains and (Losses)
|
||||||||||||||
Radio Operations
|
54,555 | | | |||||||||||
Acuff-Rose Music Publishing
|
450 | 130,465 | (11 | ) | ||||||||||
RedHawks
|
(1,159 | ) | (193 | ) | (134 | ) | ||||||||
Word Entertainment
|
1,503 | 1,553 | (1,059 | ) | ||||||||||
International cable networks
|
497 | 3,617 | (1,002 | ) | ||||||||||
Businesses sold to OPUBCO
|
| | (1,674 | ) | ||||||||||
Other
|
| | (251 | ) | ||||||||||
Total other gains and (losses)
|
55,846 | 135,442 | (4,131 | ) | ||||||||||
Income (loss) before provision
(benefit) for income taxes
|
56,322 | 136,008 | (71,022 | ) | ||||||||||
Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes
|
21,951 | 50,251 | (22,189 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) from discontinued
operations
|
$ | 34,371 | $ | 85,757 | $ | (48,833 | ) | |||||||
Included in other gains and losses in 2003 is a pre-tax gain of $54.6 million on the sale of the Radio Operations and a pre-tax loss of $1.0 million on the sale of the RedHawks. Included in other gains and losses in 2002 are pre-tax gains of $130.6 million on the sale of Acuff-Rose Music Publishing, $0.5 million on the sale of Word Entertainment, and $3.8 million on the sale of International Cable Networks. Included in other gains and losses in 2001 is a pretax loss of $1.7 million on the sale of businesses sold to OPUBCO. The remaining gains and losses in 2003, 2002, and 2001 are primarily comprised of gains and losses on the sale of fixed assets and the subsequent reversal of liabilities accrued at the time of disposal of these businesses for various contingent items.
The assets and liabilities of the discontinued operations presented in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets are comprised of (amounts in thousands):
2003 | 2002 | |||||||||
Current Assets:
|
||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents
|
$ | 19 | $ | 1,812 | ||||||
Trade receivables, less allowance of $0 and
$2,938, respectively
|
| 1,954 | ||||||||
Inventories
|
| 163 | ||||||||
Prepaid expenses
|
| 97 | ||||||||
Other current assets
|
| 69 | ||||||||
Total current assets
|
19 | 4,095 | ||||||||
Property and Equipment, Net of Accumulated
Depreciation
|
| 5,157 | ||||||||
Goodwill
|
| 3,527 | ||||||||
Intangible Assets, Net of Accumulated Amortization
|
| 3,942 | ||||||||
Music and Film Catalogs
|
| | ||||||||
Other Long-Term Assets
|
| 702 | ||||||||
Total long-term assets
|
| 13,328 | ||||||||
Total assets
|
$ | 19 | $ | 17,423 | ||||||
42
2003 | 2002 | ||||||||||
Current Liabilities:
|
|||||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt
|
$ | | $ | 94 | |||||||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
|
2,930 | 6,558 | |||||||||
Total current liabilities
|
2,930 | 6,652 | |||||||||
Long-Term Debt, Net of Current Portion
|
| | |||||||||
Other Long-Term Liabilities
|
825 | 789 | |||||||||
Total long-term liabilities
|
825 | 789 | |||||||||
Total liabilities
|
3,755 | 7,441 | |||||||||
Minority Interest of Discontinued Operations
|
| 1,885 | |||||||||
Total Liabilities and Minority Interest of
Discontinued Operations
|
$ | 3,755 | $ | 9,326 | |||||||
Cumulative Effect of Accounting Change |
During the second quarter of 2002, we completed our goodwill impairment test as required by SFAS No. 142. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142, we reflected the pretax $4.2 million impairment charge as a cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle in the amount of $2.6 million, net of tax benefit of $1.6 million, as of January 1, 2002 in the consolidated statements of operations.
On January 1, 2001, we recorded a gain of $11.2 million, net of taxes of $7.1 million, as a cumulative effect of accounting change to record the derivatives associated with the secured forward exchange contract on our Viacom stock at fair value as of January 1, 2001, in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 133.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Cash Flows Summary |
Our cash flows consisted of the following during the years ended December 31 (amounts in thousands):
2003 | 2002 | 2001 | ||||||||||||
Operating Cash Flows:
|
||||||||||||||
Net cash flows provided by operating
activities continuing operations
|
$ | 63,916 | $ | 83,829 | $ | 15,122 | ||||||||
Net cash flows provided by operating
activities discontinued operations
|
2,890 | 3,451 | 368 | |||||||||||
Net cash flows provided by operating activities
|
$ | 66,806 | $ | 87,280 | $ | 15,490 | ||||||||
Investing Cash Flows:
|
||||||||||||||
Purchases of property and equipment
|
$ | (223,720 | ) | $ | (175,404 | ) | $ | (280,921 | ) | |||||
Other
|
12,075 | 29,920 | 3,033 | |||||||||||
Net cash flows (used in) investing
activities continuing operations
|
(211,645 | ) | (145,484 | ) | (277,888 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash flows provided by investing
activities discontinued operations
|
65,354 | 232,570 | 17,794 | |||||||||||
Net cash flows provided by (used in) investing
activities
|
$ | (146,291 | ) | $ | 87,086 | $ | (260,094 | ) | ||||||
43
2003 | 2002 | 2001 | ||||||||||||
Financing Cash Flows:
|
||||||||||||||
Repayment of long-term debt
|
$ | (425,104 | ) | $ | (214,846 | ) | $ | (241,503 | ) | |||||
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt
|
550,000 | 85,000 | 535,000 | |||||||||||
Other
|
(22,984 | ) | 46,589 | (69,360 | ) | |||||||||
Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing
activities -continuing operations
|
101,912 | (83,257 | ) | 224,137 | ||||||||||
Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing
activities -discontinued operations
|
(94 | ) | (1,671 | ) | 2,904 | |||||||||
Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing
activities
|
101,818 | (84,928 | ) | 227,041 | ||||||||||
Net change in cash and cash equivalents
|
$ | 22,333 | $ | 89,438 | $ | (17,563 | ) | |||||||
Cash Flow from Operating Activities |
Cash flow from operating activities is the principal source of cash used to fund our operating expenses, interest payments on debt, and maintenance capital expenditures. During 2003, our net cash flows provided by operating activities continuing operations were $63.9 million, reflecting primarily our income from continuing operations before non-cash depreciation, amortization, income tax and interest expenses of approximately $30.0 million, as well as favorable changes in working capital of approximately $33.9 million. The favorable changes in working capital primarily resulted from improved collection of trade receivables due to increased emphasis on timely collections, the timing of payment of various liabilities, including accrued interest, taxes, salaries and benefits, and advertising expenses, and an increase in deferred revenues due to increased receipts of deposits on advance bookings of rooms (primarily related to advance bookings at the recently constructed Gaylord Texan which opened in April 2004 and the timing of deposits received by the Gaylord Opryland hotel for large group meetings occurring in early 2004) and an increase in the volume of events occurring in early 2004 managed by our Corporate Magic business that require advance deposits. During 2002, our net cash flows provided by operating activities continuing operations were $83.8 million, reflecting primarily our income from continuing operations before non-cash depreciation, amortization, income tax and interest expenses.
Cash Flow from Investing Activities |
During 2003, our primary uses of funds and investing activities were the purchases of property and equipment which totaled $223.7 million. These capital expenditures include continuing construction at the new Gaylord hotel in Grapevine, Texas of $193.3 million, approximately $1.3 million related to the possible development of a new Gaylord hotel in Prince Georges County, Maryland and approximately $11.2 million related to Gaylord Opryland. In addition, there were approximately $7.3 million of capital expenditures related to the Grand Ole Opry in 2003. We also collected a $10.0 million note receivable from Bass Pro and received proceeds from the sale of assets and the sale of discontinued operations totaling approximately $64.7 million in 2003. During 2002, our primary uses of funds and investing activities were the purchases of property and equipment for the Gaylord Palms and Gaylord Texan which totaled $148.3 million. We received proceeds from the sale of assets and the sale of discontinued operations totaling approximately $263.4 million in 2002.
Cash Flow from Financing Activities |
The Companys cash flows from financing activities reflect primarily the issuance of debt and the repayment of long-term debt. During 2003, the Companys net cash flows provided by
44
On January 9, 2004 we filed a Registration Statement on Form S-3 with the SEC pursuant to which we may sell from time to time, once the Registration Statement is declared effective by the SEC, up to $500 million of our debt or equity securities. Except as otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement at the time of sale of the securities, we may use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities for general corporate purposes, which may include reducing our outstanding indebtedness, increasing our working capital, acquisitions and capital expenditures.
Principal Debt Agreements |
New revolving credit facility. On November 20, 2003, we entered into a new $65.0 million revolving credit facility, which has been increased to $100.0 million. The new revolving credit facility, which replaces our old revolving credit portion of our 2003 Florida/ Texas senior secured credit facility discussed below, matures in May 2006. The new revolving credit facility has an interest rate, at our election, of either LIBOR plus 3.50% (subject to a minimum LIBOR of 1.32%) or the lending banks base rate plus 2.25%. Interest on our borrowings is payable quarterly, in arrears, for base rate loans and at the end of each interest rate period for LIBOR rate-based loans. Principal is payable in full at maturity. The new revolving credit facility is guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by our subsidiaries that are guarantors of our new notes (consisting generally of our active domestic subsidiaries that are not parties to our Nashville hotel loan arrangements) and is secured by a leasehold mortgage on the Gaylord Palms Resort & Convention Center. We are required to pay a commitment fee equal to 0.5% per year of the average daily unused revolving portion of the new revolving credit facility.
The provisions of the new revolving credit facility contain a covenant requiring us to achieve substantial completion and initial opening of the Gaylord Texan by June 30, 2004. We opened the Gaylord Texan on April 2, 2004.
In addition, the new revolving credit facility contains certain covenants which, among other things, limit the incurrence of additional indebtedness, investments, dividends, transactions with affiliates, asset sales, acquisitions, capital expenditures, mergers and consolidations, liens and encumbrances and other matters customarily restricted in such agreements. The material financial covenants, ratios or tests contained in the new revolving credit facility are as follows:
| a maximum total leverage ratio requiring that at the end of each fiscal quarter, our ratio of consolidated indebtedness minus unrestricted cash on hand to consolidated EBITDA for the most recent four fiscal quarters, subject to certain adjustments, not exceed a range of ratios (decreasing from 7.5 to 1.0 for early 2004 to 5.0 to 1.0 for 2005 and thereafter) for the recent four fiscal quarters; | |
| a requirement that the adjusted net operating income for the Gaylord Palms Resort and Convention Center be at least $25,000,000 at the end of each fiscal quarter ending December 31, 2003, through December 31, 2004, and $28,000,000 at the end of each fiscal quarter thereafter, in each case based on the most recent four fiscal quarters; and | |
| a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio requiring that, at the end of each fiscal quarter, our ratio of consolidated EBITDA for the most recent four fiscal quarters, subject to certain adjustments, to the sum of (i) consolidated interest expense and capitalized |
45
interest expense for the previous fiscal quarter, multiplied by four, and (ii) required amortization of indebtedness for the most recent four fiscal quarters, be not less than 1.5 to 1.0. |
As of December 31, 2003, we were in compliance with the foregoing covenants. As of December 31, 2003, no borrowings were outstanding under the new revolving credit facility, but the lending banks had issued $11.3 million of letters of credit under the credit facility for us. The revolving credit facility is cross-defaulted to our other indebtedness.
Nashville hotel loan. On March 27, 2001, we, through wholly owned subsidiaries, entered into a $275.0 million senior secured loan with Merrill Lynch Mortgage Lending, Inc. At the same time, we entered into a $100.0 million mezzanine loan which was repaid in November 2003 with the proceeds of the outstanding Senior Notes (as defined below). The senior and mezzanine loan borrower and its member were subsidiaries formed for the purposes of owning and operating the Nashville hotel and entering into the loan transaction and are special-purpose entities whose activities are strictly limited. We fully consolidate these entities in our consolidated financial statements. The senior loan is secured by a first mortgage lien on the assets of Gaylord Opryland and is due in March 2004. At our option, the senior loan may be extended for two additional one-year terms to March 2006, subject to our Gaylord Opryland operations meeting certain financial ratios and other criteria. We have exercised our option to extend the loan until March 2005. Amounts outstanding under the senior loan bear interest at one-month LIBOR plus 1.02%. The senior loan requires monthly principal payments of $0.7 million in addition to monthly interest payments. The terms of the senior loan required us to purchase interest rate hedges in notional amounts equal to the outstanding balances of the senior loan in order to protect against adverse changes in one-month LIBOR. Pursuant to the senior loan agreement, we had purchased instruments that cap our exposure to one-month LIBOR at 7.5%. We used $235.0 million of the proceeds from the senior loan and the mezzanine loan to refinance an existing interim loan incurred in 2000. The net proceeds from the senior loan and the mezzanine loan, after refinancing the existing interim loan and paying required escrows and fees, were approximately $97.6 million. The weighted average interest rates for the senior loan for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, including amortization of deferred financing costs, were 4.2% and 4.5%, respectively.
The terms of the senior loan impose and the old mezzanine loan imposed limits on transactions with affiliates and incurrence of indebtedness by the subsidiary borrower. Our senior loan also contains a cash management restriction that is triggered if a minimum debt service coverage ratio is not met. This provision has never been triggered. Upon a determination as of the end of any quarter that the debt service coverage ratio of the Nashville hotel (which is the ratio of net operating income from the Nashville hotel to principal and interest under the senior loan, all for the preceding 12-month period, subject to certain adjustments) is less than 1.25 to 1.0, excess cash flow from the Nashville hotel must thereafter be deposited in a reserve account with the lender (subject to the borrowers right to make a principal prepayment in amount necessary to cure). Depending upon the debt service coverage ratio level as of the beginning of each subsequent month, amounts in the reserve account are either released to the borrower or held by the lender as collateral and, at the lenders option, applied to the loan at the third payment date following deposit into the account.
In addition, prior to its repayment in 2003, the old mezzanine loan contained financial covenants that were structured such that noncompliance at one level triggered certain cash management restrictions and noncompliance at a second level results in an event of default. Based upon the financial covenant calculations at December 31, 2002, the mezzanine loans cash management restrictions were in effect which required that all excess cash flows, as defined, be escrowed and be used only to repay principal amounts owed on the senior loan. As of June 30, 2003, the noncompliance level which triggered cash management restrictions was cured and the cash management restrictions were lifted. During 2002, we negotiated certain
46
Senior Notes. On November 12, 2003, we completed our offering of $350 million in aggregate principal amount of senior notes due 2013 (the Senior Notes) in an institutional private placement. The interest rate of the Senior Notes is 8%, although we have entered into interest rate swaps with respect to $125 million principal amount of the Senior Notes which results in an effective interest rate of LIBOR plus 2.95% with respect to that portion of the Senior Notes. The Senior Notes, which mature on November 15, 2013, bear interest semi-annually in cash in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, starting on May 15, 2004. The Senior Notes are redeemable, in whole or in part, at any time on or after November 15, 2008 at a designated redemption amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, we may redeem up to 35% of the Senior Notes before November 15, 2006 with the net cash proceeds from certain equity offerings. The Senior Notes rank equally in right of payment with our other unsecured unsubordinated debt, but are effectively subordinated to all of our secured debt to the extent of the assets securing such debt. The Senior Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, jointly and severally, on a senior unsecured basis by each of our subsidiaries that was a borrower or guarantor under the 2003 Florida/Texas loans discussed below, and as of November 2003, of the new revolving credit facility. In connection with the offering of the Senior Notes, we paid approximately $9.4 million in deferred financing costs. The net proceeds from the offering of the Senior Notes, together with $22.5 million of our cash on hand, were used as follows:
| $275.5 million was used to repay our $150 million senior term loan portion and the $50 million subordinated term loan portion of the 2003 loans discussed below, as well as the remaining $66 million of our $100 million mezzanine loan and to pay certain fees and expenses related to the ResortQuest acquisition; and | |
| $79.2 million was placed in escrow pending consummation of the ResortQuest acquisition. As of November 20, 2003, the $79.2 million together with $8.2 million of the available cash, was used to repay ResortQuests senior notes and its credit facility, the principal amount of which aggregated $85.1 million at closing, and a related prepayment penalty. |
In addition, the Senior Notes indenture contains certain covenants which, among other things, limit the incurrence of additional indebtedness, investments, dividends, transactions with affiliates, asset sales, capital expenditures, mergers and consolidations, liens and encumbrances and other matters customarily restricted in such agreements. The Senior Notes are cross-defaulted to our other indebtedness.
Prior indebtedness. Prior to the closing of the notes offering and establishment of our new revolving credit facility, we had in place our 2003 Florida/ Texas senior secured credit facility, consisting of a $150 million term loan, a $50 million subordinated term loan and a $25 million revolving credit facility, outstanding amounts of which were repaid with proceeds of the Senior Notes offering. When the 2003 loans were first established, proceeds were used to repay 2001 term loans incurred in connection with the development of the Gaylord Palms.
Future Developments |
As previously announced, we have plans to develop a Gaylord hotel and have a contract to purchase property to be acquired on the Potomac River in Prince Georges County, Maryland (in the Washington, D.C. market), subject to market conditions, the availability of financing,
47
Commitments and Contractual Obligations |
The following table summarizes our significant contractual obligations as of December 31, 2003, including long-term debt and operating and capital lease commitments (amounts in thousands):
Total Amounts | Less than | |||||||||||||||||||
Committed | 1 Year | 1-3 Years | 3-5 Years | After 5 Years | ||||||||||||||||
Contractual obligations
|
||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt
|
$ | 549,381 | $ | 8,104 | $ | 191,277 | $ | | $ | 350,000 | ||||||||||
Capital leases
|
992 | 553 | 370 | 69 | | |||||||||||||||
Construction commitments
|
104,615 | 94,368 | 10,247 | | | |||||||||||||||
Arena naming rights
|
57,703 | 2,554 | 5,497 | 6,061 | 43,591 | |||||||||||||||
Operating leases
|
734,855 | 11,350 | 17,475 | 13,335 | 692,695 | |||||||||||||||
Other
|
4,828 | 322 | 644 | 644 | 3,218 | |||||||||||||||
Total contractual obligations
|
$ | 1,452,374 | $ | 117,251 | $ | 225,510 | $ | 20,109 | $ | 1,089,504 | ||||||||||
The total operating lease commitments of $734.9 million above includes the 75-year operating lease agreement we entered into during 1999 for 65.3 acres of land located in Osceola County, Florida where Gaylord Palms is located.
During 2002 and 2001, we entered into certain agreements related to the construction of the new Gaylord hotel in Grapevine, Texas. At December 31, 2003, we had paid approximately $355.3 million related to these agreements, which is included as construction in progress in property and equipment in the consolidated balance sheets.
During 1999, we entered into a 20-year naming rights agreement related to the Nashville Arena with the Nashville Predators. The Nashville Arena has been renamed the Gaylord Entertainment Center as a result of the agreement. The contractual commitment required us to pay $2.1 million during the first year of the contract, with a 5% escalation each year for the remaining term of the agreement, and to purchase a minimum number of tickets to Predators games each year. See BusinessLegal Proceedings for a discussion of the current status of our litigation regarding this agreement.
At the expiration of the secured forward exchange contract relating to the Viacom stock we own, which is scheduled for May 2007, we will be required to pay the deferred taxes relating thereto. The estimated deferred tax liability is $156.0 million. See Risk Factors To service our debt and pay other obligations, we will require a significant amount of cash, which may not be available to us. A complete description of the secured forward exchange contract and this deferred tax liability is contained in notes 10 and 13 to our consolidated financial statements for the year-ended December 31, 2003 incorporated by reference herein.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations discusses our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. Accounting estimates are an integral part of the preparation of the consolidated financial statements and the financial reporting process and are based upon current judgments. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
48
This listing of critical accounting policies is not intended to be a comprehensive list of all of our accounting policies. In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated by generally accepted accounting principles, with no need for managements judgment regarding accounting policy. We believe that of our significant accounting policies, as discussed in note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the following may involve a higher degree of judgment and complexity.
Revenue recognition. We recognize revenue from our rooms as earned on the close of business each day. Revenues from concessions and food and beverage sales are recognized at the time of the sale. We recognize revenues from the Opry and Attractions segment when services are provided or goods are shipped, as applicable.
We earn revenues from ResortQuest through property management fees, service fees, and other sources. We receive property management fees when the properties are rented, which are generally a percentage of the rental price of the vacation property. Management fees range from approximately 3% to over 40% of gross lodging revenues collected based upon the type of services provided to the property owner and the type of rental units managed. Revenues are recognized ratably over the rental period based on our proportionate share of the total rental price of the vacation condominium or home. We provide or arrange through third parties certain services for property owners or guests. Service fees include reservations, housekeeping, long-distance telephone, ski rentals, lift tickets, beach equipment and pool cleaning. Internally provided services are recognized as service fee revenue when the service is provided. Services provided by third parties are generally billed directly to property owners and are not included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. We recognize other revenues primarily related to real estate broker commissions and software and maintenance sales. We recognize revenues on real estate sales when the transactions are complete, and such revenue is recorded net of the related agent commissions. We also sell a fully integrated software package, First Resort Software, specifically designed for the vacation property management business, along with ongoing service contracts. Software and maintenance revenues are recognized when the systems are installed and ratably over the service period, respectively, in accordance with SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition. Provision for returns and other adjustments are provided for in the same period the revenue was recognized. We defer revenues related to deposits on advance bookings of rooms and vacation properties and advance ticket sales at our tourism properties.
Impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill. In accounting for our long-lived assets other than goodwill, we apply the provisions of SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. Under SFAS No. 144, we assess our long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets or asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of long-lived assets that will continue to be used is measured by comparing the carrying amount of the asset or asset group to the related total future undiscounted net cash flows. If an asset or asset groups carrying value is not recoverable through those cash flows, the asset group is considered to be impaired. The impairment is measured by the difference between the assets carrying amount and their fair value, based on the best information available, including market prices or discounted cash flow analysis.
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Effective January 1, 2002, we adopted SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Under SFAS No. 142, goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized but are tested for impairment at least annually and whenever events or circumstances occur indicating that these intangibles may be impaired. We perform our review of goodwill for impairment by comparing the carrying value of the applicable reporting unit to the fair value of the reporting unit. If the fair value is less than the carrying value then we measure potential impairment by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit to the tangible assets and liabilities of the reporting unit in a manner similar to a business combination purchase price allocation. The remaining fair value of the reporting unit after assigning fair values to all of the reporting units assets and liabilities represents the implied fair value of goodwill of the reporting unit. The impairment is measured by the difference between the carrying value of goodwill and the implied fair value of goodwill.
As a result of lower than expected revenues associated with our IMAX movie, we recognized an impairment charge of approximately $0.9 million in 2003. The key assumptions used to determine the fair value of our IMAX movie included (a) a cash flow period of four years, (b) a nominal terminal value, and (c) a discount rate of 12%, which was based on our weighted average cost of capital adjusted for the risks associated with the operations. A change in any of these assumptions would have had an impact on the amount of the impairment charge recorded. For example, a 1% increase or decrease in the discount rate used in the impairment loss calculation would have caused an increase or decrease in the impairment charge of $0.02 million.
The key assumptions used to determine the fair value of our reporting units for purposes of evaluating goodwill for impairment included (a) a perpetuity cash flow period, (b) a nominal terminal value, and (c) a discount rate of approximately 10%, which was based on our weighted average cost of capital adjusted for the risks associated with the operations. These assumptions and judgments are subject to change, which could cause a different conclusion regarding impairment or a different calculation of an impairment loss. There were no goodwill impairment charges recorded in 2003.
Restructuring charges. We have recognized restructuring charges in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 94-3, Liability Recognition for Certain Employee Termination Benefits and Other Costs to Exit an Activity (including Certain Costs Incurred in a Restructuring), in our consolidated financial statements. Restructuring charges are based upon certain estimates of liabilities related to costs to exit an activity. Liability estimates may change as a result of future events, including negotiation of reductions in contract termination liabilities and expiration of outplacement agreements.
Derivative financial instruments. We utilize derivative financial instruments to reduce interest rate risks and to manage risk exposure to changes in the value of certain owned marketable securities. We record derivatives in accordance with SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, which was subsequently amended by SFAS No. 138. SFAS No. 133, as amended, established accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments and hedging activities. SFAS No. 133 requires all derivatives to be recognized in the statement of financial position and to be measured at fair value. Changes in the fair value of those instruments will be reported in earnings or other comprehensive income depending on the use of the derivative and whether it qualifies for hedge accounting.
We obtain valuations of our derivative assets and liabilities from counterparties and records changes in the derivative assets and liabilities based on those valuations. The derivative assets and liabilities held by us at December 31, 2003 include a secured forward exchange contract with respect to 10,937,900 shares of Viacom stock, a fixed to variable interest rate swap, and two interest rate caps. The measurement of these derivatives fair values requires the use of estimates and assumptions.
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The key assumption used to determine the fair value of our secured forward exchange contract was the underlying value of the Viacom stock. Changes in this assumption could materially impact the determination of the fair value of the secured forward exchange contract and the related net gain or loss on the investment in Viacom stock and related derivatives. For example, a 5% increase in the value of the Viacom stock at December 31, 2003 would have resulted in an increase of $8.7 million in the 2003 net pre-tax gain on the investment in Viacom stock and related derivatives. Likewise, a 5% decrease in the value of the Viacom stock at December 31, 2003 would have resulted in a decrease of $7.3 million in the 2003 net pre-tax gain on the investment in Viacom stock and related derivative. The key assumption used to determine the fair value of our fixed to variable interest rate swap and two interest rate caps included changes in LIBOR and Eurodollar interest rates. Changes in these assumptions could materially impact the determination of the fair value of these derivatives and the related charge to 2003 interest expense. For example, if LIBOR and Eurodollar rates were to increase by 100 basis points each, our annual net interest cost on debt amounts outstanding at December 31, 2003 would increase by approximately $3.3 million.
Income taxes. We account for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. Under SFAS 109, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.
We must assess the likelihood that we will be able to recover our deferred tax assets. If recovery is not likely, the provision for taxes is increased by recording a reserve, in the form of a valuation allowance, against the estimated deferred tax assets that will not ultimately be recoverable.
We have federal and state net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards for which management believes it is more-likely-than-not that future taxable income will be sufficient to realize the recorded deferred tax assets. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies, which involve estimates and uncertainties, in making this assessment. Projected future taxable income is based on managements forecast of our operating results. Management periodically reviews such forecasts in comparison with actual results and expected trends. We have established valuation allowances for deferred tax assets primarily associated with certain subsidiaries with state operating loss carryforwards and tax credit carryforwards. At December 31, 2003, we had federal net operating loss carryforwards of $28.3 million, federal tax credits of $6.2 million, state net operating loss carryforwards of $349.8 million, and foreign net operating loss carryforwards of $0.2 million. A valuation allowance of $9.9 million has been provided for certain state and foreign deferred tax assets, including loss carryforwards, as of December 31, 2003. In the event management determines that sufficient future taxable income, in light of tax planning strategies, may not be generated to fully recover net deferred tax assets, we will be required to adjust our deferred tax valuation allowance in the period in which we determine recovery is not probable.
In addition, we must deal with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations in the calculation of tax liabilities and are subject to routine income tax audits. We estimate the contingent income tax liabilities that may result from these audits based on our assessment of potential income tax-related exposures and the relative probabilities of those exposures translating into actual future liabilities. Probabilities are estimated based on the likelihood that the taxing authority will disagree with a tax position that will negatively affect the amount of taxes previously paid or currently due. If payment of the accrued amounts ultimately proves to be unnecessary, the reversal of the liabilities would result in tax benefits being recognized in the period when we determine the liabilities are no longer necessary. If our estimate of tax liabilities
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Retirement and postretirement benefits other than pension plans. The calculations of the costs and obligations of our retirement and postretirement benefits other than pension plans are dependent on significant assumptions, judgments, and estimates. These assumptions, judgments, and estimates are evaluated at each annual measurement date (September 30) and include discount rates, expected return on plan assets, and health care cost trend rates. The discount rate reflects the market rate for high-quality fixed income debt securities on our annual measurement date and is subject to change each year. We determine the expected return on plan assets based on our estimate of the return that plan assets will provide over the period that benefits are expected to be paid out. In preparing this estimate, we consider our targeted allocation of plan assets among securities with various risk and return profiles, as well as the actual returns provided by plan assets in prior periods. The expected return on plan assets is a long-term assumption and generally does not change annually. In estimating the health care cost trend rate, we consider our actual health care cost experience, industry trends, and advice from our third-party actuary. We assume that the relative increase in health care costs will generally trend downward over the next several years, reflecting assumed increases in efficiency in the health care system and industry-wide cost containment initiatives.
While management believes that the assumptions used are appropriate, differences in actual experience or changes in assumptions may affect our pension and postretirement benefit obligations and expense. For example, holding all other assumptions constant, a 1% increase or decrease in the assumed discount rate related to the retirement plan would decrease or increase, respectively, 2003 net period pension expense by approximately $0.9 million and $1.0 million, respectively. Likewise, a 1% increase or decrease in the assumed rate of return on plan assets would decrease or increase, respectively, 2003 net periodic pension expense by approximately $0.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively.
A 1% increase or decrease in the assumed discount rate related to the postretirement benefit plan would decrease or increase, respectively, 2003 net postretirement benefit expense by approximately $0.008 million and $0.5 million, respectively. Finally, a 1% increase in the assumed health care cost trend rate each year would increase the aggregate of the service and interest cost components of net postretirement benefit expense by $0.2 million. Conversely, a 1% decrease in the assumed health care cost trend rate each year would decrease the aggregate of the service and interest cost components of net postretirement benefit expense by approximately $0.2 million.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In July 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 146, Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities. SFAS No. 146 replaces Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) No. 94-3. SFAS No. 146 requires that a liability for a cost associated with an exit or disposal activity be recognized when the liability is incurred, whereas EITF No. 94-3 required recognition of the liability at the commitment date to an exit plan. We adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 146 effective for exit or disposal activities initiated after December 31, 2002 and the adoption did not have a material effect on our consolidated results of operations or financial position.
In November 2002, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 45, Guarantors Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness to Others (FIN No. 45). FIN No. 45 elaborates on the disclosures to be made by a guarantor in its financial statements about its obligations under certain guarantees that it has issued. It also clarifies that a guarantor is required to recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. Certain guarantee contracts are excluded from both the disclosure and recognition requirements of FIN No. 45,
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In January 2003, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, an Interpretation of ARB No. 51 (FIN No. 46). In December 2003, the FASB modified FIN No. 46 to make certain technical corrections and address certain implementation issues that had arisen. FIN No. 46 provides a new framework for identifying variable interest entities (VIEs) and determining when a company should include the assets, liabilities, noncontrolling interests and results of activities of a VIE in its consolidated financial statements. FIN No. 46 requires a VIE to be consolidated if a party with an ownership, contractual or other financial interest in the VIE (a variable interest holder) is obligated to absorb a majority of the risk of loss from the VIEs activities, is entitled to receive a majority of the VIEs residual returns (if no party absorbs a majority of the VIEs losses), or both. A variable interest holder that consolidates the VIE is called the primary beneficiary. Upon consolidation, the primary beneficiary generally must initially record all the VIEs assets, liabilities and noncontrolling interests at fair value and subsequently account for the VIE as if it were consolidated based on majority voting interest. FIN No. 46 also requires disclosures about VIEs that the variable interest holder is not required to consolidate but in which it has a significant variable interest.
FIN No. 46 was effective immediately for VIEs created after January 31, 2003. The provisions of FIN No. 46, as revised, were adopted as of December 31, 2003 for our interests in VIEs that are special purposes entities (SPEs). The adoption of FIN No. 46 for interests in SPEs on December 31, 2003 did not have a material effect on our consolidated balance sheet. We expect to adopt the provisions of FIN No. 46 for our variable interests in all VIEs as of March 31, 2004. The effect of adopting the provisions of FIN No. 46 for all our variable interests is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated balance sheet at March 31, 2004.
In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity. SFAS No. 150 requires issuers to classify as liabilities (or assets in some circumstances) three classes of freestanding financial instruments that embody obligations for the issuer. Generally, SFAS No. 150 is effective for financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003 and is otherwise effective at the beginning of the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2003. We adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 150 on July 1, 2003. We did not enter into any financial instruments within the scope of SFAS No. 150 after May 31, 2003. Adoption of this statement did not have any effect on our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2003, the FASB issued a revision to SFAS 132, Employers Disclosure about Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits. This revised statement requires that companies provide more detailed disclosures about the plan assets, benefit obligations, cash flows, benefit costs, and investment policies of their pension and postretirement benefit plans. This statement is effective for financial statements with fiscal years ending after December 15, 2003. We adopted the provisions of this statement on December 31, 2003.
Market Risk
Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices. Our primary exposure to market risk is from changes in the value of our investment in Viacom stock and changes in interest rates.
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Risk Related to a Change in Value of our Investment in Viacom Stock |
At December 31, 2003, we held an investment of 11.0 million shares of Viacom stock, which was received as the result of the sale of television station KTVT to CBS in 1999 and the subsequent acquisition of CBS by Viacom in 2000. We entered into a secured forward exchange contract related to 10.9 million shares of the Viacom stock in 2000. The secured forward exchange contract protects us against decreases in the fair market value of the Viacom stock, while providing for participation in increases in the fair market value. At December 31, 2003, the fair market value of our investment in the 11.0 million shares of Viacom stock was $488.3 million, or $44.38 per share. The secured forward exchange contract protects us against decreases in the fair market value of the Viacom stock by way of a put option at a strike price below $56.05 per share, while providing for participation in increases in the fair market value by way of a call option at a strike price of $75.30 per share, as of December 31, 2003. Future dividend distributions received from Viacom may result in an adjusted call strike price. Changes in the market price of the Viacom stock could have a significant impact on future earnings. For example, a 5% increase in the value of the Viacom stock at December 31, 2003 would have resulted in an increase of $8.7 million in the 2003 net pre-tax gain on the investment in Viacom stock and related derivatives. Likewise, a 5% decrease in the value of the Viacom stock at December 31, 2003 would have resulted in a decrease of $7.3 million in the 2003 net pre-tax gain on the investment in Viacom stock and related derivatives.
Risks Related to Changes in Interest Rates |
Interest rate risk related to our indebtedness. We have exposure to interest rate changes primarily relating to outstanding indebtedness under the Senior Notes, our Nashville hotel loan and our new revolving credit facility.
In conjunction with our offering of the Senior Notes, we terminated our variable to fixed interest rate swaps with an original notional value of $200 million related to the senior term loan and the subordinated term loan portions of the 2003 Florida/ Texas senior secured credit facility which were repaid for a net benefit aggregating approximately $242,000.
We also entered into a new interest rate swap with respect to $125 million aggregate principal amount of our Senior Notes. This interest rate swap, which has a term of ten years, effectively adjusts the interest rate of that portion of the Senior Notes to LIBOR plus 2.95%. The interest rate swap and the Senior Notes are deemed effective and therefore the hedge has been treated as an effective fair value hedge under SFAS No. 133. If LIBOR were to increase by 100 basis points, our annual interest cost would increase by approximately $1.3 million.
The terms of the Nashville hotel loan required the purchase of interest rate hedges in notional amounts equal to the outstanding balances of the Nashville hotel loans in order to protect against adverse changes in one-month LIBOR. Pursuant to these agreements, we have purchased instruments that cap its exposure to one-month LIBOR at 7.50%. If LIBOR and Eurodollar rates were to increase by 100 basis points each, our annual interest cost under the Nashville hotel loan based on debt amounts outstanding at December 31, 2003 would increase by approximately $2.0 million.
Cash Balances. Certain of our outstanding cash balances are occasionally invested overnight with high credit quality financial institutions. We do not have significant exposure to changing interest rates on invested cash at December 31, 2003. As a result, the interest rate market risk implicit in these investments at December 31, 2003, if any, is low.
Risks Related to Foreign Currency Exchange Rates. |
Substantially all of our revenues are realized in U.S. dollars and are from customers in the United States. Although we own certain subsidiaries who conduct business in foreign markets
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Summary |
Based upon our overall market risk exposures at December 31, 2003, we believe that the effects of changes in the stock price of our Viacom stock or interest rates could be material to our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, we believe that the effects of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows would not be material.
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BUSINESS
Our Company
We are the only hospitality company whose stated primary focus is the large group meetings segment of the lodging market. Our hospitality business includes our Gaylord branded hotels consisting of the Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center in Nashville, Tennessee, the Gaylord Palms Resort & Convention Center near Orlando, Florida and the Gaylord Texan Resort & Convention Center near Dallas, Texas. We also own and operate the Radisson Hotel at Opryland in Nashville, Tennessee. Driven by our All-in-One-Place strategy, our award-winning Gaylord branded hotels incorporate not only high quality lodging, but also significant meeting, convention and exhibition space, superb food and beverage options and retail facilities within a single self-contained property. As a result, our properties provide a convenient and entertaining environment for our convention guests. In addition, our custom-tailored, all-inclusive solutions cater to the unique needs of meeting planners.
In order to strengthen and diversify our hospitality business, on November 20, 2003, we acquired ResortQuest in a stock-for-stock transaction. ResortQuest is a leading provider of vacation condominium and home rental property management services in premier destination resort locations in the United States and Canada (based on the number of units it manages). This branded network of vacation rental properties currently offers management services to approximately 19,300 vacation rental properties, approximately 17,800 of which are under exclusive management contracts and approximately 1,500 of which are under non-exclusive management contracts.
We also own and operate several attractions in Nashville, including the Grand Ole Opry, a live country music variety show, which is the nations longest running radio show and an icon in country music. Our local Nashville attractions provide entertainment opportunities for Nashville-area residents and visitors, including our Nashville hotel and convention guests, while adding to our destination appeal.
Our operations are organized into four principal business segments: (i) Hospitality, which includes our hotel operations; (ii) Opry and Attractions, which includes our Nashville attractions and assets related to the Grand Ole Opry; (iii) ResortQuest, which provides vacation condominium and home rental management services and (iv) Corporate and Other, which includes corporate expenses and results from our minority investments.
Competitive Strengths
Strong revenue and cash flow visibility. We have significant visibility with regards to our future revenues and cash flows. Approximately 80% of our total room nights occupied in 2003 were related to large group meetings. Within the group meetings segment, we identify and market to meeting planners for large group clients who reserve more than 200 peak room nights per group event and typically hold meetings on an annual basis. In 2003, these large groups accounted for only 11% of the total number of our group customers but represented 81% of our occupied room nights. In order to reserve the required capacity, our large group clients typically contract room nights several years in advance. As of December 31, 2003, we have events booked as far into the future as 2021, with the median large group client contracting 3.3 years in advance. The terms of our contracts typically specify total number and average daily rates of reserved rooms and minimum food and beverage spending requirements, and often contain mechanisms to increase rates based on increases in hotel occupancy or on inflation measures and impose significant cancellation penalties. Approximately 47.5% of our group room nights in 2003 were generated by associations, which typically have more attendees, longer advance booking periods, longer stays and a pattern of rotating meetings through locations around the country. In addition, as their meetings are an integral part of the
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Superior business model. We believe that through a combination of excellent customer service, a unique product offering and an entertaining environment, we are able to provide our customers with a one-of-a-kind experience that distinguishes our hotels from those of our competitors. Our properties have gained significant industry recognition, as evidenced by Gaylord Opryland receiving the prestigious 2002 Gold Key Elite Award from Meeting & Conventions magazine, and the Gaylord Palms receiving the AAA Four Diamond Award 2003 and Successful Meetings Pinnacle Award 2003. Our superior business model is characterized by the following:
Excellent customer service. We strive to provide our hotel guests with a level of service that ranks among the highest in the industry. Through the Gaylord University training program, we instill our Consider it Done service philosophy in each employee. In order to maintain the highest levels of customer service and employee morale, we provide all property-level employees with financial incentives based on feedback received from our guests and the financial performance of their individual hotel. We strive to provide excellent service to all of our customers, and we also offer more specialized services that cater to the needs of the meeting planners who coordinate large group events. These services are designed to facilitate the entire process of an event from the initial planning and booking to its consummation. | |
Examples of such services include providing a single contact to plan the event, constructing a marketing toolkit to attract attendees and assigning a customer service representative at the hotel during the event to assist with smooth execution. | |
Unique product offering. Our hotels combine significant scale with an All-in-One-Place approach to create a product which we believe is unique in our industry. With some of the highest ratios of meeting space per room in our industry, our resort properties have the capability to accommodate multiple large groups simultaneously on a regular basis. Through our All-in-One-Place approach, we incorporate meeting and exhibition space, signature guest rooms, award-winning food and beverage offering, fitness facilities and other attractions within a single, self-contained location which provides our guests with a convenient and entertaining environment. This approach allows meeting planners to avoid local travel logistics issues, improves the attendees experience by enhancing interaction and allows us to gain a larger amount of our customers business than a traditional hotel. Capitalizing on this approach, our Gaylord branded hotels generally derive as much food, beverage and other revenues as room revenues. Finally, our Gaylord branded hotels offer state-of-the-art meeting facilities, a proprietary advanced meeting planner communication system, express check-out and customizable meeting room set-up, all of which provide maximum convenience to meeting planners and reduce administrative functions related to the organization of an event. | |
Entertaining environment. In an effort to provide the best all around experience to our guests, we offer unique entertainment options inside each of our resort hotels. Each of these hotels offers a series of expansive atriums themed to capture geographical and cultural aspects of the region in which the property is located. These properties also offer a wide range of restaurants, bars, shopping and other options to meet the varying |
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preferences of individual guests. Our in-house entertainment amenities are complemented by local attractions which add to our destination appeal. Our properties are strategically located in close proximity to a wide range of attractions which include the Grand Ole Opry and Ryman Auditorium in Nashville, Tennessee, Universal Studios® and Walt Disney World® in Orlando, Florida and Lake Grapevine and the Dallas Cowboys® Golf Club in Grapevine, Texas. Our attractions provide an advantage when we compete for large contracts as we are able to offer attractive entertainment rates as an incentive to book with us. We also opportunistically leverage our attractions by creating promotional packages which combine hotel stays with offerings of local attractions to drive leisure room night demand. These packages generate incremental business for our properties by attracting additional guests from the leisure travel segment as well as convincing convention attendees to return for leisure stays. |
Solid brand recognition. An American icon with a 75-year legacy, the Grand Ole Opry is a unique asset that provides us with a significant competitive advantage. The Grand Ole Opry appeals to the country lifestyle consumer, of which there is estimated to be approximately 70 million in the United States. The Grand Ole Opry has an 84% brand awareness among consumers in the U.S. and a 92% brand awareness among consumers in the country lifestyle demographic. Since 1925, when WSM-AM broadcast the first radio show which became the Grand Ole Opry, the Grand Ole Opry has entertained, and continues to entertain, millions of country-music lovers both nationally and abroad. With its high level of brand name awareness, the Grand Ole Opry provides us opportunities to leverage and extend its brand equity into other products and markets. In addition to significant brand awareness of the Grand Ole Opry name, we also enjoy a high level of brand name awareness among meeting planners with our Gaylord hotels brand.
Experienced and proven management. Our senior management team has substantial experience in the lodging industry. In April 2001, Michael Rose, Chairman, and Colin Reed, President and CEO, joined us with a combined 56 years of industry experience. Mr. Rose was previously Chairman of the Board of Promus Hotel Corporation and Chairman of the Board of Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. Prior to joining us, Mr. Reed was a member of the three-executive office of the President of Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. During 2001, Mr. Rose and Mr. Reed applied their industry experience to refocus Gaylord as the only hospitality company with a primary emphasis on the large group meetings segment. Upon joining Gaylord, Mr. Rose and Mr. Reed significantly improved the management team by replacing nine out of ten senior managers. On average, our new senior management team has approximately 13 years of experience in the hospitality industry.
Since early 2002, we identified and divested a number of non-core assets at attractive valuations. These divestitures resulted in cash proceeds in excess of $340 million, which we subsequently employed to repay existing debt and to partially fund the construction of our new Gaylord Texan hotel. In addition, our management team has implemented measures to improve customer satisfaction and employee morale and enacted cost-cutting measures aimed at improving operating performance and cash flow.
Business Strategy
Our goal is to become the nations premier hotel brand serving the meetings and conventions sector and to enhance our business by offering additional vacation and entertainment opportunities to our guests and target consumers. Our Gaylord branded hotels focus on the $86 billion large group meetings market. Our properties and service are designed to appeal to meeting planners who arrange these large group meetings. As a result of the ResortQuest acquisition, we now operate a leading provider of vacation condominium and home rental management services with approximately 19,300 vacation rental properties under management.
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All-in-One-Place product offering. Through our All-in-One-Place strategy, our Gaylord branded hotels incorporate meeting and exhibition space, signature guest rooms, award-winning food and beverage offerings, fitness facilities and other attractions within a large hotel property so our attendees needs are met in one location. This strategy creates a better experience for both meeting planners and our guests, while at the same time allowing us to capture a greater share of their event spending. It is through this strategy of a self-contained destination dedicated primarily to the meetings industry that our Gaylord Opryland hotel in Nashville and our Gaylord Palms hotel in Florida claim a place among the leading convention hotels in the country.
Create customer rotation between our hotels. In order to further capitalize on our success in Nashville, we opened our Gaylord Palms hotel in January 2002 and our new Gaylord Texan hotel in April 2004. In 2001, we refocused the efforts of our sales force to capitalize on our expansion and the desires of some of our large group clients to meet in different parts of the country each year. In addition, we establish relationships with new customers as we increase our geographic reach. For example, upon opening the Gaylord Palms, we added new association clients such as the North American Veterinarian Association. There is a significant opportunity to establish strong relationships with new customers and rotate them to our other properties. For example, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has contracted for approximately 25,000 room nights among our Gaylord branded hotels over the next 5 years.
Leverage brand name awareness. We believe that the Grand Ole Opry is one of the most recognized entertainment brands within the United States. We promote the Grand Ole Opry name through a number of media including our WSM-AM radio station, the internet, television and performances by the Grand Ole Oprys members, many of whom are renowned country music artists. In addition to these long-standing promotion media, we believe that significant growth opportunities exist through leveraging and extending the Grand Ole Opry brand into other products and markets. As such, we have alliances in place with multiple distribution partners such as Great American Country (GAC) cable television channel, Westwood One Radio Network and Sirius Satellite Radio in an effort to foster brand extension. We are currently exploring additional products, such as television specials and retail products, through which we can capitalize on our brand affinity and awareness. We believe that licensing our brand for products may provide an opportunity to increase revenues and cash flow with relatively little capital investment.
Capitalize on the ResortQuest acquisition. We believe the combination of Gaylord and ResortQuest has formed a stronger, more diversified hospitality company with the ability to offer a broader range of accommodations to existing and potential customers. We believe that there are significant opportunities to cross-sell hospitality products by offering ResortQuests vacation properties to our country lifestyle consumers and introducing our hotels and country lifestyle offerings to ResortQuests customers. Drawing upon the experience of our combined management teams, we believe that we can more fully develop the ResortQuest brand and take advantage of future growth opportunities through increased scale, improved operational efficiency and access to additional sources of capital. In addition, we have identified a number of cost saving opportunities and synergies, including eliminating redundant functions and optimizing the combined companys infrastructure.
Industry Description
According to Tradeshow Week, the large group meetings market generated approximately $86 billion of revenues for the companies that provide services to it. The convention hotel industry is estimated to have generated approximately $15 billion of these revenues. These revenues include event producer total gross sales (which includes exhibitor and sponsor
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The large group meetings market is comprised of approximately one million events annually, of which approximately 80% are corporate meetings and 18% are association meetings. The large majority of these events require less than 250,000 square feet of exhibit or meeting space, with only 8% requiring over 500,000 square feet. Examples of industries participating in these meetings include health care, home furnishings, computers, sporting goods and recreation, education, building and construction, industrial, agriculture, food and beverage, boats and automotive. Association-sponsored events, which draw a large number of attendees requiring extensive meeting space and room availability, account for over half of total group spending and economic impact. Because associations and trade shows generally select their sites 2 to 5 years in advance, thereby increasing earnings visibility, the convention hotel segment of the lodging industry is more predictable and less susceptible to economic downturns than the general lodging industry.
A number of factors contribute to the success of a convention center hotel, including the following: the availability of sufficient meeting and exhibit space to satisfy large group users; the availability of rooms at competitive prices; access to quality entertainment and food & beverage venues; destination appeal; appropriate regional professional and consumer demographics; adequate loading docks, storage facilities and security; ease of site access via air and ground transportation; and the quality of service provided by hotel staff and event coordinators. The ability to offer as many of these elements within close proximity of each other is important in order to reduce the organizational and logistical planning efforts of the meeting planner. The meeting planner, who acts as an intermediary between the hotel event coordinator and the group scheduling the event, is typically a convention hotels direct customer. Effective interaction and coordination with meeting planners is key to booking events and generating repeat customers.
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Largest Hotel Exhibit Hall Rankings 2003 |
Total | Number of | Total | ||||||||||||||
Exhibit Space | Meeting | Meeting Space | ||||||||||||||
Facility | City | (Sq. Ft.) | Rooms | (Sq. Ft.) | ||||||||||||
Sands Expo
|
Las Vegas, NV | 1,125,600 | 146 | 231,477 | ||||||||||||
Mandalay Bay Resort & Casino
|
Las Vegas, NV | 934,731 | 121 | 360,924 | ||||||||||||
Walt Disney World Swan and Dolphin
|
Lake Buena Vista, FL | 329,000 | 84 | 248,655 | ||||||||||||
Wyndham Anatole Hotel
|
Dallas, TX | 315,000 | 73 | 187,000 | ||||||||||||
Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention
Center
|
Nashville, TN | 288,972 | 85 | 300,000 | ||||||||||||
Hyatt Regency Chicagos Riverside Center
|
Chicago, IL | 225,000 | 71 | 115,000 | ||||||||||||
MGM Grand Hotel & Conference Center
|
Las Vegas, NV | 210,000 | 60 | 315,000 | ||||||||||||
The Westin Diplomat Resort & Spa
|
Hollywood, FL | 209,000 | 39 | 60,000 | ||||||||||||
Reno Hilton
|
Reno, NV | 190,000 | 40 | 110,000 | ||||||||||||
Gaylord Texan Resort & Convention Center*
|
Grapevine, TX | 179,800 | 69 | 180,000 | ||||||||||||
Gaylord Palms Resort & Convention Center
|
Kissimmee, FL | 178,500 | 61 | 200,000 |
Source: the Company; Tradeshow Week Major Exhibit Hall Directory 2003
* Opened April 2, 2004.
Hospitality
Gaylord Hotels Strategic Plan. Our goal is to become the nations premier brand in the meetings and convention sector. To accomplish this, our business strategy is to develop resorts and convention centers in desirable event destinations that are created based in large part on the needs of meeting planners and attendees. Using the slogan All-in-One-Place, our hotels incorporate meeting, convention and exhibition space with a large hotel property so the attendees never have to leave the location during their meetings. This concept of a self-contained destination dedicated primarily to the meetings industry has made Gaylord Opryland in Nashville one of the leading convention hotels in the country. In addition to operating Gaylord Opryland, we opened Gaylord Palms in Kissimmee, Florida in January 2002 and our new Gaylord Texan hotel in Grapevine, Texas on April 2, 2004, and have a contract to purchase land for the development of a hotel in the Washington, D.C. area. We believe that our new convention hotels will enable us to capture additional convention business from groups that currently utilize Gaylord Opryland but must rotate their meetings to other locations due to their attendees desires to visit different areas. Gaylord also anticipates that our new hotels will capture new group business that currently do not come to the Nashville market and will seek to gain additional business at Gaylord Opryland in Nashville once these groups have experienced a Gaylord hotel in other markets.
Gaylord Opryland Resort and Convention Center Nashville, Tennessee. Our flagship resort, Gaylord Opryland in Nashville, is one of the leading convention destinations in the United States based upon number of rooms, exhibit space and conventions held. Designed with the lavish gardens and magnificent charm of a glorious Southern mansion, the resort is situated on approximately 172 acres in the Opryland complex. Gaylord Opryland is one of the largest hotels
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Gaylord Palms Resort and Convention Center Kissimmee, Florida. We opened Gaylord Palms in January 2002. Gaylord Palms has 1,406 signature guest rooms and approximately 360,000 square feet of total meeting and exhibit space. The hotel is situated on a 65-acre site in Osceola County, Florida and is approximately 5 minutes from the main gate of the Walt Disney World® Resort complex. Gaylord Palms has a full-service spa, with 20,000-square feet of dedicated space and 15 treatment rooms. Hotel guests also have golf privileges at the world class Falcons Fire Golf Club, located a half-mile from the property. The Gaylord Palms has been recognized by many publications and was named Best Florida Resort by Florida Monthly for 2003.
Gaylord Texan Resort and Convention Center Grapevine, Texas. We opened our new Gaylord Texan hotel in April 2004. The 1,511 room hotel and convention center is located eight minutes from the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport. Like its sister property in Kissimmee, Florida, the Gaylord Texan features a grand atrium enclosing several acres as well as over 360,000 square feet of pre-function, meeting and exhibition space all under one roof. The property also includes a number of themed restaurants with an additional restaurant located on the point overlooking Lake Grapevine.
Gaylord Hotels Development Plan. In January 2000, we announced plans to develop a Gaylord hotel on property to be acquired on the Potomac River in Prince Georges County, Maryland (in the Washington, D.C. market). We have entered into a purchase agreement with respect to the site of our proposed development. The purchase agreement is subject to designated closing conditions and provides for liquidated damages, currently in the amount of $1.0 million, in the event we elect not to purchase the property once the closing conditions have been satisfied. This project is subject to market conditions, the availability of financing and resolution of certain zoning issues and approval of Gaylords board of directors. Gaylords management is also considering other sites to locate future Gaylord Hotel properties.
Radisson Hotel at Opryland. We also own and operate the Radisson Hotel at Opryland, a Radisson franchise hotel which is located across the street from Gaylord Opryland. The hotel has 303 rooms and approximately 14,000 square feet of meeting space. In March 2000, we entered into a 20-year franchise agreement with Radisson in connection with the operation of this hotel.
ResortQuest
ResortQuest is a leading provider of vacation condominium and home rental property management services in premier destination resort locations in the United States and Canada. ResortQuest has developed a branded network of vacation rental properties and currently offers management services to approximately 19,300 vacation rental properties, approximately 17,800 of which are under exclusive management contracts and 1,500 of which are under non-exclusive management contracts. ResortQuests operations are located in more than 50 premier beach, mountain, desert and tropical resort locations.
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Terms of the ResortQuest Acquisition |
Under the terms of the ResortQuest acquisition, GET Merger Sub, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Gaylord formed for the purpose of the ResortQuest acquisition, merged with and into ResortQuest. As a result, ResortQuest survived the merger and became a wholly owned subsidiary of Gaylord. ResortQuest stockholders received 0.275 shares of Gaylord common stock for each share of ResortQuest common stock they hold. Gaylord stockholders owned approximately 86% of the combined company and former ResortQuest stockholders owned approximately 14% of the combined company, on a fully diluted basis immediately following the merger. The combined company incurred fees and expenses related to the ResortQuest acquisition, including employee severance costs, at the time of the merger, certain of which will be reflected in the combined companys financial results for the period in which the merger was consummated.
Opry and Attractions Group
The Grand Ole Opry. The Grand Ole Opry, which celebrated its 75th anniversary in 2000, is one of the most widely known platforms for country music in the world. The Opry features a live country music show with performances every Friday and Saturday night, as well as a Tuesday Night Opry on a seasonal basis. The Opry House, home of the Grand Ole Opry, is located in the Opryland complex. The Grand Ole Opry moved to the Opry House in 1974 from its most famous home in the Ryman Auditorium in downtown Nashville.
Each week the Grand Ole Opry is broadcast live to millions of country lifestyle consumers on terrestrial radio via Westwood One, and WSM-AM, worldwide on the Armed Forces Radio Network, on satellite radio via Sirius Satellite Radio and on television via the Great American Country network and CMT-Canada. The broadcast of the Opry is also streamed on the Internet via www.opry.com and www.wsmonline.com. The show has been broadcast since 1925 on WSM-AM, making it the longest running live radio program in the United States. The television broadcast schedule on the Great American Country network will include 52 weekly telecasts airing on Saturday nights at 8 p.m. EST and repeating three times on weekends and twice on Tuesday evenings. The Grand Ole Opry is also re-aired on 205 radio stations across the country through syndication of Americas Grand Ole Opry Weekend, which is distributed by Westwood One. In addition to performances by members, the Grand Ole Opry presents performances by many other country music artists.
Ryman Auditorium. The Ryman Auditorium, which was built in 1892 and seats approximately 2,300, was recently designated as a National Historic Landmark. The former home of the Grand Ole Opry, the Ryman Auditorium was renovated and re-opened in 1994 for concerts and musical productions. The Grand Ole Opry returns to the Ryman Auditorium periodically, most recently from November 2003 to January 2004.
The General Jackson Showboat. We operate the General Jackson Showboat, a 300-foot, four-deck paddle wheel showboat, on the Cumberland River, which flows past the Gaylord Opryland complex in Nashville. Its Victorian Theatre can seat 620 people for banquets and 1,000 people for theater-style presentations. The showboat stages Broadway-style shows and other theatrical productions. The General Jackson is one of many sources of entertainment that Gaylord makes available to conventions held at Gaylord Opryland. During the day it operates cruises, primarily serving tourists visiting the Opryland complex and the Nashville area.
The Springhouse Golf Club. Home to a Senior PGA Tour event from 1994 to 2003 and minutes from Gaylord Opryland, the Springhouse Golf Club was designed by former U.S. Open and PGA Champion Larry Nelson. The 40,000 square-foot antebellum-style clubhouse offers meeting space for up to 450 guests.
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The Wildhorse Saloon. Since 1994, we have owned and operated the Wildhorse Saloon, a country music performance venue on historic Second Avenue in downtown Nashville. The three story facility includes a dance floor of approximately 2,500 square feet, a restaurant and banquet facility that can accommodate up to 2,000 guests.
Corporate Magic. In March 2000, we acquired Corporate Magic, Inc., a company specializing in the production of creative and entertainment events in support of the corporate and meeting marketplace. We believe the event and corporate entertainment planning function of Corporate Magic complements the meeting and convention aspects of our Gaylord Hotels business.
WSM-AM. WSM-AM commenced broadcasting in 1925. The involvement of Gaylords predecessors with country music dates back to the creation of the radio program that became The Grand Ole Opry, which has been broadcast live on WSM-AM since 1925. WSM-AM is broadcast from the Gaylord Opryland complex in Nashville and has a country music format. WSM-AM went on the air in 1925 and is one of the nations clear channel stations, meaning that no other station in a 750-mile radius uses the same frequency for nighttime broadcasts. As a result, the stations signal, transmitted by a 50,000 watt transmitter, can be heard at night in much of the United States and parts of Canada.
On July 21, 2003, we, through our wholly-owned subsidiary Gaylord Investments, Inc., sold the assets primarily used in the operations of WSM-FM and WWTN(FM) to Cumulus Broadcasting, Inc. for $62.5 million in cash, and Gaylord entered into a joint sales agreement with Cumulus for WSM-AM in exchange for approximately $2.5 million in cash. Under the joint sales agreement with Cumulus, Cumulus will sell all of the commercial advertising on WSM-AM and provide certain sales promotion and billing and collection services relating to WSM-AM, all for a specified fee. The joint sales agreement has a term of five years.
Corporate and Other
Bass Pro Shops. We own a 19.1% interest in Bass Pro, Inc. Bass Pro, Inc. owns and operates Bass Pro Shops, a retailer of premium outdoor sporting goods and fishing tackle. Bass Pro Shops serves its customers through an extensive mail order catalog operation, a retail center in Springfield, Missouri, and additional retail stores at Opry Mills in Nashville and in various other U.S. locations.
Nashville Predators. As of December 31, 2003, we own a 10.5% interest in the Nashville Hockey Club Limited Partnership, a limited partnership that owns the Nashville Predators, a National Hockey League franchise that begins its sixth season in the fall of 2003. In July of 2002 and 2003 respectively, we exercised the first two of our three put options, each of which gives us the right to require that the Predators repurchase one-third of its interest in the partnership. To date, the Predators have not completed this repurchase. In August 1999, we entered into a Naming Rights Agreement with the limited partnership whereby we purchased the right to name the Nashville Arena the Gaylord Entertainment Center and to place certain advertising within the arena. Under the agreement, which has a 20-year term, we are required to make annual payments, beginning at $2,050,000 in the first year and with a 5% escalation each year thereafter, and to purchase a minimum number of tickets to Predators games each year. We contend that we made the payment due under the Naming Rights Agreement by way of set off against obligations owed pursuant to the put option. We are currently in litigation with the Nashville Hockey Club Limited Partnership to resolve the disputes regarding the team ownership and the naming rights for the Gaylord Entertainment Center. See Legal Proceedings below.
Viacom. We hold an investment of approximately 11 million shares of Viacom Class B common stock (Viacom stock), which was received as the result of the sale of television station KTVT to CBS in 1999 and the subsequent acquisition of CBS by Viacom in 2000. We
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Implementation of Strategic Direction
During the second quarter of 2001, we hired a new Chairman of the Board and a new Chief Executive Officer. Once the new senior management team was in place, they devoted a significant portion of 2001 to reviewing the many different businesses they inherited when they joined the Company. After significant review, it was determined that, while we had four business segments for financial reporting purposes (Hospitality, Opry and Attractions Group, Media (consisting of our radio stations and other media assets) and Corporate and Other), the future direction of the Company would be based on two core asset groups, which were aligned as follows: (i) Hospitality Core Asset Group: consisting of the Gaylord Hotels and the various attractions that provide entertainment to guests of the hotels and (ii) Opry Core Asset Group: consisting of the Grand Ole Opry, WSM-AM radio, and the Ryman Auditorium.
As a result, it was determined that Acuff-Rose Music Publishing, Word Entertainment, Music Country/CMT International, Oklahoma RedHawks, Opry Mills, GET Management, WSM-FM and WWTN(FM) were not core assets of the Company, and as a result each has either been sold or otherwise disposed of by the Company as reflected in the following table.
Proceeds from Sale | ||||||||
Business Sold | Date | (Cash and Other) | ||||||
(In millions) | ||||||||
Interest in Oklahoma RedHawks
|
November 20, 2003 | $ | 6.0 | |||||
WSM-FM and WWTN(FM)
|
July 21, 2003 | 62.5 | ||||||
Acuff-Rose Music Publishing
|
August 27, 2002 | 157.0 | ||||||
Opry Mills 33.3% partnership interest
|
June 28, 2002 | 30.8 | ||||||
Music Country/CMT International
|
February 25, 2002 | 3.7 | ||||||
Word Entertainment
|
January 4, 2002 | 84.1 | ||||||
Gaylord Production Company, Gaylord Films,
Pandora Films, Gaylord Sports Management Group and Gaylord Event
Television
|
March 9, 2001 | 41.3 | (1) |
(1) | Shortly after the closing, the Oklahoma Publishing Company (OPUBCO), which purchased these assets, asserted that the Company breached certain representations and warranties in the purchase agreement. The Company entered into settlement negotiations pursuant to which the Company paid OPUBCO an aggregate of $825,000. |
Gaylord Digital, Pandora Films, Gaylord Films, Gaylord Sports Management, Gaylord Event Television, Gaylord Production Company, Z Music and the Opryland River Taxis, also not core assets of the Company, had previously been sold or otherwise disposed of by the Company. Remaining businesses to be sold include the Companys interests in the Nashville Predators and certain miscellaneous real estate holdings. Management has yet to make a final decision as to
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Employees
As of December 31, 2003, we had approximately 7,200 full-time and 2,650 part-time and temporary employees. Of these, approximately 3,650 full-time and 1,020 part-time employees were employed in Hospitality; approximately 300 full-time and 560 part-time employees were employed in Opry and Attractions Group; approximately 3,000 full-time and 1,000 part-time employees were employed in ResortQuest; and approximately 250 full-time and 70 part-time employees were employed in Corporate and Other. After the opening of the Gaylord Texan in April of 2004, it is anticipated that an additional 1,450 employees will be employed in Hospitality. We believe our relations with our employees are good.
Competition
Hospitality |
The Gaylord Hotel properties compete with numerous other hotels throughout the United States and abroad, particularly the approximately 84 convention hotels located outside of Las Vegas, Nevada that have more than 800 rooms each, and a significant amount of meeting and exhibit space. Many of these hotels are operated by companies with greater financial, marketing, and human resources than we have. We believe that competition among convention hotels is based on, among other things: (i) the hotels reputation, (ii) the quality of the hotels facility, (iii) the quality and scope of a hotels meeting and convention facilities and services, (iv) the desirability of a hotels location, (v) travel distance to a hotel for meeting attendees, (vi) a hotel facilitys accessibility to a recognized airport, (vii) the amount of entertainment and recreational options available in and in the vicinity of the hotel, and (viii) price. Our hotels also compete against municipal convention centers. These include the largest convention centers (e.g., Orlando, Chicago and Atlanta) as well as, for Gaylord Opryland, mid-size convention centers (between 100,000 and 500,000 square feet of meeting space located in second-tier cities).
The hotel business is management and marketing intensive. The Gaylord Hotels compete with other hotels throughout the United States for high quality management and marketing personnel. There can be no assurance that the Companys hotels will be able to attract and retain employees with the requisite managerial and marketing skills.
Opry and Attractions |
The Grand Ole Opry and other attractions businesses compete with all other forms of entertainment and recreational activities. The success of the Opry and Attractions group is dependent upon certain factors beyond our control including economic conditions, the amount of available leisure time, transportation cost, public taste, and weather conditions. Our radio station competes with numerous other types of entertainment businesses, and success is often dependent on taste and fashion, which may fluctuate from time to time. WSM-AM competes for advertising revenues with other radio stations in the Nashville market on the basis of formats, ratings, market share, and the demographic makeup of their audience. Advertising rates of WSM-AM are based principally on the size, market share, and demographic profile of its listening audiences. WSM-AM primarily competes for both audience share and advertising revenues and also competes with the Internet, newspapers, billboards, cable networks, local cable channels, and magazines for advertising revenues. Management competence and
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ResortQuest |
The vacation rental and property management industry is highly competitive and has low barriers to entry. The industry has two distinct customer groups: vacation property renters and vacation property owners. We believe that the principal competitive factors in attracting vacation property renters are:
| market share and visibility; | |
| quality, cost and breadth of services and properties provided; and | |
| long-term customer relationships. |
The principal competitive factors in attracting vacation property owners are the ability to generate higher rental income and the ability to provide comprehensive management services at competitive prices.
ResortQuest competes for vacationers and property owners primarily with over 4,000 individual vacation rental and property management companies that typically operate in a limited geographic area. Some of our competitors are affiliated with the owners or operators of resorts in which such competitors provide their services. Certain of these smaller competitors may have lower overhead cost structures and may be able to provide their services at lower rates.
ResortQuest also competes for vacationers with large hotel and resort companies. Many of these competitors have greater financial resources than we have, enabling them to finance acquisition and development opportunities, to pay higher prices for the same opportunities or to develop and support their own operations. In addition, many of these companies can offer vacationers services not provided by vacation rental and property management companies, and they may have greater name recognition among vacationers. These companies might be willing to sacrifice profitability to capture a greater portion of the market for vacationers or pay higher prices than we would for the same acquisition opportunities. Consequently, we may encounter significant competition in our efforts to achieve our internal and acquisition growth objectives as well as our operating strategies focused on increasing the profitability of our existing and subsequent acquisitions.
Regulation and Legislation
Hospitality |
The Gaylord Hotels and the Radisson Hotel at Opryland are subject to certain federal, state, and local governmental regulations including, without limitation, health, safety, and environmental regulations applicable to hotel and restaurant operations. We believe that we are in substantial compliance with such regulations. In addition, the sale of alcoholic beverages by a hotel requires a license and is subject to regulation by the applicable state and local authorities. The agencies involved have the power to limit, condition, suspend, or revoke any such license, and any disciplinary action or revocation could have an adverse effect upon the results of operations of our Hospitality segment.
Opry and Attractions |
WSM-AM is subject to regulation under the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (the Communications Act). Under the Communications Act, the Federal Communications
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Licenses issued for radio stations have terms of eight years. Radio broadcast licenses are renewable upon application to the FCC and in the past have been renewed except in rare cases. Competing applications will not be accepted at the time of license renewal, and will not be entertained at all unless the FCC first concludes that renewal of the license would not serve the public interest. A station will be entitled to renewal in the absence of serious violations of the Communications Act or the FCC regulations or other violations which constitute a pattern of abuse. We are not aware of any reason why our radio station license should not be renewed.
The foregoing is only a brief summary of certain provisions of the Communications Act and FCC regulations. The Communications Act and FCC regulations may be amended from time to time, and we cannot predict whether any such legislation will be enacted or whether new or amended FCC regulations will be adopted, or the effect on us of any such changes.
ResortQuest |
The operations of ResortQuest are subject to various federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations, including licensing requirements applicable to real estate operations and the sale of alcoholic beverages, laws and regulations relating to consumer protection and local ordinances. Many states have adopted specific laws and regulations which regulate our activities, such as:
| anti-fraud laws; | |
| real estate and travel services provider license requirements; | |
| environmental laws; | |
| telemarketing and consumer privacy laws; and | |
| the Fair Housing Act. |
The agencies involved in enforcing these laws and regulations have the power to limit, condition, suspend, or revoke any such license or activity by ResortQuest, and any disciplinary action or revocation affecting a significant portion of the operations of ResortQuest could have an adverse effect upon the results of operations of ResortQuest.
Properties
We own our executive offices and headquarters located at One Gaylord Drive, Nashville, Tennessee, which consists of a four-story office building comprising approximately 80,000 square feet. We own the land and improvements that comprise the Opryland complex in Nashville, Tennessee which are composed of the properties described below. We also own the former offices and television studios of TNN and CMT, all of which are located within the Opryland complex and contain approximately 84,000 square feet of space. These facilities were previously leased to CBS through September 30, 2002. Gaylord believes that its present facilities for each of its business segments are generally well maintained.
Hospitality |
The Opryland complex includes the site of Gaylord Opryland (approximately 172 acres). In connection with our Nashville hotel loan, a first mortgage lien was granted on Gaylord Opryland, including the site on which it stands. Gaylord has executed a 75-year lease with a 24-year
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Opry and Attractions |
We own the General Jackson Showboats docking facility and the Opry House, both of which are located within the Opryland complex. We also own the Springhouse Golf Club, an 18-hole golf course situated on over 200 acres and the 6.7-acre site of the Radisson Hotel at Opryland, both located near the Opryland complex. In downtown Nashville, we own the Ryman Auditorium and the Wildhorse Saloon dance hall and production facility. We own WSM Radios offices and studios, which are also located within the Opryland complex.
ResortQuest |
ResortQuest has approximately 200 properties in over 50 locations in 17 states in the U.S. and one province in Canada. These properties consist principally of offices and maintenance, laundry and storage facilities. We own approximately 40 of these facilities and lease approximately 160 properties. We consider all of these owned and leased properties to be suitable and adequate for the conduct of our business.
Legal Proceedings
We are a party to the lawsuit styled Nashville Hockey Club Limited Partnership v. Gaylord Entertainment Company, Case No. 03-1474, now pending in the Chancery Court for Davidson County, Tennessee. In its complaint for breach of contract, Nashville Hockey Club Limited Partnership alleged that we failed to honor our payment obligation under a Naming Rights Agreement for the multi-purpose arena in Nashville known as the Gaylord Entertainment Center. Specifically, Plaintiff alleged that we failed to make a semi-annual payment to Plaintiff in the amount of $1,186,565.50 when due on January 1, 2003 and in the amount of $1,245,894 when due on July 1, 2003. We contended that we effectively fulfilled our obligations due under the Naming Rights Agreement by way of set off against obligations owed by Plaintiff to CCK Holdings, LLC (CCK) under a put option CCK exercised pursuant to the Partnership Agreement between CCK and Plaintiff. CCK has assigned the proceeds of its put option to us. We vigorously contested this case by filing an answer and counterclaim denying any liability to Plaintiff, specifically alleging that all payments due to Plaintiff under the Naming Rights Agreement had been paid in full and asserting a counterclaim for amounts owing on the put option under the Partnership Agreement. Plaintiff filed a motion for summary judgment which was argued on February 6, 2004, and on March 10, 2004 the Chancellor granted the Plaintiffs motion, requiring us to make payments (including $4.1 million payable to date) under the Naming Rights Agreement in cash and finding that conditions to the satisfaction of our put option have not been met. Gaylord intends to appeal this decision and continue to vigorously assert its rights in this litigation. Because we continued to recognize the expense under the Naming Rights Agreement, payment of the accrued amounts under the Naming Rights Agreement will not affect our results of operation.
One of our ResortQuest subsidiaries is a party to the lawsuit styled Awbrey et al. v. Abbott Realty Services, Inc., Case No. 02-CA-1203, now pending in the Okaloosa County, Florida Circuit Court. The plaintiffs are owners of 16 condominium units at the Jade East condominium development in Destin, Florida, and they have filed suit alleging, among other things, nondisclosure and misrepresentation by our real estate sales agents in the sale of Plaintiffs units. Plaintiffs seek unspecified damages and a jury trial. We have filed pleadings denying the Plaintiffs allegations and asserting several affirmative defenses, among them that the claims of
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We maintain various insurance policies, including general liability and property damage insurance, as well as workers compensation, business interruption, and other policies, which we believe provide adequate coverage for the risks associated with our range of operations. Various of our subsidiaries are involved in lawsuits incidental to the ordinary course of their businesses, such as personal injury actions by guests and employees and complaints alleging employee discrimination. We believe that we are adequately insured against these claims by our existing insurance policies and that the outcome of any pending claims or proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations.
We may have potential liability under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, as amended (CERCLA or Superfund), for response costs at two Superfund sites. The liability relates to properties formerly owned by our predecessor. In 1991, OPUBCO assumed these liabilities and agreed to indemnify us for any losses, damages, or other liabilities incurred by it in connection with these matters. We believe that OPUBCOs indemnification will fully cover our Superfund liabilities, if any, and that, based on our current estimates of these liabilities, OPUBCO has sufficient financial resources to fulfill its indemnification obligations.
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MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth certain information regarding the directors and executive officers of the Company as of April 7, 2004.
Name | Age | Position | ||||
Michael D. Rose
|
62 | Chairman of the Board of Directors | ||||
Colin V. Reed
|
56 | President, Chief Executive Officer and Director | ||||
David C. Kloeppel
|
34 | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||||
Jay D. Sevigny
|
44 | Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, Gaylord Hotels | ||||
Mark Fiorvanti
|
42 | Executive Vice President and President of ResortQuest | ||||
John P. Caparella
|
46 | Senior Vice President and General Manager, Gaylord Palms Resort and Convention Center | ||||
Carter R. Todd
|
46 | Senior Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel | ||||
Rod Connor
|
51 | Senior Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer | ||||
Robert P. Bowen
|
62 | Director | ||||
E. K. Gaylord II
|
46 | Director | ||||
E. Gordon Gee
|
60 | Director | ||||
Laurence S. Geller
|
56 | Director | ||||
Ralph Horn
|
63 | Director | ||||
Michael I. Roth
|
58 | Director |
Michael D. Rose has served as Chairman of the Board of the Company since April 2001. Prior to that time, he was a private investor, and prior to December 1997, he was Chairman of the Board of Promus Hotel Corporation, Memphis, Tennessee, a franchiser and operator of hotel brands. Prior to January 1997, Mr. Rose was also Chairman of the Board of Harrahs Entertainment, Inc., an owner and manager of casinos in the United States. Mr. Rose is also a director of five other public companies, Darden Restaurants, Inc., an owner and operator of casual dining restaurants, FelCor Lodging Trust, Inc., a hotel real estate investment trust, First Tennessee National Corporation, a bank holding company, General Mills, Inc., a producer of packaged consumer foods, and Stein Mart, Inc. an owner and operator of retail apparel stores.
Colin V. Reed was elected President and Chief Executive Officer and a director of the Company in April 2001. Prior to that time, he was a member of the three-executive Office of the President of Harrahs Entertainment since May 1999 and the Chief Financial Officer of Harrahs Entertainment since April 1997. Mr. Reed was a director of Harrahs Entertainment from 1998 to May 2001. He was Executive Vice President of Harrahs Entertainment from September 1995 to May 1999 and has served in several other management positions with Harrahs Entertainment and its predecessor, Holiday Corp., since 1977. As part of his duties at Harrahs Entertainment, Mr. Reed served as a director and Chairman of the Board of JCC Holding Company, an entity in which Harrahs Entertainment held a minority interest. On January 4, 2001, JCC Holding Company filed a petition for reorganization relief under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. Mr. Reed is a director of Rite Aid Corporation, an owner and operator of retail drugstores.
David C. Kloeppel is the Companys Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Prior to joining the Company in September of 2001, Mr. Kloeppel worked in the Mergers and Acquisitions Department at Deutsche Bank in New York, where he was responsible for that departments activities in the lodging, leisure and real estate sectors. Mr. Kloeppel earned an MBA from Vanderbilt Universitys Owen Graduate School of Management, graduating with highest honors. He received his bachelor of science degree from Vanderbilt University, majoring in economics.
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Jay D. Sevigny is Executive Vice President of the Company and Chief Operating Officer, Gaylord Hotels, positions he has held since January 2004. From February 2002 until December 2003, Mr. Sevigny served as President of the Companys Gaylord Opryland Resort and Convention Center in Nashville. Mr. Sevigny was hired in October 2001 as the Senior Vice President in charge of the Companys Marketing and Attractions. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Sevigny worked in different capacities for Harrahs Entertainment, most recently as Division President Hotel/ Casino in Las Vegas during 2000 and 2001, and as President and Chief Operating Officer of Harrahs New Orleans casino operations from 1998 to 2000. From 1997 to 1998, Mr. Sevigny was President of Midwest Operations for Station Casino in Kansas City, Missouri. Mr. Sevigny has a finance degree from the University of Nevada and is enrolled in the Executive MBA Program at Vanderbilt Universitys Owen Graduate School of Management.
Mark Fiorvanti has been an Executive Vice President of the Company and President of ResortQuest International since March 2004. From November 2002 until March 2004, Mr. Fiorvanti was the Companys Senior Vice President of Marketing. Prior to joining the Company in November 2002, Mr. Fiorvanti spent nine years with Harrahs Entertainment, where he was most recently Vice President of Finance and Administration of Harrahs New Orleans. Mr. Fiorvantis other roles at Harrahs Entertainment included Corporate Director of Strategic Planning and Director of Market Planning and Strategy. Mr. Fiorvanti, who has over 16 years experience in the hospitality, casino entertainment and real estate industries, graduated from The Ohio State University, where he earned his bachelor of science degree. He also holds a masters of business administration from the University of Tennessee.
John P. Caparella is a Senior Vice President of the Company and the General Manager of Gaylord Palms Resort and Convention Center, positions he has held since joining the Company in November 2000. Prior to such time, Mr. Caparella served as Executive Vice President, Planning, Development and Administration and President of PlanetHollywood.com for Planet Hollywood International, Inc., a creator and developer of consumer brands relating to movies, sports and other entertainment-based themes, in Orlando, Florida since September 1997. Before joining Planet Hollywood, Mr. Caparella was with ITT Sheraton, an owner and operator of hotel brands, for 17 years in convention, resort, business and 4-star luxury properties, as well as ITT Sheratons corporate headquarters. Mr. Caparella is a graduate of the State University of New York at Delhi.
Carter R. Todd joined Gaylord Entertainment Company in July 2001 as the Companys Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary. Prior to that time, he was a Corporate and Securities partner in the Nashville office of the regional law firm Baker, Donelson, Bearman & Caldwell. Mr. Todd has practiced law in Nashville since 1982 and is a graduate of Vanderbilt University School of Law and Davidson College.
Rod Connor is Senior Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer of the Company, a position he has held since September 2003. From January 2002 to September 2003, he was Senior Vice President of Risk Management and Administration. From December 1997 to January 2002, Mr. Connor was Senior Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer. From February 1995 to December 1997, he was the Vice President and Corporate Controller of the Company. Mr. Connor has been an employee of the Company for over 30 years. Mr. Connor, who is a certified public accountant, has a B.S. degree in accounting from the University of Tennessee.
Robert P. Bowen has been a director of the Company since 2003 and is a retired partner of Arthur Andersen, and from 1980 to 1998, he was partner-in-charge of the audit practice of Andersens Memphis and Little Rock offices. For more than 25 years he specialized in the hospitality/hotel and entertainment industry, and was a member of Andersens worldwide hospitality industry team. Mr. Bowen joined Andersen in 1968, after receiving his MBA from Emory University. He retired from Andersen in August of 1999.
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E. K. Gaylord II has been a director of the Company since 1977 and served as the Companys Chairman of the Board from May 1999 through April 2001. He served as interim President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company from late July until September 2000, and as Vice-Chairman of the Board from May 1996 to May 1999. Mr. Gaylord was the President of OPUBCO from June 1994 until December 2002. He is the Chairman and owner of Gaylord Films and a director of the National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum. He is also on the board of the Breeders Cup. He is the son of the late Mr. Edward L. Gaylord, a former director, and the brother of Mrs. Christine Gaylord Everest, a former director of the Company.
E. Gordon Gee has been a director of the Company since 2002 and is Chancellor of Vanderbilt University, where he has been employed since August 2000. Previously, Mr. Gee was President of Brown University from January 1998 until January 2000, and was President of Ohio State University from September 1990 to January 1998. Mr. Gee is a member of the board of directors of Hasbro, Inc., The Limited, Inc., Dollar General Corp. and Massey Energy Company.
Laurence S. Geller has been a director of the Company since 2002. He is the Chairman, and has served as the Chief Executive Officer since May 1997, of Strategic Hotel Capital, L.L.C., a global lodging real estate company. He served as Chairman of Geller & Co, an advisory company to the real estate, gaming, tourism, and lodging industries, from 1989 until 1997. Mr. Geller has been active in the real estate and lodging industries and has served as a director or fellow of numerous industry associations including the Industry Real Estate Financing Advisory Council of the American Hotel and Lodging Foundation and the Commercial and Retail Council of Urban Land Institute.
Ralph Horn has been a director of the Company since 2001. Mr. Horn served as the Chairman of the Board of First Tennessee National Corporation and First Tennessee Bank, National Association, its principal subsidiary, from 1996 until his retirement in December 2003. Mr. Horn served as Chief Executive Officer of First Tennessee National Corporation from 1994 through 2002 and as its President from 1991 through 2001. Mr. Horn is a director of Harrahs Entertainment, Inc., an owner and manager of casinos in the United States, and Mid-American Apartment Communities, Inc.
Michael I. Roth has been a director of the Company since 2004 and has been Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of The MONY Group Inc. and its predecessor entities since 1997. He is Chairman of the Board (since July 1993) and Chief Executive Officer (since January 1993) of MONY Life Insurance Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of The MONY Group Inc., and has been a director of The MONY Group Inc. and its predecessor entities since May 1991. Mr. Roth is a director of the American Council of Life Insurance, The Life Insurance Council of New York, Insurance Marketplace Standards Association, Enterprise Foundation (a charitable foundation which develops housing and which is not affiliated with the Enterprise Group of Funds), Metropolitan Development Association of Syracuse and Central New York, Enterprise Group of Funds, Inc., Enterprise Accumulation Trust, Pitney Bowes, Inc., The Partnership for New York City, Committee to Encourage Corporate Philanthropy, and Interpublic Group of Companies. Mr. Roth also serves on the Board of Governors of the United Way of Tri-State and is a member of the Lincoln Center Consolidated Corporate Fund Leadership Committee.
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SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
The following table sets forth information regarding the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of April 1, 2004 (unless otherwise noted) for the selling stockholders. The percentages of shares outstanding provided in the table are based on 39,508,277 voting shares outstanding as of April 1, 2004. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to securities. Unless otherwise indicated, each person or entity named in the table has sole voting and investment power, or shares voting and investment power with his or her spouse, with respect to all shares of stock listed as owned by that person. The number of shares shown does not include the interest of certain persons in shares held by family members in their own right. Shares issuable upon the exercise of options that are exercisable within 60 days of April 1, 2004 are considered outstanding for the purpose of calculating the percentage of outstanding shares of our common stock held by the individual, but not for the purpose of calculating the percentage of outstanding shares held by any other person. The table assumes no exercise of the underwriters overallotment option.
Shares Owned | Percent | Shares to | Shares Owned | Percent | |||||||||||||||||
Name of Owner | Before Offering | of Class | be Sold | After Offering | of Class | ||||||||||||||||
Selling Stockholders:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
E. L. and Thelma Gaylord Foundation
|
5,405,978 | (1) | 13.7 | % | 3,043,479 | 2,362,499 | 6.0 | % | |||||||||||||
GFI Company/The Oklahoma Publishing Company
Voting Trust
|
2,103,766 | (2) | 5.3 | % | 1,829,362 | 274,404 | * | ||||||||||||||
Christine Gaylord Everest
|
3,035,712 | (3) | 7.7 | % | 303,620 | 902,730 | 2.3 | % | |||||||||||||
Louise Gaylord Bennett
|
924,509 | (4) | 2.3 | % | 695,652 | 228,857 | * |
* | Less than 1% |
Upon completion of this offering, we intend to enter into a registration rights agreement with the selling stockholders and certain other Gaylord family stockholders pursuant to which they may request a registration of their remaining common stock and sell their common stock in an underwritten public offering and may also participate in up to two offerings conducted by us, if any, under certain circumstances.
(1) | Based upon information provided to us by the E.L. and Thelma Gaylord Foundation (the Foundation). The Foundation has sole voting power and sole dispositive power with respect to these shares. Under the terms of the E.L. and Thelma Gaylord Foundation Trust Agreement dated December 27, 1994, as amended, the trustees of the Foundation, acting by majority vote, have the power to vote or direct the vote of and to dispose or direct the disposition of such shares. The four (4) trustees of the Foundation are: (i) Christine Gaylord Everest (a former director of the Company, having a principal occupation of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of OPUBCO and having an address of 9000 North Broadway, Oklahoma City, OK 73114); (ii) Mary Gaylord McClean (having a principal occupation of farmer/rancher and having an address of P.O. Box 100, Simpsonville, KY 40067); (iii) Louise Gaylord Bennett (having a principal occupation of investments and having an address of P.O. Box 25125, Oklahoma City, OK 73125); and (iv) David O. Hogan (having an occupation of accountant and President, Hogan & Slovacek, a Professional Corporation and having an address of 6120 South Yale Avenue, Suite 600, Tulsa, OK 74136). The address for the Foundation is 9000 North Broadway, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73114. |
(2) | Based upon information provided to the Company by OPUBCO. The Oklahoma Publishing Company Voting Trust (OPUBCO VT), of which Christine Gaylord Everest, Martin C. Dickinson (also a former director of the Company), Mary Gaylord McClean and Louise Gaylord Bennett are voting trustees, has, by virtue of its control of OPUBCO, shared voting and investment power with respect to 2,103,766 shares, all of which shares are held by GFI Company (GFI) a wholly-owned subsidiary of OPUBCO. OPUBCO VT disclaims beneficial ownership of 2,103,766 of the shares. OPUBCO has shared voting and investment power with respect to the 2,103,766 shares held by GFI. Ms. Everest is President of GFI with sole power to vote and dispose of the 2,103,766 shares as portfolio securities of GFI. OPUBCO disclaims beneficial ownership of these shares. GFI has sole voting and investment power with respect to these shares. The address for all of these persons is 9000 North Broadway, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73114. GFIs address is Hughes Center 1, 3960 Howard Hughes Parkway, 5th Floor, Las Vegas, NV 89109. |
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(3) | Based upon information set forth in Amendment No. 10 to Schedule 13D/A, filed with the SEC on April 8, 2004 jointly by OPUBCO VT, OPUBCO, GFI, the Edward L. Gaylord Revocable Trust and Ms. Everest, as well as information provided to the Company by Ms. Everest. Ms. Everest has sole power to vote or direct the vote of, and sole power to dispose or direct the disposition of, 3,032,037 shares, and shared power to vote or direct the vote of, and shared power to dispose or direct the disposition of, 3,675 shares. This figure does not include shares owned by Ms. Everests husband James H. Everest or her siblings E. K. Gaylord II, Louise Gaylord Bennett (Ms. Bennett) and Mary Gaylord McClean (Ms. McClean), as to which Ms. Everest disclaims beneficial ownership. It does include 849,163 shares held by Ms. Everest directly; 3,675 shares beneficially owned by the Jean I. Everest Foundation, a charitable foundation of which Ms. Everest is a co-Trustee with James H. Everest; and 79,108 shares issuable upon the exercise of options to purchase common stock outstanding as of April 1, 2004. It also includes 2,103,766 shares held by GFI, a corporation of which Ms. Everest is President with sole power to vote and dispose of the shares as portfolio securities of GFI. This figure does not include 130,581 shares beneficially owned by the Edward L. Gaylord Revocable Trust, of which Ms. Everest is a co-Trustee with Ms. McClean, Ms. Bennett and David O. Hogan (Mr. Hogan); 128,625 shares beneficially owned by The Oklahoman Foundation, a charitable trust of which Ms. Everest is a co-Trustee with Ms. McClean, Ms. Bennett and Mr. Hogan; and 5,405,978 shares beneficially owned by the Foundation, of which Ms. Everest is a co-Trustee with Ms. McClean, Ms. Bennett and Mr. Hogan. Ms. Everest disclaims a pecuniary interest as a beneficial owner in the share held by OPUBCO, GFI, The Oklahoman Foundation, the Jean I. Everest Foundation, and the Foundation. |
(4) | Based upon information set forth in Amendment No. 10 to Schedule 13D/A, filed with the SEC on April 8, 2004 jointly by OPUBCO VT, OPUBCO, GFI, the Edward L. Gaylord Revocable Trust and Ms. Everest, as well as information provided to the Company by Ms. Bennett. Based on information provided to the Company by Ms. Bennett, Ms. Bennett has the sole power to vote or direct the vote of, or to dispose or direct the disposition of all of these shares, which she holds directly. This figure does not include shares owned by Ms. Bennetts siblings, E. K. Gaylord II, Ms. Everest and Ms. McClean, as to which Ms. Bennett disclaims beneficial ownership. This figure further excludes 130,581 shares beneficially owned by the Edward L. Gaylord Revocable Trust, of which Ms. Bennett is a co-Trustee with Ms. McClean, Ms. Everest and Mr. Hogan; 5,405,978 shares beneficially owned by the Foundation, of which Ms. Bennett is a co-Trustee with Ms. McClean, Ms. Everest and Mr. Hogan; and 128,625 shares beneficially owned by The Oklahoman Foundation, a charitable trust of which Ms. Bennett is a co-Trustee with Ms. Everest, Ms. McClean and Mr. Hogan. Ms. Bennett disclaims a pecuniary interest as a beneficial owner in the shares held by the Foundation and The Oklahoman Foundation. |
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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
The following description of our capital stock sets forth material terms and provisions of our common stock. You should read our current restated certificate of incorporation and the amendment to the restated certificate of incorporation (together, the certificate of incorporation) for more detailed terms of our capital stock.
Common Stock
We have authority to issue up to 150 million shares of common stock. As of April 1, 2004, 39,508,277 shares of our common stock were outstanding. Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share of common stock held of record on all matters on which stockholders are entitled to vote. There are no cumulative voting rights and holders of common stock do not have preemptive rights. All issued and outstanding shares of common stock are validly issued, fully paid, and nonassessable. Holders of common stock are entitled to such dividends as may be declared from time to time by the board of directors out of funds legally available for that purpose. Upon dissolution, holders of common stock are entitled to share pro rata in our assets remaining after payment in full of all our liabilities and obligations, including payment of the liquidation preference, if any, of any preferred stock then outstanding.
Preferred Stock
Our board of directors, without further action by the stockholders, is authorized to issue up to 100 million shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to designate as to any such series the dividend rate, redemption prices, preferences on liquidation or dissolution, conversion rights, voting rights, and any other preferences, and relative, participating, optional, or other special rights and qualifications, limitations, or restrictions. The rights of the holders of our common stock are subject to, and may be affected adversely by, the rights of the holders of any preferred stock that may be issued in the future. Issuance of a new series of preferred stock, while providing desirable flexibility in connection with possible acquisitions or other corporate purposes, could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or of discouraging a third party from acquiring, a majority of our outstanding voting stock.
Transfer Agent and Registrar
We have appointed SunTrust Bank, Atlanta, Georgia as the Transfer Agent and Registrar for our common stock.
Redemption Provision
Applicable law requires that the total percentage of shares of our capital stock owned of record or voted by non-United States persons or entities shall not exceed 25% and contains certain other restrictions on stock ownership. Under Article IV(D) of the certificate of incorporation, we have the right to prohibit the ownership or voting, or to redeem outstanding shares, of our capital stock if the board of directors determines that such prohibition or redemption is necessary to prevent the loss or secure the reinstatement of any governmental license or franchise held by us or to otherwise comply with the Communications Act of 1934 or any other similar legislation affecting us.
The Delaware Business Combination Act
We are a Delaware corporation and are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the DGCL). In general, Section 203 provides that a Delaware corporation may not, for a period of three years, engage in any of a broad range of business combinations with a person or affiliate or associate of such person who is an interested stockholder (defined generally as a person who, together with affiliates
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Certain Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaw Provisions
General |
Certain provisions of the certificate of incorporation and our bylaws could have an anti-takeover effect. These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continuity and stability in the composition of our board of directors and in the policies formulated by our board of directors and to discourage certain types of transactions described below, which may involve an actual or threatened change of control. The provisions are designed to reduce the vulnerability of our company to an unsolicited proposal for a takeover that does not contemplate the acquisition of all of our outstanding shares or an unsolicited proposal for the restructuring or sale of all or part of our company. The provisions are also intended to discourage certain tactics that may be used in proxy fights. Our board of directors believes that, as a general rule, such takeover proposals would not be in the best interests of our company and our stockholders. Absent a change in circumstances, the Company does not intend to amend its certificate of incorporation or bylaws during the pendency of this offering.
Special Meetings of Stockholders; Action by Written Consent
The certificate of incorporation provides that no action may be taken by stockholders except at an annual or special meeting of stockholders and prohibits action by written consent in lieu of a meeting. The certificate of incorporation provides that special meetings of stockholders may be called only by the Chairman or by a majority of the members of our board of directors. This provision will make it more difficult for stockholders to take action opposed by our board of directors.
Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals and Director Nominations
The bylaws establish an advance notice procedure for the nomination, other than by or at the direction of our board of directors or a committee thereof, of candidates for election as directors as well as for other stockholder proposals to be considered at stockholders annual meetings. These limitations on stockholder proposals do not restrict a stockholders right to include proposals in our annual meeting proxy materials pursuant to rules promulgated under the Exchange Act. The purpose of requiring advance notice is to afford our board of directors an opportunity to consider the qualifications of the proposed nominees or the merits of other stockholder proposals and, to the extent deemed necessary or desirable by our board of directors, to inform stockholders about those matters.
Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws Amendments
The certificate of incorporation requires the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of our capital stock in order to amend certain of its provisions, including any provisions concerning (a) the election and removal of directors, (b) the amendment of the bylaws, (c) any proposed compromise or arrangement between us and our creditors, (d) the withholding of the rights of stockholders to act by written consent or to call
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In addition, the certificate of incorporation provides that stockholders may only amend the bylaws by the affirmative vote of 66 2/3% of our outstanding voting stock.
Indemnification and Insurance |
Pursuant to authority conferred by the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation contains a provision providing that no director shall be liable to the company or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except to the extent that such exemption from liability or limitation thereof is not permitted under the DGCL as then in effect or as the same may be amended. This provision is intended to eliminate the risk that a director might incur personal liability to us or our stockholders for breach of the duty of care.
DGCL Section 145 contains provisions permitting, and in some situations requiring, Delaware corporations, such as Gaylord, to provide indemnification to their officers and directors for losses and litigation expenses incurred in connection with their service to the corporation in those capacities. Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions requiring indemnification by the company of, and advancement of expenses to, its directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by law. Among other things, these provisions generally provide indemnification for our officers and directors against liabilities for judgments in and settlements of lawsuits and other proceedings and for the advance and payment of fees and expenses reasonably incurred by the director or officer in defense of any such lawsuit or proceeding if the director or officer acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of our company, and in certain cases, only if the director or officer is not adjudged to be liable to the company.
We maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director or officer of our company, or is now or was a director or officer of the company serving at the request of the company as a director, officer, employee, or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan, or other enterprise, against any liability asserted against him and incurred by him in any such capacity, or arising out of his status as such, whether or not the company would have the power or the obligation to indemnify him against such liability under the provisions of the bylaws. Holders of common stock have no preemptive or other subscription rights, and there are no conversion rights or redemption or sinking fund provisions with respect to such shares. All outstanding shares of common stock are, and all shares being offered by this prospectus will be when issued against payment of the consideration payable therefor, fully paid and not liable to further calls or assessment by us.
The ability of our board of directors to issue preferred stock with provisions determined by the board of directors, and some of the provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or discouraging a third party from attempting to acquire, control of us. These provisions could limit the price investors may be willing to pay for our common stock, and may deprive holders of our common stock of any premium that they might otherwise realize from a takeover.
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UNDERWRITING
Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. are the joint book-running managers of this offering and are acting as representatives of the underwriters set forth in the table below. Subject to the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement, the underwriters named below have severally agreed to purchase from the selling stockholders the following respective number of shares of common stock at a public offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions set forth on the cover page of this prospectus:
Number | |||||
Underwriters | of Shares | ||||
Deutsche Bank Securities Inc.
|
|||||
J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.
|
|||||
JMP Securities LLC
|
|||||
Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc.
|
|||||
Total
|
5,872,113 | ||||
The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the several underwriters to purchase the shares of common stock offered hereby are subject to certain conditions precedent and that the underwriters will purchase all of the shares of common stock offered by this prospectus, other than those covered by the over-allotment option described below, if any of these shares are purchased.
We have been advised by the representatives of the underwriters that the underwriters propose to offer the shares of common stock to the public at the public offering price set forth on the cover of this prospectus and to dealers at a price that represents a concession not in excess of $ per share under the public offering price. The underwriters may allow, and these dealers may re-allow, a concession of not more than $ per share to other dealers. After the public offering, representatives of the underwriters may change the offering price and other selling terms.
The selling stockholders have granted to the underwriters an option, exercisable not later than 30 days after the date of this prospectus, to purchase up to 880,816 additional shares of common stock at the public offering price less the underwriting discounts and commissions set forth on the cover page of this prospectus. The underwriters may exercise this option only to cover over-allotments made in connection with the sale of the common stock offered by this prospectus. To the extent that the underwriters exercise this option, each of the underwriters will become obligated, subject to conditions, to purchase approximately the same percentage of these additional shares of common stock as the number of shares of common stock to be purchased by it in the above table bears to the total number of shares of common stock offered by this prospectus. The selling stockholders will be obligated, pursuant to the option, to sell these additional shares of common stock to the underwriters to the extent the option is exercised. If any additional shares of common stock are purchased, the underwriters will offer the additional shares on the same terms as those on which the 5,872,113 shares are being offered.
The underwriting discounts and commissions per share are equal to the public offering price per share of common stock less the amount paid by the underwriters to us per share of common stock. The underwriting discounts and commissions are % of the public offering price. The selling stockholders have agreed to pay the underwriters the following discounts and
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Total Fees | ||||||||||||
Without Exercise of | With Full Exercise | |||||||||||
Over-Allotment | of Over-Allotment | |||||||||||
Fee per share | Option | Option | ||||||||||
Discounts and commissions paid
|
$ | $ | $ |
In addition, we estimate that the total expenses of this offering, excluding underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately $ , which will be payable by the selling stockholders.
We and the selling stockholders have agreed to indemnify the underwriters against some specified types of liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, and to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make in respect of any of these liabilities.
The selling stockholders, certain other stockholders and each of our officers and directors have agreed, for a period ending 90 days after the date of this prospectus, (i) not to offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of our common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of our common stock or (ii) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the shares of our common stock, whether any such transaction described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of shares of our common stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise or (iii) make any demand for or exercise any right with respect to the registration of any shares of our common stock or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of our common stock without the prior written consent of Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. other than exercising employee or director stock options. This consent may be given at any time without public notice. We have entered into a similar agreement with the underwriters except that without such consent we may issue shares of our common stock upon exercise of outstanding warrant agreements and upon exercise of our options or other awards pursuant to our existing employee and director stock incentive plans and may grant awards under such plans. There are no agreements between the underwriters and any of the selling stockholders or any of our officers and directors releasing them from these lock-up agreements prior to the expiration of the 90-day period.
The representatives of the underwriters have advised us that the underwriters do not intend to confirm sales to any account over which they exercise discretionary authority.
In connection with the offering, the underwriters may purchase and sell shares of our common stock in the open market. These transactions may include short sales, purchases to cover positions created by short sales and stabilizing transactions.
Short sales involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of shares than they are required to purchase in the offering. Covered short sales are sales made in an amount not greater than the underwriters option to purchase additional shares of common stock from us in the offering. The underwriters may close out any covered short position by either exercising their option to purchase additional shares or purchasing shares in the open market. In determining the source of shares to close out the covered short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase shares through the over-allotment option.
Naked short sales are any sales in excess of the over-allotment option. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if underwriters are concerned that there may be
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Stabilizing transactions consist of various bids for or purchases of our common stock made by the underwriters in the open market prior to the completion of the offering.
The underwriters may impose a penalty bid. This occurs when a particular underwriter repays to the other underwriters a portion of the underwriting discount received by it because the representatives of the underwriters have repurchased shares sold by or for the account of that underwriter in stabilizing or short covering transactions.
Purchases to cover a short position and stabilizing transactions may have the effect of preventing or slowing a decline in the market price of our common stock. Additionally, these purchases, along with the imposition of the penalty bid, may stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the market price of our common stock. As a result, the price of our common stock may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market. These transactions may be effected on the New York Stock Exchange, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.
Certain of the underwriters or their affiliates have in the past performed, and may in the future from time to time perform, investment banking, advisory, general financial and commercial banking services for us and our subsidiaries for which they have in the past received, and may in the future receive, customary fees and reimbursement of expenses. Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. acted as a joint book-running manager in connection with our 8% senior notes offering. Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, an affiliate of Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. is the agent and a lender under our $100.0 million revolving credit facility.
Our common stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol GET.
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WHERE YOU CAN FIND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and special reports and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission. You can read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at its Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. You can obtain information about the operation of the SECs Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains a Web site that contains information we file electronically with the SEC, which you can access over the Internet at http://www.sec.gov. In addition, you can obtain information about us at the offices of the New York Stock Exchange, 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005. You may request a copy of our filings at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address:
Gaylord Entertainment Company
This prospectus, which is part of the registration statement, omits some of the information included in the registration statement as permitted by the rules and regulations of the Commission. As a result, statements made in this prospectus as to the contents of any contract or other document are not necessarily complete. You should read the full text of any contract or document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement for a more complete understanding of the contract or document or matter involved.
INCORPORATION OF INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
The Securities and Exchange Commission allows us to incorporate by reference information into this prospectus, meaning that we can disclose important information by referring to another document filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The information incorporated by reference is deemed to be part of this prospectus, except for any information superseded by information in, or incorporated by reference in, this prospectus. This prospectus incorporates by reference the documents set forth below that we have previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These documents contain important information about our company and its finances.
| Gaylords annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003, filed with the SEC on March 12, 2004 as amended by Form 10-K/A filed with the SEC on April 7, 2004. | |
| The information provided under the headings: Election of Directors, Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance, Executive Compensation, Beneficial Ownership, Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Independent Auditor Fee Information, as set forth in Gaylords definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on April 6, 2004. | |
| The description of Gaylords common stock set forth in Gaylords Form 10/A-3, filed with the SEC on August 29, 1997, and as updated in Item I on Gaylords Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on April 5, 2001. |
We are also incorporating by reference additional documents that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission under Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act between the date of the initial filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and the effectiveness of the registration statement, as well as between the date of this prospectus and the date the offering is terminated.
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Information furnished under Items 9 and 12 of our Current Reports on Form 8-K, including the related exhibits, is not incorporated by reference in this prospectus and the registration statement.
We will provide to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom this prospectus is delivered a copy of any or all of the information that we have incorporated by reference into this prospectus but not delivered with this prospectus. To receive a free copy of any of the documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus, other than exhibits, unless they are specifically incorporated by reference in those documents, call or write to our Corporate Secretary, Gaylord Entertainment Company, One Gaylord Drive, Nashville, Tennessee 37214 (telephone (615) 316-6000). The information relating to us contained in this prospectus does not purport to be comprehensive and should be read together with the information contained in the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus. See also Where You Can Find Additional Information.
YOU SHOULD RELY ONLY ON THE INFORMATION CONTAINED OR INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE IN THIS PROSPECTUS. WE HAVE NOT AUTHORIZED ANYONE TO PROVIDE YOU WITH INFORMATION THAT IS DIFFERENT FROM WHAT IS CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS OR INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE. YOU SHOULD NOT ASSUME THAT THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS PROSPECTUS IS ACCURATE AS OF ANY DATE OTHER THAN THE DATE OF THIS PROSPECTUS OR WHEN A DOCUMENT INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE WAS FILED, REGARDLESS OF THE TIME OF DELIVERY OF THIS PROSPECTUS OR ANY SALE OF THE COMMON STOCK.
LEGAL MATTERS
Certain legal matters with respect to securities offered hereby will be passed upon for the company by Bass, Berry & Sims PLC, Nashville, Tennessee and for the selling stockholders by Venable LLP, Washington, D.C. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the underwriters by Shearman & Sterling LLP, New York, New York.
EXPERTS
Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors, have audited our consolidated financial statements and schedules included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2003, as set forth in their reports, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement. Our financial statements and schedules are incorporated by reference in reliance on Ernst & Young LLPs reports, given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||||
Prospectus Summary
|
1 | |||
Risk Factors
|
10 | |||
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
|
19 | |||
Use of Proceeds
|
20 | |||
Capitalization
|
20 | |||
Price Range of Common Stock and Dividends
|
21 | |||
Selected Consolidated Financial Data
|
22 | |||
Managements Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
|
25 | |||
Business
|
56 | |||
Management
|
71 | |||
Selling Stockholders
|
74 | |||
Description of Capital Stock
|
76 | |||
Underwriting
|
79 | |||
Where You Can Find Additional Information
|
82 | |||
Incorporation of Information by Reference
|
82 | |||
Legal Matters
|
83 | |||
Experts
|
83 |
5,872,113 Shares
Common Stock
Deutsche Bank Securities
JPMorgan
JMP Securities
Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc.
Prospectus
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 14. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.
The selling stockholders have agreed to pay the expenses relating to the offering. The expenses to be paid in connection with the distribution of the securities being registered are as set forth in the following table:
Securities and Exchange Commission fee
|
$ | 26,532.04 | |||
*Printing expenses
|
$ | ||||
*Legal fees and expenses
|
$ | ||||
*Accounting fees and expenses
|
$ | ||||
*Miscellaneous
|
$ | ||||
*Total
|
$ | ||||
* to be filed by amendment.
Item 15. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
Delaware Registrants |
The registrant is a corporation organized under the laws of the State of Delaware.
Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the DGCL) permits a Delaware corporation to indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation) or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or enterprise. A corporation may indemnify against expenses, (including attorneys fees) judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if the person indemnified acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. If the person indemnified is not wholly successful in such action, suit or proceeding, but is successful, on the merits or otherwise, in one or more but less than all claims, issues or matters in such proceeding, he or she may be indemnified against expenses actually and reasonably incurred in connection with each successfully resolved claim, issue or matter. In the case of an action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor, no indemnification may be made in respect to any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, or the court in which such action or suit was brought, shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for such expenses which the court shall deem proper. Section 145 provides that, to the extent a present or former director or officer of a corporation has been successful in the defense of any action, suit or proceeding referred to above or in the defense of any claim, issue or manner therein, he or she shall be indemnified against expenses (including attorneys fees) actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in connection therewith.
Pursuant to authority conferred by Delaware law, the registrants restated certificate of incorporation and its amendment to the restated certificate of incorporation (the certificate of incorporation) contain provisions providing that no director, manager or limited partner, as the case may be, shall be liable to it
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The registrants certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions requiring Gaylord to indemnify and advance expenses to its directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by law. Among other things, these provisions generally provide indemnification for the registrants officers and directors against liabilities for judgments in and settlements of lawsuits and other proceedings and for the advance and payment of fees and expenses reasonably incurred by the director or officer in defense of any such lawsuit or proceeding if the director or officer acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the registrant, and in certain cases only if the director or officer is not adjudged to be liable to the company.
The registrant maintains insurance on behalf of any person who is or was its director or officer, or is now or was serving at the request of the registrant as a director, officer, employee, or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan, or other enterprise, against any liability asserted against him and incurred by him in any such capacity, or arising out of his status as such, whether or not the registrant would have the power or the obligation to indemnify him against such liability under the provisions of the certificate of incorporation and the bylaws.
Item 16. Exhibits.
(a) The following exhibits are filed herewith or incorporated herein by reference:
Exhibit | ||||
No. | Description | |||
1 | .1 | Form of Underwriting Agreement | ||
3 | .1 | Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3 to the Registrants Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 7, 1997 (File No. 1-13079)). | ||
3 | .2 | Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2001). | ||
3 | .3 | Restated Bylaws of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Registrants Registration Statement on Form 10, as amended (File No. 1-13079)). | ||
4 | .1 | Specimen of Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrants Registration Statement on Form 10, as amended on June 30, 1997 (File No. 1-13079)). | ||
4 | .2 | Form of Registration Rights Agreement | ||
5 | .1 | Opinion of Bass, Berry & Sims PLC | ||
23 | .1 | Consent of Ernst & Young LLP | ||
23 | .2 | Consent of Bass, Berry & Sims PLC (included in exhibit 5.1) | ||
24 | .1 | Power of Attorney (contained on signature page) |
Item 17. Undertakings.
(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the registrants annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plans annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(b) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or
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(c) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:
(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective. | |
(2) For the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this Amendment No. 1 to its Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Nashville, State of Tennessee, on the 20th day of April, 2004.
GAYLORD ENTERTAINMENT COMPANY |
By: | /s/ COLIN V. REED |
|
|
Colin V. Reed | |
President and Chief Executive Officer |
April 20, 2004
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Amendment No. 1 to its Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
Signature | Title | Date | ||||
* Michael D. Rose |
Chairman of the Board | April 20, 2004 | ||||
* E. K. Gaylord II |
Director | April 20, 2004 | ||||
* Robert P. Bowen |
Director | April 20, 2004 | ||||
* Laurence S. Geller |
Director | April 20, 2004 | ||||
* E. Gordon Gee |
Director | April 20, 2004 | ||||
* Ralph Horn |
Director | April 20, 2004 | ||||
* Michael I. Roth |
Director | April 20, 2004 | ||||
/s/ COLIN V. REED Colin V. Reed |
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | April 20, 2004 |
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Signature | Title | Date | ||||
/s/ DAVID C. KLOEPPEL David C. Kloeppel |
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) | April 20, 2004 | ||||
/s/ ROD CONNOR Rod Connor |
Senior Vice President, Chief Administrative Officer, and Assistant Secretary (Principal Accounting Officer) | April 20, 2004 | ||||
* |
/s/ COLIN V. REED Colin V. Reed Attorney-in-fact |
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EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit | ||||
No. | Description | |||
1 | .1 | Form of Underwriting Agreement | ||
3 | .1 | Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3 to the Registrants Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 7, 1997 (File No. 1-13079)). | ||
3 | .2 | Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2001). | ||
3 | .3 | Restated Bylaws of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Registrants Registration Statement on Form 10, as amended (File No. 1-13079)). | ||
4 | .1 | Specimen of Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrants Registration Statement on Form 10, as amended on June 30, 1997 (File No. 1-13079)). | ||
4 | .2 | Form of Registration Rights Agreement | ||
5 | .1 | Opinion of Bass, Berry & Sims PLC | ||
23 | .1 | Consent of Ernst & Young LLP | ||
23 | .2 | Consent of Bass, Berry & Sims PLC (included in exhibit 5.1) | ||
24 | .1 | Power of Attorney (contained on signature page) |
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EXHIBIT 1.1 FORM OF UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT GAYLORD ENTERTAINMENT COMPANY 5,872,113 SHARES OF COMMON STOCK UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT [-], 2004 J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. As Representatives of the several Underwriters listed in Schedule I hereto c/o J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. 277 Park Avenue New York, New York 10172 Ladies and Gentlemen: Certain stockholders named in Schedule II hereto (the "SELLING STOCKHOLDERS") of Gaylord Entertainment Company, a Delaware corporation (the "COMPANY"), propose to sell to the several Underwriters listed in Schedule I hereto (the "UNDERWRITERS"), for whom you are acting as representatives (the "REPRESENTATIVES"), an aggregate of 5,872,113 shares (the "UNDERWRITTEN SHARES") and, at the option of the Underwriters, up to an additional 880,816 shares (the "OPTION SHARES"), of common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "STOCK"), of the Company to cover overallotments, if any. The Underwritten Shares and the Option Shares are herein referred to as the "Shares". The Company hereby confirms its agreement with the several Underwriters concerning the purchase and sale of the Shares, as follows: 1. Registration Statement. The Company has prepared and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "COMMISSION") under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, the "SECURITIES ACT"), a registration statement (File No. 333-114293) including a prospectus, relating to the Shares. Such registration statement, as amended at the time it becomes effective, including the information, if any, deemed pursuant to Rule 430A under the Securities Act to be part of the registration statement at the time of its effectiveness ("RULE 430 INFORMATION"), is referred to herein as the "REGISTRATION STATEMENT"; and as used herein, the term "PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS" means each prospectus included in such registration statement (and any amendments thereto) before it becomes effective, any prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(a) under the Securities Act and the prospectus included in the Registration Statement at the time of its effectiveness that omits Rule 430A Information, and the term "Prospectus" means the prospectus in the form first used to confirm sales of the Shares. If the Company has filed an abbreviated registration statement pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act (the "RULE 462 REGISTRATION STATEMENT"), then any reference herein to the term "REGISTRATION STATEMENT" shall be deemed to include such Rule 462 Registration Statement. Any reference in this Agreement to the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 12 of Form S-3 under the Securities Act, as of the effective date of the Registration Statement or the date of such Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus, as the case may be and any reference to "amend", "amendment" or "supplement" with respect to the Registration Statement, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include any documents filed after such date under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, the "EXCHANGE ACT") that are deemed to be incorporated by reference therein. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings given to such terms in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. 2. Purchase of the Shares by the Underwriters. (a) Each of the Selling Stockholders agrees, severally and not jointly, to sell the Shares to the several Underwriters as provided in this Agreement, and each Underwriter, on the basis of the representations, warranties and agreements set forth herein and subject to the conditions set forth herein, agrees, severally and not jointly, to purchase from each of the Selling Stockholders at a purchase price per share of $[?] (the "PURCHASE PRICE") the number of Underwritten Shares (to be adjusted by you so as to eliminate fractional shares) determined by multiplying the aggregate number of Underwritten Shares to be sold by each of the Selling Stockholders as set forth opposite their respective names in Schedule II hereto by a fraction, the numerator of which is the aggregate number of Underwritten Shares to be purchased by such Underwriter as set forth opposite the name of such Underwriter in Schedule I hereto and the denominator of which is the aggregate number of Underwritten Shares to be purchased by all the Underwriters from all of the Selling Stockholders hereunder. In addition, the Selling Stockholders, as and to the extent indicated in Schedule II hereto agree, severally and not jointly, to sell the Option Shares to the several Underwriters and the Underwriters shall have the option to purchase at their election up to 880,816 Option Shares at the Purchase Price to cover overallotments, if any. The Underwriters, on the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained, but subject to the conditions hereinafter stated, shall have the option to purchase, severally and not jointly, from the Selling Stockholders at the Purchase Price that portion of the number of Option Shares as to which such election shall have been exercised (to be adjusted by you so as to eliminate fractional shares) determined by multiplying such number of Option Shares by a fraction the numerator of which is the maximum number of Option Shares which such Underwriter is entitled to purchase and the denominator of which is the maximum number of Option Shares which all of the Underwriters are entitled to purchase hereunder. Any such election to purchase Option Shares shall be made in proportion to the maximum number of Option Shares to be sold by each Selling Stockholder as set forth in Schedule II hereto. The Underwriters may exercise the option to purchase the Option Shares at any time and from time to time on or before the thirtieth day following the date of this Agreement, by written notice from the Representatives to the Attorneys-in-Fact (as defined below). Such notice shall set forth the aggregate number of Option Shares as to which the option is being exercised and the 2 date and time when the Option Shares are to be delivered and paid for which may be the same date and time as the Closing Date (as hereinafter defined) but shall not be earlier than the Closing Date nor later than the tenth full business day (as hereinafter defined) after the date of such notice (unless such time and date are postponed in accordance with the provisions of Section 11 hereof). Any such notice shall be given at least two business days prior to the date and time of delivery specified therein. (b) The Selling Stockholders understand that the Underwriters intend to make a public offering of the Shares as soon after the effectiveness of this Agreement as in the judgment of the Representatives is advisable, and initially to offer the Shares on the terms set forth in the Prospectus. The Selling Stockholders acknowledge and agree that the Underwriters may offer and sell Shares to or through any affiliate of an Underwriter and that any such affiliate may offer and sell Shares purchased by it to or through any Underwriter. (c) Payment for the Shares shall be made by wire transfer in immediately available funds to the account specified by the Attorneys-in-Fact (as defined below), or any of them, in the case of the Underwritten Shares, at the offices of Shearman & Sterling LLP, 599 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10022 at 10:00 A.M. New York City time on [?], 2004, or at such other time or place on the same or such other date, not later than the fifth business day thereafter, as the Representatives and the Attorneys-in-Fact may agree upon in writing or, in the case of the Option Shares, on the date and at the time and place specified by the Representatives in the written notice of the Underwriters' election to purchase such Option Shares. The time and date of such payment for the Underwritten Shares are referred to herein as the "CLOSING DATE" and the time and date for such payment for the Option Shares, if other than the Closing Date, are herein referred to as the "ADDITIONAL CLOSING DATE". Payment for the Shares to be purchased on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, shall be made against delivery to the Representatives for the respective accounts of the several Underwriters of the Shares to be purchased on such date in definitive form registered in such names and in such denominations as the Representatives shall request in writing not later than two full business days prior to the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, with any transfer taxes payable in connection with the sale of the Shares duly paid by the Selling Stockholders. The certificates for the Shares will be made available for inspection and packaging by the Representatives at the office of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. set forth above not later than 1:00 P.M., New York City time, on the business day prior to the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be. 3. Representations and Warranties of the Company. The Company represents and warrants to each Underwriter and the Selling Stockholders that: (a) Preliminary Prospectus. No order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus has been issued by the Commission, and each Preliminary Prospectus, at the time of filing thereof, complied in all material respects with the Securities Act and did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that the Company makes 3 no representation and warranty with respect to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to (a) any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in any Preliminary Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto or (b) any Selling Stockholder furnished to the Company by such Selling Stockholder for use in any Preliminary Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto. (b) Registration Statement and Prospectus. No order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued by the Commission and the Company has not received notice after due inquiry of any proceeding for that purpose that has been initiated or threatened by the Commission; as of the applicable effective date of the Registration Statement and any amendment thereto, the Registration Statement complied and will comply in all material respects with the Securities Act, and did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading; and as of the applicable filing date of the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto and as of the Closing Date and as of the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, the Prospectus will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that the Company makes no representation and warranty with respect to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to (a) any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto or (b) any Selling Stockholder furnished to the Company by such Selling Stockholder for use in the Registration Statement and Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto. (c) Incorporated Documents. The documents incorporated by reference in the Prospectus, when they become effective or were filed or last amended as of the date hereof, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and none of such documents, as amended as of the date hereof, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and any further documents so filed and incorporated by reference in the Prospectus, when such documents become effective or are filed with the Commission, as the case may be, will conform in all material respects to the requirements of the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. (d) Financial Statements. The historical financial statements of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries and the related notes thereto, as amended or superseded as of the date hereof, included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus present fairly in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and the results of their operations for the periods specified; such financial statements have been prepared in conformity 4 with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved (except as otherwise disclosed therein). The summary historical consolidated financial data and the information under the heading "Capitalization" included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are presented on a basis consistent with that of the audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. (e) No Material Adverse Change. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, subsequent to the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus: (i) there has been no material adverse change, or any development that could reasonably be expected to result in a material adverse change, in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business, operations or prospects, whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business, of the Company and its subsidiaries, considered as one entity (any such change is called a "MATERIAL ADVERSE CHANGE"); (ii) the Company and its subsidiaries, considered as one entity, have not incurred any material liability or obligation, indirect, direct or contingent, not in the ordinary course of business nor entered into any material transaction or agreement not in the ordinary course of business; and (iii) there has been no dividend or distribution of any kind declared, paid or made by the Company or, except for dividends paid to the Company or other subsidiaries, any of its subsidiaries on any class of capital stock or repurchase or redemption by the Company or any of its subsidiaries of any class of capital stock. (f) Organization and Good Standing. Each of the Company and its subsidiaries has been duly incorporated or organized and is validly existing as a corporation, limited liability company, limited partnership or general partnership and is in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or organization and has corporate or other power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to conduct its business as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and, in the case of the Company, to enter into and perform its obligations, as the case may be, under this Agreement. Each of the Company and its subsidiaries is duly qualified to transact business as a foreign corporation, limited liability company or partnership, as applicable, and is in good standing in each jurisdiction in which such qualification is required, whether by reason of the ownership or leasing of property or the conduct of business, except for such jurisdictions where the failure to so qualify or to be in good standing would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. All of the issued and outstanding capital stock or partnership or other ownership interests of each subsidiary of the Company has been duly authorized and validly issued, is fully paid and nonassessable and is owned by the Company directly or through subsidiaries, free and clear of any security interest, mortgage, pledge, lien, encumbrance or claim except as set forth in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or on Schedule III hereto. The Company does not own or control, directly or indirectly, any corporation, association or other entity other than the subsidiaries listed on Schedule III hereto. (g) Authorized Capital. The authorized share capital of the Company consists of 150,000,000 shares of Common Stock, and 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par 5 value, of which (except for subsequent issuances, if any, pursuant the Company's stock option plans described in the Prospectus) [39,508,277] shares of Common Stock are outstanding and no shares of Preferred Stock are outstanding; all the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company (including the Shares to be sold by the Selling Stockholders) have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and non-assessable and are not subject to any pre-emptive or similar rights under Delaware law; except as described in or expressly contemplated by the Prospectus, there are no outstanding rights (including, without limitation, pre-emptive rights), warrants or options to acquire from the Company, or instruments convertible into or exchangeable for, any shares of capital stock or other equity interest in the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or any contract, commitment, agreement, understanding or arrangement of any kind to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party relating to the issuance of any capital stock of the Company or any such subsidiary, any such convertible or exchangeable securities or any such rights, warrants or options; the capital stock of the Company conforms in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. (h) Underwriting Agreement. This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by, and is a valid and binding agreement of, the Company, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as rights to indemnification hereunder may be limited by applicable law and except as the enforcement hereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other similar laws relating to or affecting the rights and remedies of creditors generally or by general equitable principles. (i) No Violation or Default. Except with respect to claims disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is (i) in violation of its charter, by-laws or other constitutive document, or (ii) is in default (or, with the giving of notice or lapse of time, would be in default) ("DEFAULT") under any indenture, mortgage, loan or credit agreement, note, contract, franchise, lease or other instrument to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or by which it or any of them may be bound (including, without limitation, the agreements listed in Schedule IV), or to which any of the property or assets of the Company or any of their respective subsidiaries is subject (each, an "EXISTING INSTRUMENT"), or (iii) in violation of any law or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, except, in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, for any such Default or violation that would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. (j) No Conflicts. The Company's execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and by the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (i) have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or other action and will not result in any violation of the provisions of the charter, by-laws or other constitutive document of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, (ii) will not conflict with or constitute a breach of, or Default or a Debt Repayment Triggering Event (as defined below) under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries pursuant to, or require the consent of any other party to, any Existing Instrument, except for such conflicts, breaches, Defaults, liens, charges or encumbrances as would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in 6 a Material Adverse Change, and (iii) assuming the accuracy of the representations, warranties and covenants of the Underwriters herein, will not result in any violation of any law, administrative regulation or administrative or court decree applicable to the Company or any of its subsidiaries. As used herein, a "DEBT REPAYMENT TRIGGERING EVENT" means any event or condition which gives, or with the giving of notice or lapse of time would give, the holder of any note, debenture or other evidence of indebtedness (or any person acting on such holder's behalf) the right to require the repurchase, redemption or repayment of all or a portion of such indebtedness by the Company or any of its subsidiaries. (k) No Consents Required. No consent, approval, authorization or other order of, or registration or filing with, any court or other governmental or regulatory authority or agency, is required for the Company's execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement, or consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and by the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, except such as have been obtained or made by the Company and are in full force and effect under the Securities Act, applicable state securities or blue sky laws. (l) Legal Proceedings. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, there are no legal or governmental actions, suits or proceedings pending or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, threatened (i) against or affecting the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or (ii) which has as the subject thereof any property owned or leased by, the Company or any of its subsidiaries, and which action, suit or proceeding, if determined adversely to the Company, or any of its subsidiaries, as the case may be, would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change or adversely affect the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. (m) Independent Accountants. Ernst & Young LLP, who have expressed their opinion with respect to the Company's financial statements (which term as used in this Agreement includes the related notes thereto) and supporting schedules filed with the Commission included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are independent public or certified public accountants within the meaning of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act. (n) Title to Real and Personal Property. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, the Company and each of its subsidiaries has good and marketable title to all the properties and assets reflected as owned in the financial statements referred to in Section 1(d) above (or elsewhere in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus), in each case free and clear of any security interests, mortgages, liens, encumbrances, equities, claims and other defects, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or on Schedule III hereto or such as do not materially and adversely affect the value of such property and do not materially interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such property by the Company or such subsidiary. The real property, improvements, equipment and personal property held under lease by the Company or any subsidiary are held under valid and enforceable leases, with such exceptions as are not material and do not materially interfere with the use made or proposed to be made of such real property, improvements, equipment or personal property by the Company or such subsidiary. 7 (o) Title to Intellectual Property. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, the Company and its subsidiaries own or possess sufficient trademarks, trade names, patent rights, copyrights, licenses, approvals, trade secrets and other similar rights (collectively, "INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS") reasonably necessary to conduct their businesses as now conducted, except where the failure to own or possess such rights would not reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change; and the expected expiration of any of such Intellectual Property Rights would not result in a Material Adverse Change. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has received any notice of infringement or conflict with asserted Intellectual Property Rights of others, which infringement or conflict, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Change. (p) No Undisclosed Relationships. No relationship, direct or indirect, exists between or among the Company or any of its subsidiaries, on the one hand, and the directors, officers, stockholders, customers or suppliers of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, on the other, that is required by the Securities Act to be described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and that is not so described. (q) Investment Company Act. The Company has been advised of the rules and requirements under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (collectively, "INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT"). The Company is not an "investment company" or an entity "controlled" by an "investment company" within the meaning of the Investment Company Act. (r) Taxes. The Company and its subsidiaries have filed all necessary federal, state and foreign income and franchise tax returns or have properly requested extensions thereof and have paid all taxes required to be paid by any of them and, if due and payable, any related or similar assessment, fine or penalty levied against any of them except as may be being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings. The Company has made adequate charges, accruals and reserves in the applicable financial statements referred to in Section 1(d) above in respect of all material federal, state and foreign income and franchise taxes for all periods as to which the tax liability of the Company or any of its subsidiaries has not been finally determined. (s) Licenses and Permits. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, the Company and each of its subsidiaries possess such valid and current certificates, authorizations or permits issued by the appropriate state, federal or foreign regulatory agencies or bodies necessary to conduct their respective businesses, and neither the Company nor any such subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation or modification of, or non-compliance with, any such certificate, authorization or permit which, singly or in the aggregate, if the subject of an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding, could result in a Material Adverse Change. (t) No Labor Disputes. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, no material labor dispute with the employees of the Company or any of its subsidiaries exists or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, is threatened or imminent. 8 (u) Compliance With Environmental Laws. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or as would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change: (i) neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is in violation of any federal, state, local or foreign law or regulation relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including, without limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata) or wildlife, including without limitation, laws and regulations relating to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, wastes, toxic substances, hazardous substances, petroleum and petroleum products (collectively, "MATERIALS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN"), or otherwise relating to the manufacture, processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Materials of Environmental Concern (collectively, "ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS"), which violation includes, but is not limited to, noncompliance with any permits or other governmental authorizations required for the operation of the business of the Company or its subsidiaries under applicable Environmental Laws, or noncompliance with the terms and conditions thereof, nor has the Company or any of its subsidiaries received any written communication, whether from a governmental authority, citizens group, employee or otherwise, that alleges that the Company or any of its subsidiaries is in violation of any Environmental Law; (ii) there is no claim, action or cause of action filed with a court or governmental authority, no investigation with respect to which the Company has received written notice, and no written notice by any person or entity alleging potential liability for investigatory costs, cleanup costs, governmental responses costs, natural resources damages, property damages, personal injuries, attorneys' fees or penalties arising out of, based on or resulting from the presence, or release into the environment, of any Material of Environmental Concern at any location owned, leased or operated by the Company or any of its subsidiaries, now or in the past (collectively, "ENVIRONMENTAL CLAIMS"), pending or, to the best of the Company's knowledge, threatened against the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any person or entity whose liability for any Environmental Claim the Company or any of its subsidiaries has retained or assumed either contractually or by operation of law; and (iii) to the best of the Company's knowledge, there are no past or present actions, activities, circumstances, conditions, events or incidents, including, without limitation, the release, emission, discharge, presence or disposal of any Material of Environmental Concern, that reasonably could result in a violation of any Environmental Law or form the basis of a potential Environmental Claim against the Company or any of its subsidiaries or against any person or entity whose liability for any Environmental Claim the Company or any of its subsidiaries has retained or assumed either contractually or by operation of law. (v) Periodic Review of Costs of Environmental Compliance. In the ordinary course of its business, the Company conducts a periodic review of the effect of Environmental Laws on the business, operations and properties of the Company and its subsidiaries, in the course of which it identifies and evaluates associated costs and liabilities (including, without limitation, any capital or operating expenditures required for clean-up, closure of properties or compliance with Environmental Laws or any permit, license or approval, any related constraints on operating activities and any potential liabilities to third parties). On the basis of such review and the amount of its established reserves, the Company has reasonably concluded that such associated costs and liabilities would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material 9 Adverse Change, except to the extent otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. (w) Compliance With ERISA. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, the Company and its subsidiaries and any "employee benefit plan" (as defined under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (collectively, "ERISA")) established or maintained by the Company, its subsidiaries or its "ERISA Affiliates" (as defined below) are in compliance in all material respects with ERISA. "ERISA Affiliate" means, with respect to the Company or any of its subsidiaries, any member of any group of organizations described in Section 414 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations and published interpretations thereunder (the "CODE") of which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a member. No "reportable event" (as defined under ERISA) has occurred or is reasonably expected to occur with respect to any "employee benefit plan" established or maintained by the Company, its subsidiaries or any of its ERISA Affiliates. No "employee benefit plan" established or maintained by the Company, its subsidiaries or any of its ERISA Affiliates, if such "employee benefit plan" were terminated, would have any "amount of unfunded benefit liabilities" (as defined under ERISA). Neither the Company, its subsidiaries nor any of its ERISA Affiliates has incurred or reasonably expects to incur any material liability under (i) Title IV of ERISA with respect to termination of, or withdrawal from, any "employee benefit plan" or (ii) Sections 412, 4971, 4975 or 4980B of the Code. Each "employee benefit plan" established or maintained by the Company, its subsidiaries or any of its ERISA Affiliates that is intended to be qualified under Section 401 of the Code is so qualified and nothing has occurred, whether by action or failure to act, which would cause the loss of such qualification. (x) Accounting Controls. The Company maintains a system of internal controls over financial reporting that is sufficient to provide reasonable assurances that: (i) transactions are executed in accordance with management's general or specific authorization; (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles as applied in the United States and to maintain accountability for assets; (iii) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management's general or specific authorization; and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any differences. (y) Insurance. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, the Company and its subsidiaries are self-insured or are insured by recognized, financially sound institutions with policies in such amounts and with such deductibles and covering such risks as are generally deemed adequate and customary for their businesses including, but not limited to, policies covering real and personal property owned or leased by the Company and its subsidiaries against theft, damage, destruction, acts of vandalism and earthquakes. The Company has no reason to believe that it or any subsidiary will not be able to (i) renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such policies expire or (ii) to obtain comparable coverage from similar institutions as may be necessary or appropriate to conduct its business as now conducted and at a cost that would not result in a Material Adverse Change. 10 Neither of the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has been denied any insurance coverage which it has sought or for which it has applied. (z) No Unlawful Payments. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries nor, to the best of the Company's knowledge, any employee or agent of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, has made any contribution or other payment to any official of, or candidate for, any federal, state or foreign office in violation of any law or of the character necessary to be disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus in order to make the statements therein not misleading. (aa) No Broker's Fees. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is a party to any contract, agreement or understanding with any person (other than this Agreement) that would give rise to a valid claim against the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any Underwriter for a brokerage commission, finder's fee or like payment in connection with the offering and sale of the Shares. (bb) No Registration Rights. No person has the right to require the Company or any of its subsidiaries to register any securities for sale under the Securities Act by reason of the filing of the Registration Statement with the Commission or, to the best knowledge of the Company, the sale of the Shares to be sold by the Selling Stockholders hereunder. (cc) No Stabilization. None of the Company or any of its affiliates has taken or will take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that might be reasonably expected to cause or result in stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares (but no representation is made concerning the actions of the Selling Stockholders or their affiliates). (dd) Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Company and, to the best of its knowledge, its officers and directors are in compliance in all material respects with applicable provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations promulgated in connection therewith (the "SARBANES-OXLEY ACT") that are effective as of the date hereof. (ee) Stock Exchange Listing. The Company's Stock is registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act and is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE"), and the Company has taken no action designed to, or likely to have the effect of, terminating the registration of the Stock under the Exchange Act or delisting the Stock from the NYSE, nor has the Company received any notification that the Commission or the NYSE is contemplating terminating such registration or listing. (ff) Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Company has established and maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-14 under the Exchange Act), which: (i) are designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to the Company's principal executive officer and its principal financial officer by others within those entities, particularly during the periods in which the periodic reports required under the Exchange Act are being 11 prepared, (ii) have been evaluated for effectiveness as of the end of the period covered by the Company's most recent annual or quarterly report filed with the Commission, and (iii) are effective in all material respects to perform the functions for which they were established. Based on the evaluation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures described above, the Company is not aware of (a) any significant deficiency in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the Company's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial data or any material weaknesses in internal controls or (b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company's internal controls. Since the most recent evaluation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures described above, there have been no significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls. (gg) No Outstanding Loans or Other Indebtedness. Except as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, there are no outstanding loans, advances (except normal advances for business expenses in the ordinary course of business) or guarantees or indebtedness by the Company to or for the benefit of any of the officers or directors of the Company or any of the members of any of them. 4. Representations and Warranties of the Selling Stockholders. Each of the Selling Stockholders severally represents and warrants to each Underwriter and the Company that: (a) Required Consents; Authority. All consents, approvals, authorizations and orders necessary for the execution and delivery by such Selling Stockholder of this Agreement and the Custody Agreement and the Power of Attorney (the "CUSTODY AGREEMENT AND POWER OF ATTORNEY") hereinafter referred to, and for the sale and delivery of the Shares to be sold by such Selling Stockholder hereunder, have been obtained; and such Selling Stockholder has full right, power and authority to enter into this Agreement, the Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney and to sell, assign, transfer and deliver the Shares to be sold by such Selling Stockholder hereunder; this Agreement and the Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney have each been duly authorized, executed and delivered by such Selling Stockholder. (b) No Conflicts. The execution, delivery and performance by such Selling Stockholder of this Agreement and the Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney, the sale of the Shares to be sold by such Selling Stockholder and the consummation by such Selling Stockholder of the transactions herein and therein contemplated will not (i) conflict with or result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of such Selling Stockholder pursuant to, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other agreement or instrument to which such Selling Stockholder is a party or by which such Selling Stockholder is bound or to which any of the property or assets of such Selling Stockholder is subject, (ii) if such Selling Stockholder is not an individual, result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws or similar organizational documents of such Selling Stockholder or (iii) result in the violation of any law or statute or any judgment, order, rule or regulation of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory agency. 12 (c) Direct Holder of Securities; Title to Securities. The Shares to be sold by such Selling Shareholder pursuant to this Agreement are certificated securities in registered form and are not held in any securities account or by or through any securities intermediary within the meaning of the Uniform Commercial Code as in effect in the State of New York ("NYUCC"). Such Selling Shareholder has, and, at the Closing Date and, if any Option Shares are purchased, on the Additional Closing Date, will have, full right, power and authority to hold, sell, transfer and deliver the Shares to be sold by such Selling Shareholder pursuant to this Agreement; and upon the Underwriters' acquiring possession of such Shares and paying the purchase price therefore as herein contemplated, the Underwriters will acquire their respective interests in such Shares (including, without limitation, all rights that such Selling Shareholder had or has the power to transfer in such Shares) free of any adverse claim. (d) No Stabilization. Such Selling Stockholder has not taken and will not take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to or that could reasonably be expected to cause or result in any stabilization or manipulation of the price of the Shares. (e) Registration Statement and Prospectus. As of the applicable effective date of the Registration Statement and any amendment thereto, the Registration Statement complied and will comply in all material respects with the Securities Act, and did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading; and as of the applicable filing date of the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto and as of the Closing Date and as of the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, the Prospectus will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided that the representations and warranties set forth in this paragraph 4(e) only apply to statements or omissions in the Registration Statement and Prospectus based upon information relating to such Selling Shareholder furnished to the Company in writing by such Selling Stockholder expressly for use therein; and provided, further that such Selling Stockholder makes no representation and warranty with respect to any statements or omissions made relating to the Company or in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any amendment or supplement thereto. Each of the Selling Stockholders represents and warrants that certificates representing all of the Shares to be sold by such Selling Stockholders are in suitable form for transfer by delivery or accompanied by duly executed instruments of transfer in blank, with signatures guaranteed hereunder have been placed in custody under a Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney relating to such Shares, in the form heretofore furnished to you, duly executed and delivered by such Selling Stockholder to Sun Trust Bank, as custodian (the "CUSTODIAN"), and that such Selling Stockholder has duly executed and delivered a Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney, in the form heretofore furnished to you, appointing the persons indicated in Schedule II hereto, and any two of them, as such Selling Stockholder's Attorneys-in-fact (the "ATTORNEYS-IN-FACT") with authority to execute and deliver this Agreement on behalf of such Selling Stockholder, to determine the purchase price to be paid by the Underwriters to the Selling 13 Stockholders as provided herein, to authorize the delivery of the Shares to be sold by such Selling Stockholder hereunder and otherwise to act on behalf of such Selling Stockholder in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Custody Agreement. Each of the Selling Stockholders specifically agrees that the Shares represented by the certificates held in custody for such Selling Stockholder under the Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney, are subject to the interests of the Underwriters hereunder, and that the arrangements made by such Selling Stockholder for such custody, and the appointment by such Selling Stockholder of the Attorneys-in-Fact by the Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney, are to the extent set out in the Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney irrevocable. Each of the Selling Stockholders specifically agrees that the obligations of such Selling Stockholder hereunder shall not be terminated by operation of law, whether by the death or incapacity of any individual Selling Stockholder, or, in the case of an estate or trust, by the death or incapacity of any executor or trustee or the termination of such estate or trust, or in the case of a partnership, corporation or similar organization, by the dissolution of such partnership, corporation or organization, or by the occurrence of any other event. If any individual Selling Stockholder or any such executor or trustee should die or become incapacitated, or if any such estate or trust should be terminated, or if any such partnership, corporation or similar organization should be dissolved, or if any other such event should occur, before the delivery of the Shares hereunder, certificates representing such Shares shall be delivered by or on behalf of such Selling Stockholder in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney, and actions taken by the Attorneys-in-Fact pursuant to the Custody Agreement and Powers of Attorney shall be as valid as if such death, incapacity, termination, dissolution or other event had not occurred, regardless of whether or not the Custodian, the Attorneys-in-Fact, or any of them, shall have received notice of such death, incapacity, termination, dissolution or other event. (f) Absence of Knowledge of Material Adverse Change. Such Selling Stockholder's decision to sell Shares hereunder was not based upon any knowledge of any Material Adverse Change affecting the Company that has not been publicly disclosed by the Company in its filings with the Commission under the Exchange Act. 5. Further Agreements of the Company. The Company covenants and agrees with each Underwriter that: (a) Effectiveness of the Registration Statement. The Company will use its reasonable best efforts to cause the Registration Statement to become effective at the earliest possible time and, if required, will file the final Prospectus with the Commission within the time periods specified by Rule 424(b) and Rule 430A under the Securities Act and to file promptly all reports and any definitive proxy or information statements required to be filed by the Company with the Commission pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act subsequent to the date of the Prospectus and for so long as the delivery of a prospectus is required in connection with the offering or sale of the Shares; and the Company will furnish copies of the Prospectus to the Underwriters in New York City promptly, but in no case later than 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on the business day that is two days prior to the Closing Date in such quantities as the Representatives may reasonably request. 14 (b) Delivery of Copies. The Company will deliver, without charge, (i) to the Representatives, two signed copies of the Registration Statement as originally filed and each amendment thereto, in each case including all exhibits and consents filed therewith and documents incorporated by reference therein; and (ii) to each Underwriter (A) a conformed copy of the Registration Statement as originally filed and each amendment thereto (without exhibits) and (B) during the Prospectus Delivery Period, as many copies of the Prospectus (including all amendments and supplements thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein) as the Representatives may reasonably request. As used herein, the term "PROSPECTUS DELIVERY PERIOD" means such period of time after the first date of the public offering of the Shares as in the opinion of counsel for the Underwriters a prospectus relating to the Shares is required by law to be delivered in connection with sales of the Shares by any Underwriter or dealer. (c) Amendments or Supplements. Before filing any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, whether before or after the time that the Registration Statement becomes effective, the Company will furnish to the Representatives and counsel for the Underwriters a copy of the proposed amendment or supplement for review and will not file any such proposed amendment or supplement to which the Representatives reasonably objects. (d) Notice to the Representatives. The Company will advise the Representatives promptly, and confirm such advice in writing, (i) when the Registration Statement has become effective; (ii) when any amendment to the Registration Statement has been filed or becomes effective; (iii) when any supplement to the Prospectus or any amendment to the Prospectus has been filed; (iv) of any request by the Commission for any amendment to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement to the Prospectus or the receipt of any comments from the Commission relating to the Registration Statement or any other request by the Commission for any additional information; (v) of the issuance by the Commission of any order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for that purpose; (vi) of the occurrence of any event within the Prospectus Delivery Period as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances existing when the Prospectus is delivered to a purchaser, not misleading; and (vii) of the receipt by the Company of any notice with respect to any suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offer and sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose; and the Company will use its best efforts to prevent the issuance of any such order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus or suspending any such qualification of the Shares and, if any such order is issued, will obtain as soon as possible the withdrawal thereof. (e) Ongoing Compliance of the Prospectus. If during the Prospectus Delivery Period (i) any event shall occur or condition shall exist as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances existing when the Prospectus is delivered to a purchaser, not 15 misleading or (ii) it is necessary to amend or supplement the Prospectus to comply with law, the Company will immediately notify the Underwriters thereof and forthwith prepare and, subject to paragraph (c) above, file with the Commission and furnish to the Underwriters and to such dealers as the Representatives may designate, such amendments or supplements to the Prospectus as may be necessary so that the statements in the Prospectus as so amended or supplemented will not, in the light of the circumstances existing when the Prospectus is delivered to a purchaser, be misleading or so that the Prospectus will comply with law. (f) Blue Sky Compliance. The Company will qualify the Shares for offer and sale under the securities or Blue Sky laws of such jurisdictions as the Representatives shall reasonably request and will continue such qualifications in effect so long as required for distribution of the Shares; provided that the Company shall not be required to (i) qualify as a foreign corporation or other entity or as a dealer in securities in any such jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to so qualify, (ii) file any general consent to service of process in any such jurisdiction or (iii) subject itself to taxation in any such jurisdiction if it is not otherwise so subject. (g) Earning Statement. The Company will make generally available to its security holders and the Representatives as soon as practicable an earning statement that satisfies the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 of the Commission promulgated thereunder covering a period of at least twelve months beginning with the first fiscal quarter of the Company occurring after the "effective date" (as defined in Rule 158) of the Registration Statement. (h) Clear Market. For a period of 90 days after the date hereof, the Company will not (i) offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Stock or (ii) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Stock, whether any such transaction described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the Representatives, other than the issuance of shares pursuant to any stock purchase warrant outstanding on the date hereof, Shares to be sold hereunder, and the grant of awards under and issuance of any shares of Stock issuable upon the exercise of options or awards granted under, existing employee and director stock incentive plans. (i) Reports. So long as the Shares are outstanding, the Company will furnish to the Representatives, as soon as they are available, copies of all reports or other communications (financial or other) furnished to holders of the Shares, and copies of any reports and financial statements furnished to or filed with the Commission or any national securities exchange or automatic quotation system; provided that the Company need not separately furnish any information that is publicly available on the Commission's EDGAR site or the Company's website. 16 6. Further Agreements of the Selling Stockholders. Each of the Selling Stockholders covenants and agrees with each Underwriter that: (a) Clear Market. For a period of 90 days after the date of the public offering of the Shares, such Selling Stockholder will not (i) offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Stock or (ii) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Stock, whether any such transaction described in clause (i) or (ii) above is to be settled by delivery of Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise or (iii) make any demand for or exercise any right with respect to the registration of any shares of Stock or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Stock without the prior written consent of the Representatives, in each case other than the Shares to be sold by such Selling Stockholder hereunder. (b) Tax Form. It will deliver to the Representatives prior to or at the Closing Date a properly completed and executed United States Treasury Department Form W-9 (or other applicable form or statement specified by the Treasury Department regulations in lieu thereof) in order to facilitate the Underwriters' documentation of their compliance with the reporting and withholding provisions of the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 with respect to the transactions herein contemplated. 7. Conditions of Underwriters' Obligations. The obligation of each Underwriter to purchase the Underwritten Shares on the Closing Date or the Option Shares on the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be as provided herein is subject to the performance by the Company and each of the Selling Stockholders of their respective covenants and other obligations hereunder and to the following additional conditions: (a) Registration Compliance; No Stop Order. The Registration Statement (or if a post-effective amendment thereto is required to be filed under the Securities Act, such post-effective amendment) shall have become effective, and the Representatives shall have received notice thereof, not later than 5:00 P.M., New York City time, on the date hereof; no order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall be in effect, and no proceeding for such purpose shall be pending before or threatened by the Commission; the Prospectus shall have been timely filed with the Commission under the Securities Act and in accordance with Section 5(a) hereof; and all requests by the Commission for additional information shall have been complied with to the reasonable satisfaction of the Representatives. (b) Representations and Warranties. The respective representations and warranties of the Company and the Selling Stockholders contained herein shall be true and correct on the date hereof and on and as of the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be; and the statements of the Company and its officers and of each of the Selling Stockholders made in any certificates delivered pursuant to this Agreement shall be true and correct on and as of the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be. 17 (c) No Downgrade. Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, (i) no downgrading shall have occurred in the rating accorded any securities or preferred stock of or guaranteed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries by any "nationally recognized statistical rating organization", as such term is defined by the Commission for purposes of Rule 436(g)(2) under the Securities Act and (ii) no such organization shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or review, or has changed its outlook with respect to, its rating of any securities or preferred stock of or guaranteed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries (other than an announcement with positive implications of a possible upgrading). (d) No Material Adverse Change. Subsequent to the execution and delivery of this Agreement, no event or condition of a type described in Section 3(e) hereof shall have occurred or shall exist, which event or condition is not described in the Prospectus (excluding any amendment or supplement thereto) and the effect of which in the judgment of the Representatives makes it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the offering, sale or delivery of the Shares on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, on the terms and in the manner contemplated by this Agreement and the Prospectus. (e) Officer's Certificate. The Representatives shall have received on and as of the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, a certificate (i) of the chief financial officer or chief accounting officer of the Company and one additional senior executive officer of the Company who is satisfactory to the Representatives (A) confirming that such officers have carefully reviewed the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and, to the best knowledge of such officers, the representation of the Company set forth in Section 3(b) hereof is true and correct, (B) confirming that the other representations and warranties of the Company in this Agreement are true and correct and that the Company has complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied hereunder at or prior to such Closing Date and (C) to the effect set forth in paragraphs (a), (c) and (d) above and (ii) of the Selling Stockholders, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, (A) confirming that the representation of such Selling Stockholders set forth in Section 4(e) hereof is true and correct and (B) confirming that the other representations and warranties of such Selling Stockholders in this agreement are true and correct and that the such Selling Stockholders have complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on their part to be performed or satisfied hereunder at or prior to such Closing Date. (f) Comfort Letters. On the date of this Agreement and on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, Ernst & Young LLP shall have furnished to the Representatives, at the request of the Company, letters, dated the respective dates of delivery thereof and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, containing statements and information of the type customarily included in accountants' "comfort letters" to underwriters with respect to the financial statements and certain financial information contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus; provided, that the letter delivered on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be shall use a "cut-off" date no more than three business days prior to such Closing Date or such Additional Closing Date, as the case may be. 18 (g) Opinion of Counsel for the Company. (i) Bass, Berry & Sims PLC, counsel for the Company, shall have furnished to the Representatives, at the request of the Company, their written opinion, dated the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, to the effect set forth in Annex A hereto and (ii) ________________, Florida counsel for the Company, shall have furnished to the Representatives, at the request of the Company, their written opinion, dated the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, to the effect set forth in Annex A1. (h) Opinion of Counsel for the Selling Stockholders. (i) Venable LLP, counsel for the Selling Stockholders, shall have furnished to the Representatives, at the request of the Selling Stockholders, their written opinion, dated the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, to the effect set forth in Annex B hereto and (ii) Thelen Reid & Priest LLP, New York counsel to the Selling Stockholders, shall have furnished to the Representatives, at the request of the Selling Stockholders, their written opinion, dated the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, to the effect set forth in Annex B1. (i) Opinion of Counsel for the Underwriters. The Representatives shall have received on and as of the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, an opinion of Shearman & Sterling LLP, counsel for the Underwriters, with respect to such matters as the Representatives may reasonably request, and such counsel shall have received such documents and information as they may reasonably request to enable them to pass upon such matters. (j) No Legal Impediment to Sale. No action shall have been taken and no statute, rule, regulation or order shall have been enacted, adopted or issued by any federal, state or foreign governmental or regulatory authority that would, as of the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, prevent the sale of the Shares; and no injunction or order of any federal, state or foreign court shall have been issued that would, as of the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, prevent the sale of the Shares. (k) Good Standing. The Representatives shall have received on and as of the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, satisfactory evidence of the good standing of the Company and its subsidiaries in their respective jurisdictions of organization and their good standing as foreign entities in such other jurisdictions as the Representatives may reasonably request, in each case in writing or any standard form of telecommunication from the appropriate governmental authorities of such jurisdictions. (l) Lock-up Agreements. The "lock-up" agreements, each substantially in the form of Annex C hereto, between you and certain shareholders, officers and directors of the Company listed on Schedule V hereto, relating to sales and certain other dispositions of shares of 19 Stock or certain other securities, delivered to you on or before the date hereof, shall be full force and effect on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be. (m) Additional Documents. On or prior to the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, the Company and the Selling Stockholders shall have furnished to the Representatives such further certificates and documents as the Representatives may reasonably request. All opinions, letters, certificates and evidence mentioned above or elsewhere in this Agreement shall be deemed to be in compliance with the provisions hereof only if they are in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to counsel for the Underwriters. 8. Indemnification and Contribution. (a) Indemnification of the Underwriters by the Company. The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter, its affiliates, directors and officers and each person, if any, who controls such Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages and liabilities (including, without limitation, legal fees and other expenses incurred in connection with any suit, action or proceeding or any claim asserted, as such fees and expenses are incurred), joint or several, that arise out of, or are based upon, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) or any Preliminary Prospectus, or caused by any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, except insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities arise out of, or are based upon, any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with any information relating to (a) any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use therein, (it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in subsection (c) below) or (b) any Selling Stockholder furnished to the Company by such Selling Stockholder for use therein; provided, further, that the Company and its subsidiaries shall not be liable to the Underwriters or any of their respective directors, officers, employees or controlling persons with respect to any such untrue statement or omission made in any Preliminary Prospectus existing as of the date hereof that is corrected in the Prospectus if (i) the person asserting any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action purchased Shares from the Underwriters in reliance upon the Preliminary Prospectus but was not delivered or sent a copy of the Prospectus, if required by law, at or prior to the written confirmation of the sale of such Shares to such person, unless such failure to deliver or send the Prospectus was a result of noncompliance by the Company with Section 5 of this Agreement and (ii) the Underwriters, and each such officer, director, employee and controlling person, if any, would not have incurred such loss, claim, damage, liability or action had the Prospectus been delivered or sent. (b) Indemnification of the Underwriters by the Selling Stockholders. Each of the Selling Stockholders severally in proportion to the number of Shares to be sold by such 20 Selling Stockholder hereunder agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter, its affiliates, directors and officers and each person, if any, who controls such Underwriter within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages and liabilities (including, without limitation, the legal fees and other expenses incurred in connection with any suit, action or proceeding or any claim asserted, as such fees and expenses are incurred), joint or several, that arise out of, or are based upon, any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) or any Preliminary Prospectus, or caused by any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading, provided, however, that such indemnification shall be only with respect to information regarding the Selling Stockholders furnished in writing to the Company by or on behalf of the Selling Stockholders expressly for use in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) or any Preliminary Prospectus. The Underwriters agree that the information furnished to the Company specifically for use in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) or any Preliminary Prospectus includes only the information relating to the Selling Shareholder set forth in Annex D hereto; provided, further that the Selling Stockholders will not be liable to any Underwriter insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities arise out of, or are based upon, any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with information relating to any Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use therein, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in subsection (c) below; and provided further, that the liability of the Selling Stockholders pursuant to this Section 8(b) shall not exceed the product of the number of Shares sold by such Selling Stockholders, including the Option Shares and the public offering price of the Shares set out in the Prospectus. (c) Indemnification of the Company and the Selling Stockholders. Each Underwriter agrees, severally and not jointly, to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, its directors, its officers who signed the Registration Statement and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act and each of the Selling Stockholders to the same extent as the indemnity set forth in paragraph (a) above, but only with respect to any losses, claims, damages or liabilities that arise out of, or are based upon, any untrue statement or omission or alleged untrue statement or omission made in reliance upon and in conformity with any information relating to such Underwriter furnished to the Company in writing by such Underwriter through the Representatives expressly for use in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus (or any amendment or supplement thereto) or any Preliminary Prospectus, it being understood and agreed upon that the only such information furnished by any Underwriter consists of the following information in the Prospectus furnished on behalf of each Underwriter: the concession and reallowance figures appearing in the [third] paragraph under the caption "Underwriting" and the information relating to stabilization in paragraphs [13 through 15] under the caption "Underwriting". 21 (d) Notice and Procedures. If any suit, action, proceeding (including any governmental or regulatory investigation), claim or demand shall be brought or asserted against any person in respect of which indemnification may be properly sought pursuant to the preceding paragraphs of this Section 8, such person (the "INDEMNIFIED PERSON") shall promptly notify the person against whom such indemnification may be properly sought (the "INDEMNIFYING PERSON") in writing; provided that the failure to notify the Indemnifying Person shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have under this Section 8 except to the extent that it has been materially prejudiced (through the forfeiture of substantive rights or defenses) by such failure; and provided, further, that the failure to notify the Indemnifying Person shall not relieve it from any liability that it may have to an Indemnified Person otherwise than under this Section 8. If any such proceeding shall be brought or asserted against an Indemnified Person and it shall have notified the Indemnifying Person thereof, the Indemnifying Person shall retain counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Person to represent the Indemnified Person and any others entitled to indemnification pursuant to this Section 8 that the Indemnifying Person may designate in such proceeding and shall pay the fees and expenses of such counsel related to such proceeding, as incurred. In any such proceeding, any Indemnified Person shall have the right to retain its own counsel, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such Indemnified Person unless (i) the Indemnifying Person and the Indemnified Person shall have mutually agreed to the contrary; (ii) the Indemnifying Person has failed within a reasonable time to retain counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnified Person; (iii) the Indemnified Person shall have reasonably concluded that there may be legal defenses available to it that are different from or in addition to those available to the Indemnifying Person; or (iv) the named parties in any such proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include both the Indemnifying Person and the Indemnified Person and representation of both parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between them. It is understood and agreed that the Indemnifying Person shall not, in connection with any proceeding or related proceeding in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the fees and expenses of more than one separate firm (in addition to any local counsel reasonably required to defend the claim) for all Indemnified Persons, and that all such fees and expenses shall be paid or reimbursed as they are incurred. Any such separate firm for any Underwriter, its affiliates, directors and officers and any control persons of such Underwriter shall be designated in writing by the Representatives, any such separate firm for the Company, its directors, its officers who signed the Registration Statement and any control persons of the Company shall be designated in writing by the Company and any such separate firm for the Selling Stockholders shall be designated in writing by the Attorneys-in-Fact. The Indemnifying Person shall not be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent, but if settled with such consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff, the Indemnifying Person agrees to indemnify each Indemnified Person from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement or judgment. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, if at any time an Indemnified Person shall have requested that an Indemnifying Person reimburse the Indemnified Person for reasonable fees and expenses of counsel as contemplated by this paragraph, the Indemnifying Person shall be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its written consent if (i) such settlement is entered into more than 60 days after receipt by the Indemnifying Person of such request and (ii) the Indemnifying Person shall not have reimbursed the Indemnified Person in accordance with such request prior to the date of such settlement. No Indemnifying Person shall, without the written 22 consent of the Indemnified Person (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld), effect any settlement of any pending or threatened proceeding in respect of which any Indemnified Person is or could have been a party and indemnification could have been sought hereunder by such Indemnified Person, unless such settlement includes an unconditional release of such Indemnified Person, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnified Person, from all liability on claims that are the subject matter of such proceeding. (e) Contribution. If the indemnification provided for in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) above is unavailable to an Indemnified Person or insufficient in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to therein, then each Indemnifying Person under such paragraph, in lieu of indemnifying such Indemnified Person thereunder, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such Indemnified Person as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company and the Selling Stockholders on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other from the offering of the Shares or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) but also the relative fault of the Company and the Selling Stockholders on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other in connection with the statements or omissions that resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company and the Selling Stockholders on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the net proceeds (before deducting expenses) received by the Selling Stockholders from the sale of the Shares and the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by the Underwriters in connection therewith, in each case as set forth in the table on the cover of the Prospectus, bear to the aggregate offering price of the Shares. The relative fault of the Company and the Selling Stockholders on the one hand and the Underwriters on the other shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company and the Selling Stockholders or by the Underwriters and the parties' relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. (f) Limitation on Liability. The Company, the Selling Stockholders and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 8 were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Selling Stockholders or the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in paragraph (e) above. The amount paid or payable by an Indemnified Person as a result of the losses, claims, damages and liabilities referred to in paragraph (e) above shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth above, any reasonable legal or other expenses incurred by such Indemnified Person in connection with any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 8, in no event shall an Underwriter be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total underwriting discounts and commissions received by such Underwriter with respect to the offering of the Shares exceeds the amount of any damages that such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) 23 of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The Underwriters' obligations to contribute pursuant to this Section 8 are several in proportion to their respective purchase obligations hereunder and not joint. (g) Non-Exclusive Remedies. The remedies provided for in this Section 8 are not exclusive and shall not limit any rights or remedies which may otherwise be available to any Indemnified Person at law or in equity. 9. Effectiveness of Agreement. This Agreement shall become effective upon the later of (i) the execution and delivery hereof by the parties hereto and (ii) receipt by the Company and the Representatives of notice of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement (or, if applicable, any post-effective amendment thereto). 10. Termination. This Agreement may be terminated in the absolute discretion of the Representatives, by notice to the Company and the Selling Stockholders, if after the execution and delivery of this Agreement and prior to the Closing Date or, in the case of the Option Shares, prior to the Additional Closing Date (i) trading generally shall have been suspended or materially limited on or by any of the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., the Chicago Board Options Exchange, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange or the Chicago Board of Trade; (ii) trading of any securities issued or guaranteed by the Company shall have been suspended on any exchange or in any over-the-counter market; (iii) a general moratorium on commercial banking activities shall have been declared by federal or New York State authorities; or (iv) there shall have occurred any outbreak or escalation of hostilities or any change in financial markets or any calamity or crisis, either within or outside the United States, that, in the judgment of the Representatives, is material and adverse and makes it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the offering, sale or delivery of the Shares on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, on the terms and in the manner contemplated by this Agreement and the Prospectus. 11. Defaulting Underwriter. (a) If, on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, any Underwriter defaults on its obligation to purchase the Shares that it has agreed to purchase hereunder on such date, the non-defaulting Underwriters may in their discretion arrange for the purchase of such Shares by other persons satisfactory to the Company and the Selling Stockholders on the terms contained in this Agreement. If, within 36 hours after any such default by any Underwriter, the non-defaulting Underwriters do not arrange for the purchase of such Shares, then the Company and the Selling Stockholders shall be entitled to a further period of 36 hours within which to procure other persons satisfactory to the non-defaulting Underwriters to purchase such Shares on such terms. If other persons become obligated or agree to purchase the Shares of a defaulting Underwriter, either the non-defaulting Underwriters or the Company and the Selling Stockholders may postpone the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, for up to five full business days in order to effect any changes that in the opinion of counsel for the Company, counsel for the Selling Stockholders or counsel for the Underwriters may be necessary in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus or in any other document or arrangement, and the Company agrees to promptly prepare any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus that 24 effects any such changes. As used in this Agreement, the term "Underwriter" includes, for all purposes of this Agreement unless the context otherwise requires, any person not listed in Schedule I hereto that, pursuant to this Section 11, purchases Shares that a defaulting Underwriter agreed but failed to purchase. (b) If, after giving effect to any arrangements for the purchase of the Shares of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters by the non-defaulting Underwriters, the Company and the Selling Stockholders as provided in paragraph (a) above, the aggregate number of Shares that remain unpurchased on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be does not exceed one-eleventh of the aggregate number of Shares to be purchased on such date, then the Company and the Selling Stockholders shall have the right to require each non-defaulting Underwriter to purchase the number of Shares that such Underwriter agreed to purchase hereunder on such date plus such Underwriter's pro rata share (based on the number of Shares that such Underwriter agreed to purchase on such date) of the Shares of such defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters for which such arrangements have not been made. (c) If, after giving effect to any arrangements for the purchase of the Shares of a defaulting Underwriter or Underwriters by the non-defaulting Underwriters, the Company and the Selling Stockholders as provided in paragraph (a) above, the aggregate number of Shares that remain unpurchased on the Closing Date or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, exceeds one-eleventh of the aggregate amount of Shares to be purchased on such date, or if the Company and the Selling Stockholders shall not exercise the right described in paragraph (b) above, then this Agreement or, with respect to any Additional Closing Date, the obligation of the Underwriters to purchase Shares on the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, shall terminate without liability on the part of the non-defaulting Underwriters. Any termination of this Agreement pursuant to this Section 11 shall be without liability on the part of the Company and the Selling Stockholders, except that the Selling Stockholders will continue to be liable for the payment of expenses as set forth in Section 12 hereof and except that the provisions of Section 8 hereof shall not terminate and shall remain in effect. (d) Nothing contained herein shall relieve a defaulting Underwriter of any liability it may have to the Company, the Selling Stockholders or any non-defaulting Underwriter for damages caused by its default. 12. Payment of Expenses. (a) Whether or not the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, the Selling Stockholders will pay or cause to be paid all costs and expenses incident to the performance of their respective obligations hereunder, including without limitation, (i) the costs incident to the authorization, sale, preparation and delivery of the Shares and any taxes payable in that connection; (ii) the costs incident to the preparation, printing and filing under the Securities Act of the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus and the Prospectus (including all exhibits, amendments and supplements thereto) and the distribution thereof; (iii) the costs of reproducing and distributing this Agreement and the Custody Agreement and the Power of Attorney (excluding the costs of underwriters' counsel); (iv) the fees and expenses of the Company's counsel and independent accountants; (v) the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the registration or qualification and determination of eligibility for investment of the Shares under the laws of such jurisdictions 25 as the Representatives may designate and the preparation, printing and distribution of a Blue Sky Memorandum (including the related fees and expenses of counsel for the Underwriters); (vi) the cost of preparing stock certificates; (vii) the costs and charges of any transfer agent and any registrar; (viii) all expenses and application fees incurred in connection with any filing with, and clearance of the offering by, the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.; (ix) all expenses incurred by the Company in connection with any "road show" presentation to potential investors; and (x) all expenses and fees of the Custodian. (b) If (i) this Agreement is terminated pursuant to Section 10, (ii) the Selling Stockholders for any reason fail to tender the Shares for delivery to the Underwriters or (iii) the Underwriters decline to purchase the Shares for any reason permitted under this Agreement, the Selling Stockholders, severally and not jointly, agree to reimburse the Underwriters for all out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including the fees and expenses of their counsel) reasonably incurred by the Underwriters in connection with this Agreement and the offering contemplated hereby. (c) If (i) this Agreement is terminated pursuant to Section 10, (ii) the Selling Stockholders for any reason fail to tender the Shares for delivery to the Underwriters or (iii) the Underwriters decline to purchase the Shares for any reason permitted under this Agreement, the Selling Stockholders, severally and not jointly, agree to reimburse the Company for all out-of-pocket costs and expenses (including the fees and expenses of its counsel and its independent auditors) reasonably incurred by the Company in connection with this Agreement and the offering contemplated hereby. 13. Persons Entitled to Benefit of Agreement. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective successors and the officers and directors and any controlling persons referred to in Section 8 hereof. Nothing in this Agreement is intended or shall be construed to give any other person any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of this Agreement or any provision contained herein. No purchaser of Shares from any Underwriter shall be deemed to be a successor merely by reason of such purchase. 14. Survival. The respective indemnities, rights of contribution, representations, warranties and agreements of the Company, the Selling Stockholders and the Underwriters contained in this Agreement or made by or on behalf of the Company, the Selling Stockholders or the Underwriters pursuant to this Agreement or any certificate delivered pursuant hereto shall survive the delivery of and payment for the Shares and shall remain in full force and effect, regardless of any termination of this Agreement or any investigation made by or on behalf of the Company, the Selling Stockholders or the Underwriters. 15. Certain Defined Terms. For purposes of this Agreement, (a) except where otherwise expressly provided, the term "affiliate" has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act; (b) the term "business day" means any day other than a day on which banks are permitted or required to be closed in New York City; and (c) the term "subsidiary" has the meaning set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act. 26 16. Miscellaneous. (a) Authority of the Representatives. Any action by the Underwriters hereunder may be taken by Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. on behalf of the Underwriters, and any such action taken by Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. shall be binding upon the Underwriters. (b) Notices. All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if mailed or transmitted and confirmed by any standard form of telecommunication. Notices to the Underwriters shall be given to the Representatives: J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., 277 Park Avenue, 8th Floor, New York, New York, 10172 (fax: (212) 622-8358); Attention: Syndicate Desk, and to Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., 60 Wall Street, New York, New York 10005 (fax: (212) 797-9344); Attention: Syndicate Desk and a copy to the General Counsel's Office (fax: (212) 797-4564), with a copy to Shearman & Sterling LLP, 599 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York, 10022-6069, Attention: Andrew R. Schleider, Esq. (fax (212) 848-7179)). Notices to the Company shall be given to it at Gaylord Entertainment Company, One Gaylord Drive, Nashville Tennessee 37214, (fax: (615) 316-6544); Attention: Carter R. Todd, Esq., with a copy to Bass, Berry & Sims PLC, 315 Deaderick Street, Suite 2700, Nashville, Tennessee 37238 (fax: (615) 742-2775); Attention: F. Mitchell Walker, Jr. Notices to the Selling Stockholders shall be given to the Attorneys-in-Fact: Gary C. Pierson, Michael P. Collison and Christine Everest Gaylord, c/o Oklahoma Publishing Company, P.O. Box 25125, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73125, (fax: (405) 475-3969) with a copy to Venable LLP, 8010 Towers Crescent Drive, Suite 300, Vienna, Virginia 22182-2707; Attention: Matthew B. Swartz, Esq. (fax: (703) 821-8949). (c) Governing Law. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York. (d) Consent to Jurisdiction. Any legal suit, action or proceeding arising out of or based upon this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby ("RELATED PROCEEDINGS") may be instituted in the federal courts of the United States of America located in the City and County of New York or the courts of the State of New York in each case located in the City and County of New York (collectively, the "SPECIFIED COURTS"), and each party irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in any such suit, action or proceeding (except for proceedings instituted in regard to the enforcement of a judgment of any such court (a "RELATED JUDGMENT"), as to which such jurisdiction is non-exclusive). Service of any process, summons, notice or document by mail to such party's address set forth above shall be effective service of process for any suit, action or other proceeding brought in any such court. The parties irrevocably and unconditionally waive any objection to the laying of venue of any suit, action or other proceeding in the Specified Courts and irrevocably and unconditionally waive and agree not to plead or claim in any such court that any such suit, action or other proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient forum. (e) Counterparts. This Agreement may be signed in counterparts (which may include counterparts delivered by any standard form of telecommunication), each of which shall be an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. 27 (f) Amendments or Waivers. No amendment or waiver of any provision of this Agreement, nor any consent or approval to any departure therefrom, shall in any event be effective unless the same shall be in writing and signed by the parties hereto. (g) Headings. The headings herein are included for convenience of reference only and are not intended to be part of, or to affect the meaning or interpretation of, this Agreement. [SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS] 28 If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding, please indicate your acceptance of this Agreement by signing in the space provided below. Very truly yours, GAYLORD ENTERTAINMENT COMPANY By: -------------------------------------- Name: David C. Kloeppel Title: Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer SELLING STOCKHOLDERS By: -------------------------------------- Name: Title: By: -------------------------------------- Name: Title: As Attorneys-in-Fact acting on behalf of each of the Selling Stockholders named in Schedule II to this Agreement. Accepted: ______________, 2004 DEUTSCHE BANK SECURITIES INC. For itself and on behalf of the several Underwriters listed in Schedule I hereto. By ------------------------------ Authorized Signatory By ------------------------------ Authorized Signatory J.P. MORGAN SECURITIES INC. For itself and on behalf of the several Underwriters listed in Schedule I hereto. By ------------------------------- Authorized Signatory SCHEDULE I Underwriter Number of Shares Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. ---------------- Total 5,872,113 Schedule I SCHEDULE II Schedule II
Number of Number of Selling Stockholders Underwritten Shares Option Shares E. L. and Thelma Gaylord Foundation........................... 3,043,479 456,521 GFI Company................................................... 1,829,362 274,404 Christine Gaylord Everest..................................... 303,620 45,543 Louise Gaylord Bennett........................................ 695,652 104,348 ------------------ --------------- 5,872,113 880,816 SCHEDULE III List of Company Subsidiaries [Company/Bass Berry to provide] Schedule III SCHEDULE IV List of Debt Instruments [Company/Bass Berry to provide] Schedule IV SCHEDULE V List of Directors, Officers and Stockholders Subject to Lock-up Agreements Michael D. Rose Colin V. Reed David C. Kloeppel Jay D. Sevigny Mark Fiorvanti John P. Caparella Carter R. Todd Rod Connor Robert P. Bowen E. K. Gaylord II E. Gordon Gee Laurence S. Geller Ralph Horn Michael I. Roth Martin Dickinson Mary Christine Gaylord E. L. and Thelma Gaylord Foundation GFI Company Christine Gaylord Everest Louise Gaylord Bennett Schedule V ANNEX A FORM OF OPINION OF BASS BERRY & SIMS PLC, COUNSEL FOR THE COMPANY (a) The Registration Statement was declared effective under the Securities Act as of the date and time specified in such opinion; the Prospectus was filed with the Commission pursuant to the subparagraph of Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act specified in such opinion on the date specified therein; and no order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement has been issued and no proceeding for that purpose is pending or, to the best knowledge of such counsel, threatened by the Commission. (b) The Registration Statement and the Prospectus (other than the financial statements, financial data and related schedules therein, as to which such counsel need express no opinion) comply as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act. (c) The Company and each of its subsidiaries listed on Annex 1 attached hereto have been duly organized and are validly existing and in good standing under the laws of their respective jurisdictions of organization, are duly qualified to do business and are in good standing in each jurisdiction listed beside their names on Annex 1, and have all power and authority necessary to own or hold their respective properties and to conduct the businesses as described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, except where the failure to be so qualified or have such power or authority would not, individually or in the aggregate, result in a Material Adverse Change. (d) All the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company (including the Shares to be sold by the Selling Stockholders) have been duly and validly authorized and issued and are fully paid and non-assessable; the capital stock of the Company conforms in all material respects to the description thereof contained in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus; and all the outstanding shares of capital stock or other equity interests of each subsidiary of the Company listed in Annex 1 are owned, directly or indirectly, of record or beneficially by the Company. (e) The Underwriting Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company. (f) The execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Underwriting Agreement, and compliance by the Company with the terms of, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by, the Underwriting Agreement will not result in a breach or violation of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, or a Debt Repayment Trigger Event under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries pursuant to, or require the consent of any other party to, any contract, indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan or credit agreement or other agreement or instrument listed on Schedule IV to the Underwriting Agreement or which has been filed or incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the Annex A-1 Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003 (but no opinion is given with respect to Exhibits 10.26-10.41 (Executive Compensation Plans and Management Contracts) or with respect to any matters which would require us to perform a mathematical calculation or make a financial or accounting determination) (the "REVIEWED INSTRUMENTS"). The execution and delivery of the Underwriting Agreement by the Company and the compliance by the Company with all of their obligations under the Underwriting Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (i) will not result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws or comparable organizational documents of the Company or of any of the subsidiaries listed on Annex I or (ii) to our knowledge will not result in any violation of any applicable statute, judgment, order, rule or regulation known to us of any court or federal, Tennessee or Delaware governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any of their properties or assets. (g) No consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority is required for the execution, delivery and performance by the Company of the Underwriting Agreement, and compliance by the Company with the terms thereof and the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Underwriting Agreement, except for the registration of the Shares under the Securities Act and such consents, approvals, authorizations, orders and registrations or qualifications as may be required under applicable state securities laws in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Shares by the Underwriters. (h) To the knowledge of such counsel, there is no litigation threatened or to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property or assets of the Company or any of its subsidiaries is the subject except as described in the Prospectus, or if not described therein, would not, individually or in the aggregate with all other such actions, suits and proceedings be reasonably expected to have, if adversely determined, a Material Adverse Change on the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise. (i) The statements contained in the Prospectus under the captions "Description of Capital Stock" and "Business -- Legal Proceedings" insofar as such statements constitute matters of law, summaries of legal matters, documents or legal proceedings, or legal conclusions, have been reviewed by us and fairly present and summarize, in all material respects, the matters referred to therein. To the knowledge of such counsel, there are no contracts and other documents that are required under the Securities Act to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement that have not been so filed. (j) The Company is not required to register as an "investment company" within the meaning of the Investment Company Act. (k) The documents incorporated by reference in the Prospectus or the Additional Closing Date, as the case may be, (other than the financial statements, financial data and related schedules therein, as to which such counsel need express no opinion), when they became effective or were filed with the Commission or last amended as of the date hereof, as the case may be, complied as to form in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Annex A-2 Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. Such counsel shall also state that they have participated in conferences with representatives of the Company and with representatives of its independent accountants and counsel at which conferences the contents of the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any amendment and supplement thereto and related matters were discussed, no facts have come to the attention of such counsel to cause such counsel to believe that the Registration Statement, at the time of its effective date (including the information, if any, deemed pursuant to Rule 430A to be part of the Registration Statement at the time of effectiveness), contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or that the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto as of its date and the Closing Date contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (other than the financial statements and related notes and schedules and other financial data contained therein, as to which such counsel need express no belief). In giving this opinion or undertaking the above-described representation, such counsel has not verified and is not passing upon and does not assume any responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the statements contained in the Registration Statement and Prospectus and any amendment and supplement thereto, except to the extent set forth in paragraph (i) of this opinion. In rendering such opinion, such counsel may rely as to matters of fact on certificates of responsible officers of the Company and public officials that are furnished to the Underwriters. The opinion of Bass Berry & Sims PLC described above shall be rendered to the Underwriters at the request of the Company and shall so state therein. In rendering such opinion, such counsel may (i) state that its opinion is limited to matters governed by the federal laws of the United States of America and the laws of the State of Tennessee and the Delaware General Corporation Law and (ii) assume, for the purposes of the opinions expressed in paragraphs (f) and (g) above with respect to an agreement that provides that it is governed by the laws of the State other than Tennessee, that the internal laws of the State of Tennessee would govern such agreements. Annex A-3 ANNEX 1 LIST OF SIGNIFICANT SUBSIDIARIES OF THE COMPANY [to be provided by Bass Berry/Company] Annex A-1 ANNEX A1 FORM OF OPINION OF FLORIDA COUNSEL FOR THE COMPANY Annex A-1 ANNEX B FORM OF OPINION OF VENABLE LLP, COUNSEL FOR THE SELLING STOCKHOLDERS (a) The Underwriting Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by or on behalf of each of the Selling Stockholders. (b) A Custody Agreement and Power of Attorney have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by each Selling Stockholder and constitute valid and binding agreements of each Selling Stockholder in accordance with their terms. (c) The sale of the Shares and the execution and delivery by each Selling Stockholders of, and the performance by each Selling Stockholders of its obligations under, the Underwriting Agreement, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated therein, (i) have been duly authorized on the part of each of the Selling Stockholders, and (ii) will not conflict with or result in a breach of any of the terms or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, loan agreement or other material agreement or instrument to which any Selling Stockholder is a party or by which any Selling Stockholder is bound or to which any of the property or assets of any Selling Stockholder is subject, nor will any such action result in any violation of the provisions of the charter or by-laws or similar organizational documents of any Selling Stockholder in the case of a Selling Shareholder that is not an individual or any applicable law or statute or any order, rule or regulation of any court or governmental agency or body having jurisdiction over such Selling Stockholder or any of its properties; and no consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any such court or governmental agency or body is required for the sale of the Shares or the consummation by the Selling Stockholders of the transactions contemplated by the Underwriting Agreement, except such consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications as have been obtained under the Securities Act and as may be required under state securities or Blue Sky laws in connection with the purchase and distribution of the Shares by the Underwriters, except as would not have a material adverse effect, which for the purposes of this opinion would exclude such consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications that if not obtained may have an adverse effect on the transfer of the Shares to the Underwriters or in any way restrict such transfer of Shares pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement. Annex B-1 ANNEX B1 FORM OF OPINION OF THELEN REID & PRIEST LLP, NEW YORK COUNSEL FOR THE SELLING STOCKHOLDERS (a) Each Selling Shareholder has full right, power and authority to sell, transfer and deliver such Shares pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement. Assuming that (i) the certificate or certificates representing the Shares to be sold by such Selling Shareholder pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement have been effectively indorsed in blank in accordance with NYUCC Article 8 and (ii) the Underwriters are without notice of any adverse claim to the Shares, then, upon the Underwriters' acquiring possession of such certificate or certificates for the Shares and paying the purchase price therefore pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement, each Underwriter will be a "protected purchaser" of the Shares to be purchased by it (within the meaning of Section 8-303 of the NYUCC) and will acquire its interest in such Securities (including, without limitation, all rights that such Selling Shareholder had or has the power to transfer in such Shares) free of any adverse claim. Annex B-1 ANNEX C [FORM OF LOCK-UP AGREEMENT] [o], 2004 J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. As Representatives of the several Underwriters listed in Schedule I of the Underwriting Agreement ---------- c/o J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. 277 Park Avenue New York, New York 10172 Re: Gaylord Entertainment Company--- Public Offering Ladies and Gentlemen: The undersigned understands that you, as Representatives of the several Underwriters, propose to enter into an Underwriting Agreement (the "UNDERWRITING AGREEMENT") with Gaylord Entertainment Company, a Delaware corporation (the "COMPANY"), providing for the public offering (the "PUBLIC OFFERING") by the several Underwriters named in Schedule I to the Underwriting Agreement (the "UNDERWRITERS"), of the common stock of the Company (the "SECURITIES"). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings set forth in the Underwriting Agreement. In consideration of the Underwriters' agreement to purchase and make the Public Offering of the Securities, and for other good and valuable consideration receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the undersigned hereby agrees that, without the prior written consent of the Representatives on behalf of the Underwriters, the undersigned will not, during the period ending 90 days after the date of the final prospectus relating to the Public Offering (the "PROSPECTUS"), (1) offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of Common Stock, $0.01 per share par value, of the Company (the "COMMON STOCK") or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock (including without limitation, Common Stock which may be deemed to be beneficially owned by the undersigned in accordance with the rules Annex C-1 and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and securities which may be issued upon exercise of a stock option or warrant) or (2) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Common Stock, whether any such transaction described in clause (1) or (2) above is to be settled by delivery of Common Stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise. In addition, the undersigned agrees that, without the prior written consent of the Representatives on behalf of the Underwriters, it will not, during the period ending 90 days after the date of the Prospectus, make any demand for or exercise any right with respect to, the registration of any shares of Common Stock or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Stock. In furtherance of the foregoing, the Company, and any duly appointed transfer agent for the registration or transfer of the securities described herein, are hereby authorized to decline to make any transfer of securities if such transfer would constitute a violation or breach of this Letter Agreement. The undersigned hereby represents and warrants that the undersigned has full power and authority to enter into this Letter Agreement. All authority herein conferred or agreed to be conferred and any obligations of the undersigned shall be binding upon the successors, assigns, heirs or personal representatives of the undersigned. The undersigned understands that, if the Underwriting Agreement does not become effective, or if the Underwriting Agreement (other than the provisions thereof which survive termination) shall terminate or be terminated prior to payment for and delivery of the Common Stock to be sold thereunder, the undersigned shall be released from all obligations under this Letter Agreement. The undersigned understands that the Underwriters are entering into the Underwriting Agreement and proceeding with the Public Offering in reliance upon this Letter Agreement. [SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS] Annex C-2 This lock-up agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without regard to the conflict of laws principles thereof. Very truly yours, [NAME OF STOCKHOLDER/DIRECTOR/OFFICER] By: --------------------------------------- Name: Title: Annex C-3 ANNEX D Information Provided by Selling Stockholders All the information in the Prospectus and the Preliminary Prospectus under the Caption "Selling Stockholders." Annex D-1
EXHIBIT 4.2 FORM OF REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT dated as of April __, 2004 (this "Agreement"), between Gaylord Entertainment Company, a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), and the parties named on Exhibit A hereto (each a "Holder," collectively the "Holders"). WITNESSETH: WHEREAS the Holders own an aggregate of ______________________________ shares of common stock, par value $.01 per share, of the Company owned by the record holders and in the amounts set forth on Exhibit A hereto (the "Registrable Shares") [NUMBER SHOULD BE NET OF SHARES SOLD IN OFFERING]; and WHEREAS the Company deems it to be in its best interest to provide an orderly conduit for the sale of its shares and therefore grants the Holders certain rights relating to the registration of the Registrable Shares. NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the agreements, covenants, representations and warranties contained herein and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows: SECTION 1. Demand Registrations. (a) The Holders may request registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), of Registrable Shares for sale in an underwritten public offering of no fewer than 2,500,000 Registrable Shares; provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated to register Registrable Shares pursuant to this Section 1 on more than one occasion. The registration requested pursuant to this Section 1 shall be referred to herein as the "Demand Registration". (b) A registration will not count as the Demand Registration for purposes of the proviso to Section 1 unless it has become effective (but if a registration statement is filed and the Holders thereafter request for any reason that the Company not cause the registration statement to become effective, that registration shall nevertheless count as the Demand Registration). (c) The Holders may request their Demand Registration at any time after 270 days after the date hereof, except during the pendency of an offering by the Company in which Holders are offered to participate under Section 2 hereof, then at any time 180 days after the date of the final prospectus for such offering. (d) The Holders may designate one joint book-running managing underwriter of nationally recognized standing for such offering, subject to the approval of the Company which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, and the Company may designate one joint book-running managing underwriter. (e) If at the time of any request to register Registrable Shares pursuant to this Section 1, the Company is engaged or intends to engage within 90 days of the time of the request in a registered public offering as to which the Holders may include Registrable Shares pursuant to Section 2 or is engaged in any other activity which, in the good faith determination of the Company's Board of Directors, would be adversely affected by the requested registration, then the Company may at its sole discretion direct that such request be delayed for a period not in excess of 120 days from the effective date of such offering or the date of such request in the case of any other activity, as the case may be, such right to delay a request to be exercised by the Company not more than once in any twelve-month period. (f) The Company shall not include in any Demand Registration any securities which are not Registrable Shares of the Holders without the prior written consent of the Attorney in Fact. (g) The rights of the Holders pursuant to this Section 1 shall expire on the third anniversary of the date hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the Company exercises any of its rights pursuant to Section 1(e) hereof, the date of such expiration shall be extended for as many days as any Demand Registration is delayed as a result. In the event that the Company exercises its rights pursuant to Section 1(e) more than once, the expiration shall be extended for a number of days equal to the aggregate number of days that the Company delays all Demand Registrations. SECTION 2. Piggyback Rights. (a) Whenever the Company proposes to offer and sell any Common Stock in an underwritten public offering under the Securities Act (but not in the event of the Demand Registration) the Company will give prompt written notice to the Holders of its intention to make such an offering (which notice shall be given not less than 15 days prior to the date a registration statement or prospectus supplement is to be filed) and, subject to the terms hereof, will include in the registration relating to the offering (a "Piggyback Registration") all Registrable Shares with respect to which the Company has received a written request from the Holders for inclusion therein within five days after the receipt of the Company's notice. After the Company has notified the Holders of an opportunity to include Registrable Shares in two of the foregoing registrations, the Company shall no longer be obligated to provide Piggyback Registration to the Holders. (b) If the book-running managing underwriter for such offering advises the Company in writing that in their opinion the number of securities to be registered and sold for the account of the Company, Registrable Shares and other securities requested to be included in such Piggyback Registration exceeds the number of securities to be registered and sold for the account of the Company, Registrable Shares and other securities that can be effectively sold in such offering, then the Company will include in such registration only: (x) first, any securities the Company proposes to sell for its own account or is required to include under any agreement of the Company, and (y) second, Registrable Shares requested to be included in such registration to the extent that, in the opinion of such underwriter, they can be sold, in proportion to the number of shares so requested by each Holder to be included. -2- (c) The rights of the Holders pursuant to this Section 2 shall expire on the third anniversary of the date hereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that the Company exercises any of its rights pursuant to Section 1(e) hereof, the date of such expiration shall be extended for as many days as any Demand Registration is delayed as a result. In the event that the Company exercises its rights pursuant to Section 1(e) more than once, the expiration shall be extended for a number of days equal to the aggregate number of days that the Company delays all Demand Registrations. Further, the Holders' rights pursuant to this Section 2 shall not expire on the third anniversary of the date hereof in the event that shares intended by the Holders to be registered and sold in Piggyback Registrations during the period prior to such third anniversary are reduced pursuant to Section 2(b) hereof below twenty five percent (25%) of the Registrable Shares proposed to be sold by the Holders pursuant to Piggyback Registration (the "Minimum Piggyback Amount"). In such event, Holders shall retain the right to participate in one Piggyback Registration, if any, prior to the fourth anniversary of the date hereof, at which time all rights under this Section 2 shall expire. SECTION 3. Holdback. The Company agrees (and shall sign an agreement to such effect) not to effect any public sale or distribution of Common Stock, or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for Common Stock, (other than granting awards under its employee and director stock incentive plans and issuance of shares upon exercise of outstanding awards) during the 15 days prior to and the 90-day period beginning on the date of the final prospectus or prospectus supplement (except as part of such underwritten registration). SECTION 4. Registration Procedures. (a) Whenever the Holders have requested that any Registrable Shares be registered pursuant to this Agreement, the Company will use reasonable efforts promptly to effect the registration and the sale of such Registrable Shares in accordance with the intended method of disposition thereof, and pursuant thereto the Company will use reasonable efforts to: (i) prepare (and afford counsel for the Holders reasonable opportunity to review and comment on) and file with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission") within 30 days (or if the Company shall not then be eligible to use Form S-3, 60 days) of the date of such request a registration statement with respect to such Registrable Shares and cause such registration statement to become and remain effective for such period as may be reasonably necessary to effect the sale of such securities as described in such request, but in no event for a period in excess of 120 days; (ii) prepare (and afford counsel for the Holders reasonable opportunity to review and comment on) and file with the Commission such amendments and supplements to such registration statement and the prospectus used in connection therewith as may be necessary to keep such registration statement effective and comply with the provisions of the Securities Act with respect to the disposition of all securities covered by such registration statement during such period in accordance with the intended methods of disposition by the Holders set forth in such registration statement; (iii) furnish to Holders and the underwriters of the Registrable Shares being registered such number of copies of such registration statement, each amendment and -3- supplement thereto, the prospectus included in such registration statement (including each preliminary prospectus) and such other documents as the Holders or such underwriters may reasonably request in order to facilitate the disposition of the Registrable Shares being registered or the sale of such securities by such underwriters; (iv) use all reasonable efforts to register or qualify such Registrable Shares under such other securities or blue sky laws of such jurisdictions within the United States as the Holders or, in the case of an underwritten public offering, the managing underwriter, reasonably request and do any and all other acts and things which may be reasonably necessary to enable the Holders to consummate the disposition in such jurisdictions of the Registrable Shares owned by the Holders; provided, however, that the Company will not be required to (A) qualify generally to do business in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify but for this subsection or (B) consent to general service of process in any such jurisdiction; (v) cause, as may be required, all such Registrable Shares to be listed or authorized for quotation on each securities exchange or automated quotation system on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted; (vi) provide, as may be required, a transfer agent and registrar for all such Registrable Shares not later than the effective date of such registration statement; (vii) enter into such customary agreements (including an underwriting agreement in customary form and in form and substance similar to the underwriting agreement entered into by the Company of even date herewith) and take all such other actions as the Holders or the underwriters, if any, reasonably request in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition of such Registrable Shares; (viii) make available for inspection at a reasonable time by the Holders, any underwriter participating in any disposition pursuant to such registration statement and any attorney, accountant or other agent retained by the Holders or such underwriter, all financial and other records, pertinent corporate documents and properties of the Company (collectively, the "Records"), and cause the Company's officers, directors, employees and independent accountants to supply all information reasonably requested by the Holders or any such underwriter, attorney, accountant or agent ("Inspectors") in connection with the preparation of such registration statement to enable them to exercise their due diligence responsibility. The Holders agree that Records and other information which the Company determines to be confidential and of which determination the Inspectors are so notified shall not be disclosed by the Inspectors unless (i) the release of such Records is legally required or ordered pursuant to a subpoena, court order or regulatory or agency request or is required pursuant to a deposition in conjunction with the foregoing or (ii) the information in such Records has been generally disseminated to the public. Each Holder agrees that it will, upon learning that disclosure of such Record is sought in a court of competent jurisdiction or by a governmental agency, give notice to the Company and allow the Company, at the Company's expense, to undertake appropriate action to prevent disclosure of the Records deemed confidential, but before making any disclosure will notify the Company of a request for Records or disclosure of information and will notify the Company in advance of disclosure if practical; -4- (ix) notify the Holders, promptly after it shall receive notice thereof, of the time when such registration statement has become effective or a supplement to any prospectus forming a part of such registration statement has been filed; (x) notify the Holders of any request by the Commission for the amending or supplementing of such registration statement or prospectus or for additional information; (xi) prepare (and afford one counsel for the Holders reasonable opportunity to review and comment on) and file with the Commission, promptly upon the request of the Holders, any amendments or supplements to such registration statement or prospectus that, in the opinion of the Holders' counsel, may be required under the Securities Act in connection with the distribution of Registrable Shares by the Holders; (xii) prepare and promptly file with the Commission and promptly notify the Holders of the filing of such amendment or supplement to such registration statement or prospectus as may be necessary to correct any statements or omissions if, at the time when a prospectus relating to such securities is required to be delivered under the Securities Act, any event shall have occurred as the result of which any such prospectus or any other prospectus as then in effect would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; (xiii) advise the Holders, promptly after it shall receive notice or obtain knowledge thereof, of the issuance of any stop order by the Commission suspending the effectiveness of such registration statement or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose and use all reasonable efforts promptly to prevent the issuance of any stop order or to obtain its withdrawal if such stop order is issued; (xiv) at least 48 hours prior to the filing of any registration statement or prospectus or any amendment or supplement to such registration statement or prospectus furnish a copy thereof to the Holders; (xv) at the request of the Holders furnish on the date or dates provided for in the underwriting agreement, if any, or upon the effective date of the registration statement: (A) an opinion of counsel, addressed to the underwriters, if any, and the Holders, covering such matters as such underwriters, if any, and the Holders may reasonably request and as are customarily covered by the issuer's counsel in an underwritten offering; and (B) a letter or letters from the independent certified public accountants of the Company addressed to the underwriters, if any, and the Holders covering such matters as such underwriters, if any, and the Holders may reasonably request and as are customarily covered in accountant's letters in connection with an underwritten offering; (xvi) during such time as the Holders may be engaged in a distribution of Registrable Shares, comply with Regulation M promulgated under the Exchange Act (or its successor), to the extent applicable; -5- (xvii) participate, to the extent the Holders may reasonably request (and for such number of days as the underwriters recommend (not to exceed five (5) days for the Demand Registration)), with the Holders in any road show in connection with any underwritten offering; and (xviii) otherwise comply with the provisions of the Securities Act with respect to the disposition of all securities covered by such registration statement in accordance with the intended method of disposition and make generally available to its security holders, as soon as reasonably practicable, an earnings statement satisfying the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 thereunder, which need not be audited. (b) Upon requesting registration of Registrable Shares pursuant to a registration under this Agreement, the Holders agree as follows: (i) The Holders shall cooperate as reasonably requested by the Company with the Company in connection with the preparation of the registration statement, and for so long as the Company is obligated to file and keep effective the registration statement, shall provide to the Company, in writing, for use in the registration statement, all such information regarding the Holders and its plan of distribution of Registrable Shares as may be necessary or advisable to enable the Company to prepare the registration statement and prospectus covering the Registrable Shares, to maintain the currency and effectiveness thereof and otherwise to comply with all applicable requirements of law in connection therewith and to obtain any desired acceleration of the effective date of any registration statement prepared and filed by the Company pursuant to this Agreement; and (ii) During such time as the Holders may be engaged in a distribution of the Registrable Shares, the Holders shall (A) comply with Regulation M promulgated under the Exchange Act (or its successor), to the extent applicable, (B) distribute the Registrable Shares under the registration statement solely in the manner described in the registration statement and (C) cease distribution of such Registrable Shares pursuant to such registration statement upon receipt of written notice from the Company that the prospectus covering the Registrable Shares contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading provided, however, that the period during which the Company is required to maintain the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall be extended by one day for each day during which the distribution must be suspended. (iii) Each Holder agrees that if the managing underwriter so requires and if such Holder's Registrable Securities are included in such registration or if such Holder declines to include any Registrable Securities in such registration or in the event of any Company offering of securities convertible into Company common stock, not to effect any sale or distribution, including any sale pursuant to Rule 144 or 145 of the Securities Act, of any securities of the Company which are similar to the securities included in such registration (other than as part of the underwritten offering), without the consent of the managing underwriter(s), for a period of 90 days after the date notice is given pursuant to Section 2 hereof or with respect to an offering of convertible securities, 90 days after the closing date of such offering; provided, however, that if the registration statement filed in connection therewith becomes effective within -6- such 90-day period, such 90-day period shall be extended for such period as may be required pursuant to the terms and conditions of any underwriting agreement entered into in connection with such proposed registration. (iv) The Holders shall, if requested by the Company or the managing underwriter(s) in connection with any proposed registration and distribution pursuant to this Agreement, (i) agree to sell the Subject Shares on the basis provided in any underwriting arrangements entered into by the Company and any other selling shareholders in connection therewith and (ii) complete and execute all questionnaires, powers of attorney, indemnities, underwriting agreement and other documents customary in similar offerings. (v) Upon receipt of any written notice from the Company that the Company has become aware that the prospectus (including any preliminary prospectus) included in any registration statement filed pursuant to Section 1 or 2 hereof, as then in effect, contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, the Holders shall forthwith discontinue disposition of Shares pursuant to the registration statement covering the same until the Holders' receipt of copies of a supplemented or amended prospectus and, if so directed by the Company, deliver to the Company all copies other than permanent file copies then in the Holder's possession, of the prospectus covering the Shares that was in effect prior to such amendment or supplement. (c) Registrable Shares shall cease to be Registrable Shares when sold or transferred to other than a Holder hereunder (unless by gift, donation or transfer without any consideration), whether or not pursuant to a Registration Statement. SECTION 5. Registration Expenses. With respect to Demand Registrations, all expenses incident to the Company's performance of or compliance with this Agreement, including, without limitation, all registration and filing fees, fees of transfer agents and registrars, fees and expenses of compliance with securities or blue sky laws, fees of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., printing expenses, fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company, fees and expenses of the Company's independent certified public accountants, underwriting fees, expenses, discounts or commissions attributable to the Registrable Shares included in such registration (but excluding road show expenses, and fees for counsel to the underwriters, which will be paid or borne by the underwriters) (all such expenses being herein called "Registration Expenses"), will be borne by the Holders. With respect to Piggyback Registrations, all Registration Expenses shall be paid or borne by the Company except for underwriting fees, expenses, discounts, or commissions attributable to the Registrable Shares and fees for counsel to the Holders, which shall be paid by the Holders. In addition, the Company will pay its internal expenses (including, without limitation, all salaries and expenses of its officers and employees performing legal or accounting duties), the expense of any annual audit or quarterly review, the expense of any liability insurance obtained by the Company and the expenses and fees for listing or authorizing for quotation the securities to be registered on each securities exchange or automated quotation system on which any shares of Common Stock are then listed or quoted. -7- SECTION 6. Indemnification. The Company and the Holders agree, in connection with any registration of the Registrable Shares to provide in any underwriting agreement for indemnification of the underwriters by the Company for any claims arising from any untrue statement of a material fact or omission of any material fact in the registration statement necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that the Company will not be liable for claims arising from any untrue statement of a material fact contained in a registration statement or any omission to state a material fact necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, if the statement or omission was made in reliance upon information relating to any Holder furnished to the Company by or on behalf of any Holder for use in connection with the preparation of the Registration Statement or relating to any underwriter. The Holders shall indemnify such underwriters solely for any misstatement included in the prospectus pursuant to which Registrable Securities are sold, provided that the Holders authorized in writing the inclusion of such misstatement in such prospectus. SECTION 7. Compliance with Rule 144. The Company shall use its reasonable efforts to (i) make and keep public information available, as those terms are understood and defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act ("Rule 144"), (ii) file with the Company in a timely manner all reports and other documents required of the Company under the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and (iii) at the reasonable request of the Holders, forthwith furnish to the Holders a written statement of compliance with the reporting requirements of the Commission as set forth in Rule 144 and make available to the Holders such information as will enable the Holders to make sales pursuant to Rule 144. SECTION 8. Holders' Representative. For the purpose of this Agreement, Christine Gaylord Everest (or her successor or designee, the identity of which the Company shall be notified in the event that they are appointed) shall represent the Holders with respect to all matters related to this Agreement (including but not limited to the decision to undertake a Demand Registration). Each of the Holders hereby appoints her as attorney in fact ("Attorney in Fact") for such Holder for all purposes under this Agreement, including amendments to and waivers hereunder, notice, and the decision to undertake the Demand Registration. SECTION 9. Notice. Whenever any notice is required to be given hereunder, such notice shall be deemed given only when such notice is in writing and is delivered by messenger or courier or, if sent by fax, when received. All notices, requests and other communications hereunder shall be delivered by courier, reputable overnight delivery service, or messenger or shall be sent by facsimile to the following addresses: (i) If to the Holders, at the following address: The Oklahoma Publishing Company P.O. Box 25125 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73125 Facsimile: (405) 475-4153 Attention: Gary C. Pierson, Chief Operating Officer for Christine Gaylord Everest as Attorney in Fact -8- with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) by facsimile or messenger or courier to: Venable LLP 575 7th Street N.W. Washington, D.C. 20004 Facsimile: (202) 344-8300 Attention: Frederic T. Spindel, Esq. (ii) If to the Company, at the following address: Gaylord Entertainment Company One Gaylord Drive Nashville, Tennessee Facsimile: (615) 316-6544 Attention: Carter R. Todd, Esq. with a copy (which shall not constitute notice) by facsimile or messenger or courier to: Bass, Berry, & Sims PLC 315 Deaderick Street. Suite 2700 Nashville, Tennessee 37238 Facsimile: (615) 742-2775 Attention: F. Mitchell Walker, Jr., Esq. or to such other respective addresses as may be designated by notice given in accordance with this Section 9. SECTION 10. Complete Agreement; No Third-Party Beneficiaries. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties pertaining to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings of the parties in connection therewith. This Agreement is not intended to confer upon any Person other than the Company and the Holders any rights or remedies hereunder. SECTION 11. GOVERNING LAW. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE CONSTRUED AND INTERPRETED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE WITHOUT REFERENCE TO ITS PRINCIPLES OF CONFLICTS OF LAWS. THE HOLDERS AND THE COMPANY HEREBY CONSENT TO THE JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE AND THE FEDERAL COURTS LOCATED THEREIN WITH RESPECT TO ANY ACTION, SUIT OR PROCEEDING BROUGHT TO ENFORCE ANY PROVISION OF THIS AGREEMENT OR TO DETERMINE THE RIGHTS OF ANY PARTY HERETO. SECTION 12. No Assignment. The rights of any Holder pursuant to this agreement are personal to such Holder and may not be assigned except such rights may be assigned by a Holder only to another Holder listed on Exhibit A hereto to whom Registrable Shares are transferred or -9- in the case of shares donated or transferred without any consideration. This Agreement shall be binding upon any successor to the Company. SECTION 13. Headings. The descriptive headings of the sections and subsections of this Agreement are for convenience only and do not constitute a part of this Agreement. SECTION 14. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts and by different parties in separate counterparts. All such counterparts shall constitute one and the same agreement and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered to the other party. SECTION 15. Interpretation. The word "including", when used herein, shall be deemed to mean "including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing". When a reference is made in this Agreement to a Section, such reference shall be to a section of this Agreement, unless otherwise indicated. SECTION 16. Remedies; Waiver. All rights and remedies existing under this Agreement are cumulative to, and not exclusive of, any rights or remedies otherwise available. No failure on the part of any party to exercise or delay in exercising any remedy hereunder shall be deemed a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise preclude any further or other exercise of such or any other right. SECTION 17. Severability. Any invalidity, illegality or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement in any jurisdiction shall not invalidate or render illegal or unenforceable the remaining provisions hereof in such jurisdiction and shall not invalidate or render illegal or unenforceable such provisions in any other jurisdiction. The Company and the Holders shall endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace any invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision with a valid, legal and enforceable provision, the economic effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision. SECTION 18. Amendment; Waiver. This Agreement may be amended only by agreement in writing of the Company and the attorney in fact. No waiver of any provision nor consent to any exception to the terms of this Agreement shall be effective unless in writing and signed by the party to be bound and then only to the specific purpose, extent and instance so provided. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Holders and the Company have caused this Agreement to be signed by their respective offers thereunto duly authorized all as of the date first written above. GAYLORD ENTERTAINMENT [HOLDERS] COMPANY By: ----------------------------------- Name: ------------------------------ Title: ----------------------------- -10- EXHIBIT A
RECORD HOLDER NUMBER OF SHARES MANNER HELD - ------------- ---------------- ----------- (cert. no.)
. . . EXHIBIT 5.1 April 7, 2004 Gaylord Entertainment Company One Gaylord Drive Nashville, TN 37214 Re: Registration Statement on Form S-3 (Common Stock) Ladies and Gentlemen: We have acted as your counsel in connection with the preparation of a Registration Statement on Form S-3 (the "Registration Statement") filed by you today with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Registration Statement relates to 6,752,929 shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value (the "Common Stock"), of Gaylord Entertainment Company, a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), to be offered by certain selling stockholders (including an over-allotment option of 880,816 shares) as described in the Registration Statement. In connection with this opinion, we have examined and relied upon such records, documents and other instruments as in our judgment are necessary or appropriate in order to express the opinions hereinafter set forth and have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, and the conformity to original documents of all documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies. Based upon the foregoing and such other matters as we have deemed relevant, we are of the opinion that the shares of Common Stock to be offered by the selling stockholders are validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. We hereby consent to the reference to our law firm in the Registration Statement under the caption "Legal Matters" and to the use of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not thereby admit that we are an "expert" within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Sincerely, /s/ Bass, Berry & Sims PLC
BASS, BERRY & SIMS PLC A PROFESSIONAL LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY ATTORNEYS AT LAW KNOXVILLE OFFICE DOWNTOWN OFFICE: 900 SOUTH GAY STREET, SUITE 1700 REPLY TO: AMSOUTH CENTER KNOXVILLE, TN 37902 AMSOUTH CENTER 315 DEADERICK STREET, SUITE 2700 (865) 521-6200 315 DEADERICK STREET, SUITE 2700 NASHVILLE, TN 37238-3001 NASHVILLE, TN 37238-3001 (615) 742-6200 MEMPHIS OFFICE (615) 742-6200 THE TOWER AT PEABODY PLACE MUSIC ROW OFFICE: 100 PEABODY PLACE, SUITE 950 WWW.BASSBERRY.COM 29 MUSIC SQUARE EAST MEMPHIS, TN 38103-2625 NASHVILLE, TN 37203-4322 (901) 543-5900 (615) 255-6161
EXHIBIT 23.1 Consent of Independent Auditors We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption "Experts" in Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement (Form S-3) and related Prospectus of Gaylord Entertainment Company for the offering of shares of Gaylord Entertainment Company common stock by certain selling shareholders and to the incorporation by reference therein of our reports (a) dated February 9, 2004, except for the ninth paragraph of Note 16, as to which the date is March 10, 2004, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Gaylord Entertainment Company, and (b) dated February 9, 2004 with respect to certain financial statement schedules included in Gaylord Entertainment Company's Amendment No. 2 to its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. /s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP Nashville, Tennessee April 19, 2004